Patrón del comportamiento alimentario en escolares

[ES] En la edad escolar se adquieren los hábitos alimentarios que se seguirán, probablemente, durante gran parte de la vida. Objetivos: Conocer y valorar cualitativa y cuantitativamente la dieta semanal de un grupo de escolares y observar las diferencias de ingesta en los días escolares y los del fin de semana. El consumo en raciones de alimentos es más adecuado en los niños con normopeso y en los días escolares. Es precisa una educación nutricional de los niños y su entorno.

Diferencias sexuales en la cantidad y distribución de grasa corporal en universitarios de la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca

[ES] Se ha estudiado la relación entre la cantidad de grasa corporal y su patrón de distribución en 159 varones y 390 mujeres universitarias, residentes en la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca. En los sujetos centrales, particularmente en el caso de las mujeres, se observan incrementos de los valores medios del índice de masa corporal, del índice cintura-cadera y de la adiposidad total, respecto a los periféricos.

System size dependence of associated yields in hadron-triggered jets STAR Collaboration

We present results on the system size dependence of high transverse momentum di-hadron correlations at root s(NN) = 200 GeV as measured by STAR at RHIC. Measurements in d + Au, Cu + Cu and Au + Au collisions reveal similar jet-like near-side correlation yields (correlations at small angular separation Delta phi similar to 0, Delta eta similar to 0) for all systems and centralities. Previous measurements have shown Chat the away-side (Delta phi similar to pi) yield is suppressed in heavy-ion collisions. We present measurements of the away-side Suppression as a function of transverse momentum and centrality in Cu + Cu and Au + Au collisions. The suppression is found to be similar in Cu + Cu and An + An collisions at a similar number of participants. The results are compared to theoretical calculations based on the patron quenching model and the modified fragmentation model. The observed differences between data and theory indicate that the correlated yields presented here will further constrain dynamic energy loss models and provide information about the dynamic density profile in heavy-ion collisions. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Biblioteka Uniwersytecka w Poznaniu w Web 2.0 - rozwój przyjaznej komunikacji cyfrowej i wynikające z niej korzyści

Poster pokazuje metody komunikacji z czytelnikiem stosowane w Bibliotece Uniwersyteckiej w Poznaniu w technologii mediów cyfrowych. Cyfrowe narzędzia komunikacji stały się bardzo pomocne, niemal niezbędne w pozyskiwaniu nowych czytelników, podtrzymywaniu i rozwijaniu współpracy w społeczności w sieci Web.2.0, zarówno tej globalnej, jak i lokalnej akademickiej. Strona WWW jako statyczna komunikacyjnie jest wspierana przez fora dyskusyjne, chaty, wideokonferencje, warsztaty informacyjne, które są prowadzone w czasie rzeczywistym. Twórczą siłę relacji społecznych z biblioteką rozwinęły interaktywne serwisy społecznościowe (Facebook) oraz komunikatory internetowe integrowane na platformie Ask a Librarian. Biblioteka stała się Biblioteką 2.0 ukierunkowaną na komunikację z czytelnikiem. Aktywne uczestnictwo i udział czytelników przy tworzeniu zasobów naukowych wdrożyliśmy w projekcie instytucjonalnego repozytorium - Adam Mickiewicz Repository (AMUR). Biblioteka zmienia się dla czytelników i z czytelnikami. Wykorzystywane platformy i serwisy społecznościowe dostarczają unikatowych danych o nowych potrzebach informacyjnych i oczekiwaniach docelowego Patrona 2.0, co skutkuje doskonaleniu usług istniejących i tworzeniu nowych. Biblioteka monitoruje usługi i potrzeby czytelników przez prowadzone badania społeczne. Technologie cyfrowe stosowane w komunikacji sprawiają, iż biblioteka staje się bliższa, bardziej dostępna, aby stać się w rezultacie partnerem dla stałych i nowych czytelników. Biblioteka Uniwersytecka w Poznaniu bierze udział w programach europejskich w zakresie katalogowania i digitalizacji zasobu biblioteki cyfrowej WBC, w zakresie wdrożenia nowych technologii i rozwiązań podnoszących jakość usług bibliotecznych, działalności kulturotwórczej (Poznańska Dyskusyjna Akademia Kominksu, deBiUty) i edukacji informacyjnej. Biblioteka Uniwersytecka w Poznaniu jest członkiem organizacji międzynarodowych: LIBER (Liga Europejskich Bibliotek Naukowych), IAML (Stowarzyszenie Bibliotek Muzycznych, Archiwów i Ośrodków Dokumentacji), CERL - Europejskie Konsorcjum Bibliotek Naukowych.

Herod Wielki i „nowa” Jerozolima

Summary: Herod the Great (73-4 B.C.E.) was a Roman client king of the small Jewish state Judaea in the last three decades before the common era. An essential aspect of Herod's reign was his role as a builder. Remarkably innovative, he created an astonishing record of architectural achievement, not only in Judaea but also throughout Greece and the Roman East. Herod’s own inclinations caused him to engage in a building program that paralleled that of his patron, Augustus. The most famous and ambitious project was the expansion of Jerusalem and rebuilding of the Second Temple. Josephus Flavius, a 1st-century Jewish historian, in his descriptions of the visual structure of Jerusalem delivers the picture of the Jewish society in the latter Second Temple Judaea, who were fundamentally antagonistic toward images. For Josephus, Roman iconography, such as Herod’s eagle from the Jerusalem Temple, represents not only political domination but also an unambiguous religious abomination. Visual conservatism in the public realm finds important verification in the excavated remains of Jerusalem’s Temple Mount and the Herodian Quarter (Upper City). Geometric patterns and forms predominate on the floor mosaic, stone furniture, in architectural detail and funerary remains. No human imagery is present in the Jewish context. However, Herodian structures in Jerusalem reflect the architectural and visual vocabulary of their time which contains popular elements of Roman domination in the ancient world.

Peace and Peacemaking in Paul Against the Backdrop of Greco-Roman Conceptions of Peace

Peace in the ancient world has been studied primarily from the perspective of pacifism and questions related to war and peace. This study employs a socio-historical method to determine how peace was understood in itself, not just with respect to war. It demonstrates that the Greco-Roman world viewed peace as brief periods of tranquility in an existence where conflict was the norm, while Paul regarded peace as the norm and conflict as an intrusive aberration. Through a historical and literary survey of Greco-Roman thought and culture, this study shows that myth, legend, religion, education, philosophy, and science created and perpetuated the idea that conflict was necessary for existence. Wars were fought to attain peace, which meant periods of calm, quiet, and security with respect to the gods, one's inner self, nature, others who are insiders, and others who are outsiders. Despite the desirability of peace, genuine peace was seldom experienced, and even then, only briefly, as underlying enmity persisted without resolution. While Paul supports the prevailing conception of peace as tranquility and felicity in relation to God, self, nature, and others, he differs as to the origin, attainment, and maintenance of peace. In Paul, peace originates in God and is graciously given to those who are justified and reconciled to God through Jesus Christ. God removes the enmity caused by sin and provides the indwelling Spirit to empower believers to think and behave in ways that promote and maintain peace. This study also examines how three social dynamics (honor-shame, patron-client, friendship-enmity) affect Paul's approach to conflict resolution with Philemon and Onesimus, Euodia and Syntyche, believers who are prosecuting one another in civil courts, and Peter. Rather than giving specific procedures for resolving conflict, Paul reinforces the believer's new identity in Christ and the implications of God's grace, love, and peace upon their thoughts, words, and behavior toward one another. Paul uses these three social dynamics to encourage believers in the right direction, but their ultimate accountability is to God. The study concludes with four strategic principles for educating the church and developing an atmosphere and attitude within the church for peacemaking.

An Irish apostle: articulating and actualising apostolicity in the early Irish church

This thesis examines the earliest extant Latin Lives of Brigit and Patrick; Cogitosus’s Vita Brigidae and Muirchú’s Vita Patricii as evidence for a seventh-century debate on Irish apostolicity. While often dismissed as mere propaganda, this thesis shows they are highly sophisticated demonstrations of the continuing connection that Kildare and Armagh had to their patron saints and their authority. It examines the importance of this connection for concepts of ecclesiastical organisation, teaching authority and episcopal succession against the backdrop of the seventh-century Easter question in the Insular Church. This will show that apostolicity was considered to be intrinsically linked with orthodoxy and universality. A textual focus brings forth general patristic themes and ideas that Irish hagiographers evoked through specific words and phrases. The thesis contextualises hagiographical material using evidence from Hiberno-Latin and early Insular exegetical commentaries, referring to major patristic exegetes such as Origen, Jerome, Augustine, and Gregory the Great as support. The introduction discusses the importance of apostolic ideology for the seventh-century Irish Church, and outlines a methodology for examining such abstract themes. The first chapter looks at how developments in apostolic ideology led to ideas of apostolic primacy seen in the Insular material. Chapters two, three, and four examine metaphors of food and feeding, the fountain and the stream, and the head and the body, as significant articulations of apostolicity. Chapter five examines how corporeal relics were understood as the visible proof of this continuity and preserved a saint’s authority for their episcopal heirs. Chapter six looks at how Muirchú engaged with Patrick’s connection to the universal Church and his self-professed lack of disciplina to reconcile his apostolicity with seventh-century norms. Chapter seven places the issues considered thus far in a thoroughly Insular context by examining how the earliest English sources present the Irish legacy in Northumbria after the synod of Whitby. Chapter eight looks at how the text of Patrick’s Confessio in the Book of Armagh relates to a wider seventh-century campaign by Armagh to rehabilitate Patrick’s apostolicity. The conclusion briefly summarizes the thesis, and suggests further avenues for researching this topic in the Insular material

Reading Lydgate's Troy Book: patronage, politics, and history in Lancastrian England

This thesis, Reading Lydgate's Troy Book: Patronage, Politics and History in Lancastrian England, discusses the relationship between John Lydgate as a court poet to his patron Henry V. I contend that the Troy Book is explored as a vehicle to propagate the idea that the House of Lancaster is the legitimate successor to King Richard II in order to smooth over the usurpation of 1399. Paul Strohm's England's Empty Throne was a key influence to the approach of this thesis' topic. I examine that although Chaucer had a definitive impact on Lydgate's writing, Lydgate is able to manipulate this influence for his own ambitions. In order to enhance his own fame, Lydgate works to promote Chaucer's canon so that as Chaucer's successor, he will inherit more prestige. The Trojan war is seen in context with the Hundred Years War, and can be applied contextually to political events. Lydgate presents characters that are vulnerable to human failings, and their assorted, complicated relationships. Lydgate modernises the Troy Book to reflect and enhance his Lancastrian society, and the thesis gives a contextual view of Lydgate's writing of the Troy Book. Lydgate writes for a more varied target audience than his thirteenth-century source, Guido delle Colonne, and there is a deliberation on the female characters of the Troy Book which promulgates the theory that Lydgate takes a proactive and empathetic interest in women's roles in society. Furthermore Lydgate has never really been accepted as a humanist, and I look at Lydgate's work from a different angle; he is a self-germinating humanist. Lydgate revives antiquity to educate his fifteenth-century audience, and his ambition is to create a memorial for his patron in the vernacular, and enhance his own fame as a poet separate from Chaucer's shadow.

Afro-Cuban Bata Drum Aesthetics: Developing Individual and Group Technique, Sound and Identity

The Lucumi religion (also Santeria and Regla de Ocha) developed in 19th-century colonial Cuba, by syncretizing elements of Catholicism with the Yoruba worship of orisha. When fully initiated, santeros (priests) actively participate in religious ceremonies by periodically being possessed or "mounted" by a patron saint or orisha, usually within the context of a drumming ritual, known as a toque de santo, bembe, or tambor. Within these rituals, there is a clearly defined goal of trance possession, though its manifestation is not the sole measure of success or failure. Rather than focusing on the fleeting, exciting moments that immediately precede the arrival of an orisha in the form of a possession trance, this thesis investigates the entire four- to six-hour musical performance that is central to the ceremony. It examines the brief pauses, the moments of reduced intensity, the slow but deliberate build-ups of energy and excitement, and even the periods when novices are invited to perform the sacred bata drums, and places these moments on an equal footing with the more dynamic periods where possession is imminent or in progress. This document approaches Lucumi ritual from the viewpoint of bata drummers, ritual specialists who, during the course of a toque de santo, exercise wide latitude in determining the shape of the event. Known as omo Ana (children of the orisha Ana who is manifest in drums and rhythms), bata drummers comprise a fraternity that is accessible only through ritual initiation. Though they are sensitive to the desires of the many participants during a toque de santo, and indeed make their living by satisfying the expectations of their hosts, many of the drummers' activities are inwardly focused on the cultivation and preservation of this fraternity. Occasionally interfering with spirit possession, and other expectations of the participants, these aberrant activities include teaching and learning, developing group identity or signature sound, and achieving a state of intimacy among the musicians known as "communitas."

El conjunto de azulejos nazaríes de principios del siglo XV del Museo Arqueológico de Córdoba

En este trabajo se analiza la iconografía y se concreta la datación y el origen del conjunto de treinta y cinco azulejos nazaríes decorados en cobalto y reflejo metálico procedentes de la que hemos identificado como capilla de Santiago en la antigua iglesia de San Bartolomé, erigida en la Judería de Córdoba tras el asalto de 1391. Se plantea, asimismo, que Diego Fernández Abencaçin, judeoconverso y alfaqueque mayor del rey y presumiblemente el comitente de la capilla funeraria, fue quien adquirió los azulejos. Hasta ahora, la única interpretación de las escenas figuradas que los decoran apuntaba a una supuesta representación de alegorías de los sentidos; no obstante, la comparación con ejemplos paralelos, el estudio de la indumentaria de los personajes y el estilo nos lleva a identificarlas como materialización de los gustos y aficiones de las clases privilegiadas a comienzos del s. XV: el amor cortés, la caza, la fauna, los ministriles –especialmente el ciego acompañado de lazarillo–, las danzarinas y los catadores de vino; costumbres que el alfaqueque conoció durante sus estancias en la corte y en el desempeño de sus obligaciones, no sólo como redentor de cautivos cristianos, sino como trujimán y enviado del infante don Fernando –futuro rey de Aragón– durante la campaña de Antequera ante la corte nazarita de Granada y en las treguas posteriorment e firmadas con Yusuf III, lo que ha posibilitado concretar la datación de los azulejos entre 1410 y 1415.

Coelum non animum muto? Milton's Neo-Latin Poetry and Catholic Italy

Milton’s Elegiarum Liber, the first half of his Poemata published in Poems of Mr John Milton Both English and Latin (1645), concludes with a series of eight Latin epigrams: five bitterly anti-Catholic pieces on the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605, followed by three encomiastic poems hymning the praises of an Italian soprano, Leonora Baroni, singing in Catholic Rome. The disparity in terms of subject matter and tone is self-evident yet surprising in an epigrammatic series that runs sequentially. Whereas the gunpowder epigrams denigrate Rome, the Leonora epigrams present the city as a cultured hub of inclusivity, the welcome host of a Neapolitan soprano. In providing the setting for a human song that both enthrals its audience and attests to the presence of a divine power, Rome now epitomizes something other than brute idolatry, clerical habit or doctrine. And for the poet this facilitates an interrogation of theological (especially Catholic) doctrines. Coelum non animum muto, dum trans mare curro wrote the homeward-bound Milton in the autograph book of Camillo Cardoini at Geneva on 10 June 1639. But that this was an animus that could indeed acclimatize to religious and cultural difference is suggested by the Latin poems which Milton “patch [ed] up” in the course of his Italian journey. Central to that acclimatisation, as this chapter argues, is Milton’s quasi-Catholic self-fashioning. Thus Mansus offers a poetic autobiography of sorts, a self-inscribed vita coloured by intertextually kaleidoscopic links with two Catholic poets of Renaissance Italy and their patron; Ad Leonoram 1 both invokes and interrogates Catholic doctrine before a Catholic audience only to view the whole through the lens of a neo-Platonic hermeticism that may refreshingly transcend religious difference. Finally, Epitaphium Damonis, composed upon Milton’s return home, seems to highlight the potential interconnectedness of Protestant England and Catholic Italy, through the Anglo-Italian identity of its deceased subject, and through a pseudo-monasticism suggested by the poem’s possible engagement with the hagiography of a Catholic Saint. Perhaps continental travel and the physical encounter with the symbols, personages and institutions of the other have engendered in the Milton of the Italian journey a tolerance or, more accurately, the manipulation of a seeming tolerance to serve poetic and cultural ends.


First reviewer:
Haan: a fine piece by the senior neo-Latinist in Milton studies.

Second reviewer:
Chapter 7 is ... a high-spot of the collection. Its argument that in his Latin poetry Milton’s is a ‘quasi-Catholic self-fashioning’ stressing ‘the potential interconnectedness of Protestant England and Catholic Italy’ is striking and is advanced with learning, clarity and insight. Its sensitive exploration of the paradox of Milton’s coupling of humanistically complimentary and tolerant address to Roman Catholic friends with fiercely Protestant partisanship demonstrates that there is much greater complexity to his poetic persona than the self-construction and self-presentation of the later works would suggest. The essay is always adroit and sure-footed, often critically acute and illuminating (as, for example, in its discussion of the adjective and adverb mollis and molliter in Mansus, or in the identification in n. 99 of hitherto unnoticed Virgilian echoes). It has the added merits of being very well written, precise and apt in its citation of evidence, and absolutely central to the concerns of the volume.

Persistent luminescence of SrAl2O4:Ce(III), Dy, Eu nanotubes, nanowires and core-shells for people with disabilities: nano-emergency

Este estudo transversal está focado na propriedade de luminescência persistente do aluminato de estrôncio co-dopado com cério (III), disprósio (III) e európio (II), SrAl2O4:Ce3+, Dy3+, Eu2+, em sistemas de sinalização de áreas de risco e emergências para pessoas com deficiências. Na área da ciência e engenharia dos materiais, foram desenvolvidos novos materiais com características nanométricas, nanotubos, nanoarames e nanobastões luminescentes de SrAl2O4:Ce3+, Dy3+, Eu2+ para aplicações na área da reabilitação e acessibilidade de pessoas com deficiências. Os nanotubos foram obtidos a partir de micro- e nano-partículas precursoras sintetizadas por reacção do estado-sólido e tratamento térmico de recozedura (1273-1473 K). Os nanoarames e nanobastões foram preparados por moagem, sonificação e recozedura (373 K). Novas nanocápsulas de aluminatos luminescentes dopados com cério (III) e encapsulados com TiO2 foram criadas de modo a obter-se materiais multifuncionais, designadamente com acção fotocatalítica antimicrobiana, antibacteriana e resistência à água. Tais aluminatos podem ser amplamente aplicados como superfícies higiénicas, auto-limpantes, em biomateriais, no domínio de medicamentos antibióticos, na formulação de vacinas, e com ênfase à aplicação em cerâmicas fotoluminescentes. As metodologias de obtenção de tais nanoestruturas de aluminato de estrôncio dopado com cério (III) e do seu encapsulamento, desenvolvidas no âmbito desta tese, são aplicáveis a diversos aluminatos dopados com outros iões lantanídeos (Ln consiste em La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, Tm ou Lu) com a fórmula M(1-x-y)N2O4:Cex, Lny, onde M é Be, Mg, Ca, Sr ou Ba. Na área da oftalmologia, foi desenvolvido um equipamento médico para o diagnóstico de biofuncionalidade das células retinais fotoreceptoras, e como suporte à telemedicina oftalmológica. Este equipamento foi utilizado para realizar testes de visão cromática FM100HUE em fundo branco/preto para a personalização de materiais luminescentes. Os resultados demonstraram uma biofuncionalidade celular à visibilidade fotópica das cores em fundo preto superior no grupo de tratamento, composto por pessoas com retinopatia diabética (n=38), em comparação ao grupo de referência (n=38). Estes resultados sugerem a recomendação de materiais com fotoluminescência persistente (λem=485-555 nm), incluindo SrAl2O4:Ce3+, Dy3+, Eu2+, para o referido grupo de tratamento, em sinalização de emergência e em ambientes de baixa iluminação. Na área da arquitectura, foi proposta uma nova aplicação dos referidos nanomateriais luminescentes à base de SrAl2O4:Ce3+, Dy3+, Eu2+ em cerâmica de revestimento, tendo em vista a sua boa visibilidade e uso por pessoas com deficiências. Novos pavimentos, cerâmicos, fotoluminescentes, foram desenhados com propriedades multisensoriais (contraste táctil, sonoro e visual) e antimicrobianas, para pessoas portadoras de deficiências utilizarem, no escuro, com a prioridade de salvar vidas em emergências. Tais pisos, com relevos, podem ser combinados de modo a compor um sistema exclusivo de sinalização fotoluminescente multisensorial que possibilita a rápida evacuação mediante o uso de auxílios de mobilidade (e.g. bengala, cadeira de rodas, andadores, muletas). A solução integrada de tais inovações que potencializa a propriedade de luminescência persistente de SrAl2O4:Ce3+, Dy3+, Eu2+ de modo acessível para as pessoas com deficiências, pode contribuir para salvar vidas, no escuro, em emergências.

Implication de la prostaglandine D2 dans le contrôle du métabolisme osseux chez l'homme

Les prostaglandines sont des médiateurs lipidiques impliqués dans de nombreux processus physiologiques et pathologiques. De récentes évidences dans la littérature ainsi que de notre laboratoire ont fait ressortir le fait que la PGD2 pourrait être impliquée dans le contrôle du métabolisme osseux. Mes travaux de doctorat ont été effectués selon cette hypothèse et ont déterminé l’effet de la PGD2 sur la différenciation des cellules souches mésenchymateuses et des précurseurs ostéoclastiques, en plus d’étudier le rôle de cette prostaglandine dans la réparation des fractures chez l’homme. De plus, j’ai étudié l’internalisation et la désensibilisation des récepteurs de la PGD2, DP et CRTH2. D’un point de vue moléculaire, mes résultats démontrent un patron d’internalisation et désensibilisation différent pour les 2 récepteurs de la PGD2. Bien que la cinétique d’internalisation de ces récepteurs soit la même, l’internalisation de DP est régulée par les arrestines 2 et 3, la GRK2 et la PKC, alors que l’arrestine 3, les GRK2, 5 et 6, PKC et PKA régulent celle de CRTH2. L’internalisation de DP et CRTH2 est réduite par la co-expression de Rab4 et Rab11 respectivement, ce qui suggère des systèmes de recyclage différents. En analysant la signalisation de ces récepteurs, nous avons découvert que la GRK2 régule la signalisation de DP, alors que les 3 GRKs étudiées, soient les GRK2, 5 et 6 régulent la signalisation de CRTH2. Nous avons également démontré que les récepteurs de la PGD2 ont des effets différents sur la différenciation des CSMs humaines. En effet, la différenciation adipocytaire est augmentée de façon significative par la PGD2 et cet effet est dû à l’activation du récepteur PPAR-γ par un métabolite de la PGD2. L’activation du récepteur DP diminue l’adipogenèse alors que CRTH2 n’y joue pas de rôle significatif. Cependant, CRTH2 augmente significativement la différenciation des CSM en ostéoblastes, alors que l’activation de DP l’inhibe. Mes travaux ont montré que la PGD2 module l’ostéoclastogenèse et la résorption osseuse en abaissant l’expression de gènes impliqués dans celles-ci. En effet, les gènes NFATC1, RANK et CathK sont fortement régulés à la baisse par l’activation des récepteurs de la PGD2. Pour terminer, nous avons identifié l’axe de la PGD2 comme étant important lors du remodelage osseux chez l’homme. En comparant une cohorte de patients ayant une fracture osseuse à des contrôles, nous avons découvert que la production de PGD2 et l’expression d’une de ses synthétases sont significativement plus élevées que chez les contrôles. Parallèlement, la production de PGE2 ne diffère pas entre les groupes indiquant que l’augmentation de PGD2 n’est pas due à l’inflammation non spécifique causée par la fracture. De plus, l’augmentation de synthèse de PGD2 corrèle avec l’augmentation de la BAP, un marqueur clinique de formation osseuse. J’ai donc démontré que la PGD2, par l’entremise de l’activation de CRTH2, est un médiateur lipidique important pour la physiologie osseuse et que son activation pourrait favoriser l’anabolisme osseux.

La cornée humaine, un modèle évitant la transformation tumorale induite par les rayons ultraviolets : étude comparant la fréquence d’induction de dommages à l’ADN, leur l’efficacité de réparation ainsi que la sensibilité à la mort cellulaire induite par les rayons ultraviolets entre la cornée et l’épiderme

Bien qu’ils soient exposés tous deux aux rayons ultraviolets (UVR) solaires, cette exposition génotoxique n’entraîne pas les mêmes conséquences dans l’oeil et la peau. Le rôle des rayons UV dans l’induction et la progression des cancers cutanés est bien démontré. Ces rayons génotoxiques sont absorbés par l’ADN. Ils y induisent ainsi des changements conformationnels pouvant mener à la formation de différents dommages. On retrouve de façon prédominante la liaison de pyrimidines adjacentes en dimères cyclobutyliques de pyrimidines (CPD). Ceux-ci causent les mutations signatures responsables des cancers de la peau induits par les UVR. Cependant, aucune évidence ne démontre l’existence de cancer induit par les UVR dans la cornée. Nous avons donc tenté de découvrir les mécanismes permettant à la cornée d’éviter la transformation tumorale induite par les UVR. L’irradiation d’yeux de lapins aux rayons UVB a permis de prouver la capacité de ces rayons à induire la formation de CPD, et ce, de la cornée jusqu’au cristallin. Par la suite, l’irradiation d’yeux humains aux trois types de rayons UV (UVA, B et C) a permis d’y établir leur patron d’induction de CPD. Nous avons ainsi démontré que l’épithélium cornéen est particulièrement sensible à l’induction de CPD, tous types de rayons UV confondus. Enfin, la comparaison de la quantité de dommages présents dans des échantillons de peaux et de cornées irradiées à la même dose d’UVB a permis de démontrer que l’épithélium cornéen est 3.4 fois plus sensible à l’induction de CPD que l’épiderme. Nous avons par la suite étudié les mécanismes de réponse à ce stress. L’analyse de la viabilité cellulaire à la suite d’irradiations à différentes doses d’UVB a révélé que les cellules de la cornée et de la peau ont la même sensibilité à la mort cellulaire induite par les UVR. Nous avons alors analysé la vitesse de réparation des dommages induits par les UVR. Nos résultats démontrent que les CPD sont réparés 4 fois plus rapidement dans les cellules de la cornée que de la peau. L’analyse des protéines de reconnaissance des dommages a révélé que les cellules de la cornée possèdent plus de protéines DDB2 que les cellules de la peau, et ce, surtout liées à la chromatine. Nous avons alors tenté d’identifier la cause de cette accumulation. Nos analyses révèlent que la cornée possède une moins grande quantité d’ARNm DDB2, mais que la demi-vie de la protéine y est plus longue. Enfin, nos résultats suggèrent que l’accumulation de DDB2 dans les cellules de la cornée est entre autres due à une demi-vie plus longue de la protéine. Cette forte présence de DDB2 dans les cellules de la cornée permettrait un meilleur balayage de l’ADN, faciliterait de ce fait la détection de CPD ainsi que leur réparation et contribuerait donc à la capacité de la cornée à éviter la transformation tumorale induite par les UVR.