Pienen perheyrityksen johtoryhmä yrittäjänä

Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena on selvittää miten yrittäjyys näkyy pienen perheyrityksen johtoryhmän toiminnassa. Pyrkimyksenä on ymmärtää millaisia nämä johtoryhmät ovat. Tutkimuksessa pyritään myös selvittämään, miten nämä tiimit toimivat. Lopuksi tutkimuksen kiinnostuksen kohteena on, mitä suoritteita tiimit saavat aikaan. Tutkimuksessa on käytetty kvalitatiivista tutkimusmenetelmää. Tutkimus on toteutettu teemahaastatteluina valituissa pienissä perheyrityksissä. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että pienissä perheyrityksissä toimivat johtoryhmät ovat hyvin erilaisia koostumukseltaan. Usein niissä on samoja henkilöitä kuin hallituksessa. Heterogeeniset tiimit osoittautuivat kuitenkin toimivimmiksi. Pienissä perheyrityksissä todettiin olevan sekä johtoryhmiä että yrittäjämäisiä tiimejä. Johtoryhmä voi tuoda yritykseen uusia johtamiskäytäntöjä ja siten järkevöittää yrityksen johtamista ja kehittymistä.

Aloittavien hyvinvointialan yrittäjien yrityspalveluprosessien asiakaslähtöinen kehittäminen Etelä-Karjalassa

Tutkimus on osa Kaakkois-Suomen sosiaalialan osaamiskeskus Socom Oy:n toteuttamaa Hyvinvointialan yrittäjyys -projektia. Tutkimuksen tavoit-teena on selvittää, kuinka aloittavien hyvinvointialan yrittäjien yrityspalve-luita ja toimialakohtaista neuvontaa voidaan kehittää asiakaslähtöisem-mäksi Etelä-Karjalassa. Tutkimuksen teoriaosuudessa tarkastellaan, mitä erityispiirteitä hyvinvointialan yrittäjyyteen liittyy ja mitä annettavaa prosessijohtamisen teorioilla on aloittavan hyvinvointialan yrittäjän palveluprosessin kehittämiselle. Tutkimuksen primääriaineisto on kerätty asiantuntijoiden ja yrittäjien teemahaastatteluilla sekä mallinnus- ja kehityssessioilla. Aineiston teemoittelun avulla keskeisiksi palveluprosessin kehittämiskohteiksi nousivat yrityspalveluiden markkinointi, yrittäjien heikko liiketoimintaosaaminen ja puutteellinen toimialan erityiskysymyksiin liittyvä neuvonta. Lopuksi luodun palveluprosessin tavoitetilan keskeinen viesti on, että Etelä-Karjalaan tarvitaan alaan erikoistunut toimielin, josta yrittäjä saa kokonaisvaltaista ja toimialan erityispiirteet huomioivaa apua ja jonka avulla eri toimijoiden välinen yhteistyöverkosto saadaan tiiviimmäksi.

Yksilön työmotivaation ja oppimisen muodostuminen organisaatiossa Case: Päivittäistavarakaupan kassaryhmä

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli tarkastella yksilön työmotivaation ja osaami-sen muodostumista organisaatiossa. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa on tarkasteltu tiettyjen työmotivaatioon ja työssä oppimiseen vaikuttavien itse työhön, sekä organisaatioon liittyvien tekijöiden merkitystä näiden kehittymisessä. Tutkimuksella haluttiin ottaa osaa keskusteluun aineettoman, inhimillisen pääoman tärkeydestä organisaatioille kilpailukyvyn luojana. Aineettoman pääoman on sanottu saavan aikaan suuren osan yrityksen kasvusta ja sen arvonnoususta, joten se vaikuttaa keskeisesti organisaation strategiaan ja kilpailukykyyn (Lönnqvist et al. 2005: 61–63). Palveluryityksen tuote perus-tuu tietoon ja henkilöstön tärkeimmäksi ominaisuudeksi nousee tällöin osaaminen (Halonen, 2001: 78). Tämän vuoksi oppiminen organisaatiossa on tutkimuksessa erityisen huomion kohteena, koska sen rooli työmotivaa-tion näkökulmasta on merkittävä ja sen kautta luodaan osaamista. Osaa-mista, joka koostuu tiedoista, taidoista, asenteista, kokemuksista ja kon-takteista, voi syntyä oppimisen kautta (Sydänmaanlakka, 2001: 14) Osaamisen kautta pystytään rakentamaan myös sisäistä, pidempikestoista motivaatiota. Tutkimus on kvalitatiivinen tapaustutkimus, jossa motivaatiota ja työssä oppimista on tarkasteltu lähemmin kohdeyrityksen valitun työntekijäryh-män kautta. Tutkimusmenetelminä on käytetty puolistrukturoitua teema-haastattelua ja kyselylomaketta.

Virkavastuu. Määräaikainen virantoimituksesta erottaminen rajavartiomiehen, ammattisotilaan ja poliisin erityisenä kurinpitorangaistuksena.

Tutkielman tavoitteena on oikeudellisten lähteiden systematisoinnilla tuottaa johdonmukainen kuvaus poliisin, rajavartiomiehen sekä ammattisotilaan virkavelvollisuuksista, oikeudellisesta vastuusta ja virkarikosten rangaistavuudesta. Päähuomio kohdistuu virkamiehen määräaikaiseen virantoimituksesta erottamiseen. Oikeudellisella argumentaatiolla pyritään esittämään lainmukainen ja hyväksyttävä tulkintakannanotto siihen, miten kyseistä säädöstä tulisi tulkita. Tutkimusmetodi työssä on oikeusdogmatiikka. Ensisijaisena aineistona tutkielmassa on voimassa oleva lainsäädäntö valmisteluaineistoineen. Toissijaisina lähteinä käytetään kirjallisuutta, viranomaisten kurinpitopäätöksiä ja haastatteluja. Määräaikainen erottaminen voidaan määrätä virkamiehelle, joka toimii vastoin virkavelvollisuuksiaan tai laiminlyö niitä. Säädös on tulkittavissa laajentavasti siten, että myös muut kuin selkeästi viranomaisen valvontavastuulle kuuluvat teot voidaan katsoa virkatehtävien vastaiseksi. Erityisen käyttäytymisvelvoitteen johdosta menettely on rangaistavaa myös vapaa-ajalla. Määräaikainen erottaminen sijoittuu rangaistusasteikossa varoituksen ja irtisanomisen väliin. Rangaistus ei edellytä erityisen painavia perusteita, joita vaaditaan virkamiehen irtisanomiseen. Uuden säädöksen myötä irtisanomisten määrä on vähentynyt Rajavartiolaitoksessa. Säädöksestä on muotoutunut kurinpidollinen lisärangaistus, joka on määrätty virkamiehelle hallinnollisella päätöksellä yleensä rikostuomion jälkeen. Säädös on kuitenkin tarkoitettu ja se mahdollistaa myös puuttumisen varsinaisten virkatehtävien laiminlyönteihin. Lainsäädännön selkeyttämiseksi määräaikaisen erottamisen säädös tulisi poistaa eri viranomaisten erityislainsäädännöstä ja liittää suoraan virkamieslakiin. Säädöksen soveltaminen tulisi ulottaa koskemaan myös muita virkamiehiä, jotka palvelevat kyseisissä viranomaisissa. Tutkimuksen kohteena oleva virkamiesryhmä alistuu virkamiesoikeudessa blankkorangaistusuhan alle. Virkamiehen on vaikea hahmottaa kaikkea rangaistavaa toimintaa, ja virantoimittamisvelvollisuus on usein täsmentymätön ja tulkinnanvarainen. Kokonaisharkinnassa korostuvat myös muut kuin oikeudelliset lähteet (esimerkiksi moraalikäsitykset, etiikka, ohjeet, virkamiehen elämäntilanne). Sotilaiden ja poliisin oikeudenhoito poikkeaa monilta osin muiden virkamiesten oikeudenhoitomenettelystä. Rajavartiolaitoksessa sotilasoikeudenhoidon määräykset ja ohjeet ovat selkeästi puutteelliset. Rajavartiolaitoksen tehtäväkentän ja toimivaltuudet huomioiden tulisi kurinpito- ja virkarikosten tutkinnoissa lähentyä poliisin mallia sekä hyödyntää rikostorjuntahenkilöstön ammattitaitoa oman henkilökunnan esitutkinnoissa. Erityisen turvallisuusviranomaisten virkarikoksiin erikoistuneen tutkintaorganisaation perustaminen voisi tehostaa ja parantaa esitutkintojen tasoa sekä lisätä oikeusvarmuutta.

Music digitalization and its effects on the Finnish music industry stakeholders

For the past two decades the music digitalization has been considered the most significant phenomenon in the music industry as the physical sales have been decreasing rapidly. The advancement of the digital technology and the internet have facilitated the digitalization in the music industry and affected all stages of the music value chain, namely music creation, distribution and consumption. The newly created consumer culture has led to the establishment of novel business models such as music subscriptions and à-la-carte downloads websites and live streaming. The dynamic digital environment has presented the music industry stakeholders with the challenge to adapt to the requirements of the constantly changing modern consumers’ needs and demands. The purpose of this study was to identify how music digitalization can influence change in the Finnish music industry value chain; i.e. how digitalization affects the music industry stakeholders, their functions and inter-relatedness and how the stakeholders are able to react to the changes in the industry. The study was conducted as a qualitative research based entirely on primary data in the form of semi-structured interviews with experts from different units of the Finnish music industry value chain. Since the study offers assessment of diverse viewpoints on the value chain, it further provides an integrated picture of the Finnish music industry current situation and its competitive environment. The results suggest that the music industry is currently in a turbulent stage of experimentation with new business models and digital innovations. However, at this point it is impossible to determine which business model will be approved by the consumers in the longer run. Nevertheless, the study confirmed the claim that consumption of music in its digital form is to become dominant over the traditional physical copies sales in the nearest future. As a result the music industry is becoming more user-oriented; that is the focus is shifting from music production towards artist branding and management and visibility to the audience. Furthermore, the music industry is undergoing the process of integration with other industries such as media, social networks, internet services providers and mobile phone manufacturers in order to better fulfill the consumers’ needs. The previously underrated live music and merchandising are also increasing their significance for the revenues in the stagnant music markets. Therefore, the music industry is developing at present towards becoming an integrated entertainment industry deeply penetrating every point of modern people’s leisure activities.

Driver of Demand in Cargo and Passenger Traffic Between Penta Ports

Maritime transport moves around 6 billion tonnes of freight every year. The freight consists of liquid bulks (45%), dry bulks (23%) and general cargo (32%). Freight traffic and transports chains vary according to region, commodity and the origin and the destination of freight. In the European Union the ports sector handles over 90% of the trade with third countries. The share of intra-EU trade is approximately 30% of the total transportation and the number of passengers is over 200 million every year. The Baltic Sea has more than 50,000 vessels a year pass the Skaw at the northernmost tip of Denmark on their way into or out of the Baltic. Roughly 60% to 70% of these vessels are cargo vessels and 17% to 25% tankers. Ports and maritime transport play a crucial role in global commerce today. Today’s business environment is changing rapidly, and the constant changes create challenges for the transport industry and maritime traffic. Ports have to adapt to continuous changes in economic structures, logistics demands, and people’s travel and leisure patterns. In order to ensure the competitiveness of sea connections, the ports need to fully enhance multilateral cross-border understanding and cooperation. In this report the focus is on liner traffic between five ports in the Central Baltic Region: Stockholm, Tallinn, Helsinki Turku and Naantali. The report defines the drivers of the demand for cargo and passenger traffic and highlights the most important factors. The economic situation and foreign trade of each county are elaborated on with detailed information about the flows of traffic between the five ports. Based on expert interviews, the main characteristics of each port, including strengths and weaknesses, are presented. The report is based on primary and secondary data. Primary data was received through interviews and mail surveys. Secondary data was attained through a literature research, statistics, data given by the PENTA ports and webpages. The report is divided into two main parts: the drivers creating the demand for transport and the results of current cargo and passenger flows between PENTA ports.

The Present State and Future Prospects of a Manpower Pool as Part of Project Business

This research focused on operation of a manpower pool within a service business unit in Company X and aimed to identify how the operation should be improved in order to get most out of it concerning the future prospects of the service business unit. This was done by analyzing the current state of the manpower pool related operations in means of project business, project management and business models. The objective was to deepen the understanding and to highlight possible areas of improvement. The research was conducted as a qualitative single-case study utilizing also an action research method; the research approach was a combination of conceptual, action-oriented and constructive approaches. The primary data was collected with executing a comprehensive literature review and semi-structured theme interviews. The main results described how the manpower pool operates as part of the service business unit in project business by participating in different types of delivery projects; process flows for the project types were mapped. Project management was analyzed especially from the resource management point of view, and an Excel-based skills analysis model was constructed for this purpose. Utilization of operational business models was also studied to define strategic direction for development activities. The results were benchmarked against two competitors in order to specify lessons to be learnt from their use of operational business models.

Palveluasumisen markkinapotentiaali Suomessa asuvien venäjänkielisten ikäihmisten keskuudessa - Analyysi markkinoista ja kuluttajakäyttäytymisestä

Tutkimus on toimeksianto Yritykseltä X, joka halusi selvitettävän, millaista markkinapotentiaalia on nähtävissä ikäihmisten palveluasumisessa Suomessa asuville venäjänkielisille. Markkinoiden analysoinnin lisäksi tutkimuksessa on selvitetty kohderyhmän kuluttajakäyttäytymistä ja ostokykyä. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena ei ole antaa toimeksiantajalle valmista investointipäätöstä, vaan tuoda tietoa markkinoista ja kohderyhmästä päätöksenteon tueksi. Käytössä on ollut neljä empiiristä aineistoa. Primääriaineistona ovat asiantuntija¬haastattelut sekä kyselyt Yrityksen X venäjänkielisille työntekijöille ja maksaja-asiakkaille – eli kuntien ja sairaanhoitopiirien edustajille. Sekundääriaineistona on joukko suomalaisten Venäjä-asiantuntijoiden viime vuosien tutkimuksia. Pro gradun teoriaosuus on tiivis. Teorian on auttanut kirjoittajaa tarkastelemaan palveluasumisen markkinoita kansainvälisellä vivahteella sekä suomalaisittain uuden kuluttajaryhmän kuluttajakäyttäytymistä ja ostokykyä. Suomessa asuvia venäjänkielisiä ikäihmisiä ei ole aikaisemmassa tutkimuksessa tarkasteltu omana kohderyhmänään, mutta heistä on tehty paljon yhteiskunnallista tutkimusta. Tätä on hyödynnetty muun muassa tarkasteltaessa kohderyhmän kulttuurisia piirteitä, sosiaalisia tapoja, kieltä ja uskontoa. Suomessa asuvista venäjänkielisistä ikäihmistä ei voi puhua yhtenäisenä ryhmänä. Osa yli 65-vuotiaista on suomen kielen taitoisia ja työssään menestyneitä, mutta monen maahanmuuttajan sosiaalinen asema laski heidän muuttaessaan Suomeen. Neuvostoliitossa asuneet ovat tottuneet niukkoihin olosuhteisiin, siihen että samassa taloudessa asui jopa kolme sukupolvea, ja että perhe piti huolta yhteiskunnan tuen ollessa niukkaa. Vaikka venäläisessä kulttuurissa vanhainkodeilla on huono maine, voidaan Suomessa asuvien ikäihmisten keskuudessa nähdä positiivista suhtautumista palveluasumista ja suomalaisia julkispalveluja kohtaan. Mikäli Yritys X rakentaa yksikön Lappeenrantaan, kannattaa potentiaalisina asiakkaina nähdä myös venäläiset terveysmatkailijat ja suunnitella palvelutarjonta laajemmin kuin vain Suomessa asuville venäjänkielisille. Mikäli yksikkö tulee Helsinkiin, on kilpailijana ortodokseille ja venäjänkielisille vanhuksille tarkoitettu Helenan vanhainkoti.

Russia’s WTO membership and its effects on global wood sourcing

The aim of the thesis was to find the effects of World Trade Organization and economic integration on the wood sourcing process from Russia to Finland and to the European Union. Also, the fo reign direct investments to Russian forest industry are studied within the WTO and Economic integration framework. Qualitative interviews were carried out as primary data (total of 5 interviews). Research studies and articles regarding the same subject were used as secondary data. Results show that companies may increase their volumes of imported timber from Russia due to the reduction of custom tariffs. Russian companies are becoming more productive, but there are still several problems with legislation, infrastructure, availability and harvesting profitability in some areas. These suggest that sourcing process may not be profitable in the future. The Russian forest industry sector will not gain significant foreign direct investments in the recent years because of the infrastructure and overall atmosphere of investments. Forest industry is not seen as profitable enough. The demand for cellulose and paper in Russia is not increasing fast enough and the cost inflation is cutting the profits made from producing in Russia.

Brand Communication Strategy of E-commerce SMEs in Chinese Cosmetics Market

This study concentrates on how to develop a brand communication strategy for ecommerce SMEs in Chinese cosmetic market with new media channels. This study is a qualitative research. Data collection consists of primary data and secondary data. Primary data is from the case company’s websites, observation of benchmarked companies and observation of the case company. Secondary data will be collected from relevant websites and reliable databases. In order to explore the research questions, comparative benchmarking was conducted to develop brand communication strategy for case company April. The results of the study illustrate that e-commerce SMEs have to consider brand positioning strategy, brand awareness strategy, brand attitude strategy, brand media strategy and the brand benefits as well to develop brand communication strategy.

Developing Service-based Solutions for Water Treatment in Finnish Mining Industry

The aim of this master’s thesis is to analyze the mining industry customers' current and future needs for the water treatment services and discover new business development opportunities in the context of mine water treatment. In addition, the study focuses on specifying service offerings needed and evaluate suitable revenue generation models for them. The main research question of the study is: What kind of service needs related to water treatment can be identified in the Finnish mining industry? The literature examined in the study focused on industrial service classification and new service development process as well as the revenue generation of services. A qualitative research approach employing a case study method was chosen for the study. The present study uses customer and expert interviews as primary data source, complemented by archival data. The primary data was gathered by organizing total of 13 interviews, and the interviews were analyzed by using qualitative content analysis. The abductive-logic was chosen as the way of conducting scientific reasoning in this study. As a result, new service proposals were developed for Finnish mine industry suppliers. The main areas of development were on asset efficiency services and process support services. The service needs were strongly associated with suppliers’ know-how of water treatment process optimization, cost-effectiveness as well as on alternative technologies. The study provides an insight for managers that wish to pursue a water treatment services as a part of their business offering.

Licensing Model Development for Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) - Focusing on the Finnish Regulatory Framework

Recently, Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) have attracted increased public discussion. While large nuclear power plant new build projects are facing challenges, the focus of attention is turning to small modular reactors. One particular project challenge arises in the area of nuclear licensing, which plays a significant role in new build projects affecting their quality as well as costs and schedules. This dissertation - positioned in the field of nuclear engineering but also with a significant section in the field of systems engineering - examines the nuclear licensing processes and their suitability for the characteristics of SMRs. The study investigates the licensing processes in selected countries, as well as other safety critical industry fields. Viewing the licensing processes and their separate licensing steps in terms of SMRs, the study adopts two different analysis theories for review and comparison. The primary data consists of a literature review, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaire responses concerning licensing processes and practices. The result of the study is a recommendation for a new, optimized licensing process for SMRs. The most important SMR-specific feature, in terms of licensing, is the modularity of the design. Here the modularity indicates multi-module SMR designs, which creates new challenges in the licensing process. As this study focuses on Finland, the main features of the new licensing process are adapted to the current Finnish licensing process, aiming to achieve the main benefits with minimal modifications to the current process. The application of the new licensing process is developed using Systems Engineering, Requirements Management, and Project Management practices and tools. Nuclear licensing includes a large amount of data and documentation which needs to be managed in a suitable manner throughout the new build project and then during the whole life cycle of the nuclear power plant. To enable a smooth licensing process and therefore ensure the success of the new build nuclear power plant project, management processes and practices play a significant role. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of how licensing processes are structured and how they are put into action in practice. The findings clarify the suitability of different licensing processes and their selected licensing steps for SMR licensing. The results combine the most suitable licensing steps into a new licensing process for SMRs. The results are also extended to the concept of licensing management practices and tools.

Key factors in transforming university internationalization into commercial activity in Finland. Case of University of Turku

Globalization, developments in ICT, emergence of knowledge society and other changes have reformed the environment for international higher education during the past few decades. Consequently, higher education sector has moved towards more marketing-oriented system, and universities have started to undertake commercial activities as part of their internationalization. This development has emerged to Finland as well, which forms the basis for this study. The purpose is to examine commercialization in Finnish university landscape and to investigate the ways Finnish university could capitalize its international activities and educational knowledge for export. The research question of the study is: What are the key factors in transforming university internationalization into commercial activity in the Finnish university landscape? The main problem is further divided into three sub-questions: 1) How can a university internationalize; 2) what are the motivational factors behind university internationalization and commercialization; and 3) how can higher education be developed into export services and products? The research was conducted as a qualitative case study of University of Turku. Methods used for gathering and examining data were interviewing and document analysis. Primary data was collected through four individual semi-structured interviews, which were conducted face-to-face. Secondary data that included reports, articles and electronic materials such as university web pages, was used to complement the primary data. The results were analyzed by theming the data into three broader categories of internationalization activities; drivers and motivations and; education export activities. After the data was organized in themes, analysis continued by comparing different parts of data and finding patterns that would explain the phenomenon in Finnish universities. According to the empirical data, University of Turku is currently on the growth state of internationalization with strategies such as internationalization of curriculum, establishment of international research groups, mobility of students and academics, international networking and support services. Commercialization phenomenon is still rather new to the case university, but it has already developed educational products and services for export. The study concludes that university internationalization cannot be directly transformed into commercial activities in the Finnish context, but the universities need to be active in actually creating educational products. The key factors found in this study include: 1) the Finnish government policies behind the current hype of export education; 2) the potential and knowledge capacity of universities for exports; 3) need for additional profits; 4) further internationalization through commercial activities; 5) recognizing and exploiting the specific areas of strength and 6) establishing of cooperative partnerships for better products.

Challenges in managing large-scale agile software development transformation

Adapting and scaling up agile concepts, which are characterized by iterative, self-directed, customer value focused methods, may not be a simple endeavor. This thesis concentrates on studying challenges in a large-scale agile software development transformation in order to enhance understanding and bring insight into the underlying factors for such emerging challenges. This topic is approached through understanding the concepts of agility and different methods compared to traditional plan-driven processes, complex adaptive theory and the impact of organizational culture on agile transformational efforts. The empirical part was conducted by a qualitative case study approach. The internationally operating software development case organization had a year of experience of an agile transformation effort during it had also undergone organizational realignment efforts. The primary data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews supported by participatory observation. As a result the identified challenges were categorized under four broad themes: organizational, management, team dynamics and process related. The identified challenges indicate that agility is a multifaceted concept. Agile practices may bring visibility in issues of which many are embedded in the organizational culture or in the management style. Viewing software development as a complex adaptive system could facilitate understanding of the underpinning philosophy and eventually solving the issues: interactions are more important than processes and solving a complex problem, such a novel software development, requires constant feedback and adaptation to changing requirements. Furthermore, an agile implementation seems to be unique in nature, and agents engaged in the interaction are the pivotal part of the success of achieving agility. In case agility is not a strategic choice for whole organization, it seems additional issues may arise due to different ways of working in different parts of an organization. Lastly, detailed suggestions to mitigate the challenges of the case organization are provided.

Supplier codes of conduct: Acting responsibly in global supply chains

Nowadays the Western companies are considered responsible for the social and environmental issues in their whole supply chains. To influence the practices of their suppliers the Western companies have created suppliers codes of conduct (SCCs) which express their requirements. Suppliers’ compliance with the SCCs is checked through audits. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze SCCs as a means for Western companies to ensure socially and environmentally responsible actions in their global supply chains, and the sub-objectives are to find out 1) how well do the SCCs and their auditing work at suppliers’ production sites and 2) how can possible problems related to SCCs and their auditing be solved. This is a qualitative research carried out in the form of a case study with two case companies. In this study both primary and secondary data is used. The primary data is collected in the form of interviews of the case company representatives and three external experts. Based on a theoretical framework of previous research in the fields of corporate social responsibility and supply chain management, a model with eleven factors, which influence the success of SCC implementation and the auditing of SCC –implementation, is drafted. Also several different best-practices to help to solve and avoid possible problems related to SCC -implementation and auditing have been identified from previous research. Based on the findings of this study the theoretical model has been updated adding two new influential factors. It seems that how well the SCC and its auditing work at suppliers’ production sites depends on the joint effect of thirteen influential factors: buyer’s purchasing policy, supplier’s motivation, buyer’s commitment, the solving of agency problems, the contents of the SCC, supplier’s role and the buyer-supplier –relationship, complexity of supply chain, the limitations of the smaller buyers, cooperation through a business association or multi-stakeholder system, the role of supplier’s employees, SCC –related communication and supplier’s understanding, cheating in audits and the auditors. The possible problems related to SCCs and their auditing can be solved by adopting best-practices. Nine of the theoretical best-practices stand out from the findings of this study: 1) two-way communication and collecting feedback from suppliers, 2) the philosophy of continuous improvement, 3) long-term business relationships with the supplier, 4) informing the supplier about the advantages of SCC –compliance, 5) rewarding code-compliant suppliers, 6) building collaborative, good buyer-supplier relationships, 7) supporting and advising the supplier, 8) joining a business association or multi-stakeholder system and 9) interviewing supplier’s employees as a part of the audits.