Occurrence, gas/particle partitioning and carcinogenic risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxygen and nitrogen containing derivatives in Xi'an, central China

29 parent- and alkyl-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 15 oxygenated-PAHs (OPAHs), 11 nitrated-PAHs (NPAHs) and 4 azaarenes (AZAs) in both the gaseous and particulate phases, as well as the particulate-bound carbon fractions (organic carbon, elemental carbon, char, and soot) in ambient air sampled in March and September 2012 from an urban site in Xi'an, central China were extracted and analyzed. The average concentrations (gaseous+particulate) of 29PAHs, 15OPAHs, 11NPAHs and 4AZAs were 1267.0±307.5, 113.8±46.1, 11.8±4.8 and 26.5±11.8ngm(-3) in March and 784.7±165.1, 67.2±9.8, 9.0±1.5 and 21.6±5.1ngm(-3) in September, respectively. Concentrations of 29PAHs, 15OPAHs and 11NPAHs in particulates were significantly correlated with those of the carbon fractions (OC, EC, char and soot). Both absorption into organic matter in particles and adsorption onto the surface of particles were important for PAHs and OPAHs in both sampling periods, with more absorption occurring in September, while absorption was always the most important process for NPAHs. The total carcinogenic risk of PAHs plus the NPAHs was higher in March. Gaseous compounds, which were not considered in most previous studies, contributed 29 to 44% of the total health risk in March and September, respectively.

Eine neue bemerkenswerte Primel aus Central-China, Primula Filchnerae

Von R. Knuth und L. Diels

North Central Madagascar, 1888 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Itinerari di due viaggi al Madagascar eseguiti dall'inge. E. Cortese nel 1887. It was published by Società geografica italiana in 1888. Scale 1:1,000,000. Covers the north central part of Madagascar. Map in Italian. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'Mercator' projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as the travel routes of Emilio Cortese, drainage, cities, towns, villages, and other human settlements, shoreline features, and more. Relief is shown by hachures and spot heights. Includes inset: Carta dell Isola di Madagascar. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection and the Harvard University Library as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Organizing Our World: Sponsored Exploration and Scientific Discovery in the Modern Age. Maps selected for the project correspond to various expeditions and represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Age model and stable isotopes of sediment cores from north-central Chile and south-central Chile

Terrigenous sediment supply, marine transport, and depositional processes along tectonically active margins are key to decoding turbidite successions as potential archives of climatic and seismic forcings. Sequence stratigraphic models predict coarse-grained sediment delivery to deep-marine sites mainly during sea-level fall and lowstand. Marine siliciclastic deposition during transgressions and highstands has been attributed to sustained connectivity between terrigenous sources and marine sinks facilitated by narrow shelves. To decipher the controls on Holocene highstand turbidite deposition, we analyzed 12 sediment cores from spatially discrete, coeval turbidite systems along the Chile margin (29° - 40°S) with changing climatic and geomorphic characteristics but uniform changes in sea level. Sediment cores from intraslope basins in north-central Chile (29° - 33°S) offshore a narrow to absent shelf record a shut-off of turbidite deposition during the Holocene due to postglacial aridification. In contrast, core sites in south-central Chile (36° - 40°S) offshore a wide shelf record frequent turbidite deposition during highstand conditions. Two core sites are linked to the Biobío river-canyon system and receive sediment directly from the river mouth. However, intraslope basins are not connected via canyons to fluvial systems but yield even higher turbidite frequencies. High sediment supply combined with a wide shelf and an undercurrent moving sediment toward the shelf edge appear to control Holocene turbidite sedimentation and distribution. Shelf undercurrents may play an important role in lateral sediment transport and supply to the deep sea and need to be accounted for in sediment-mass balances.

Where to spend the holidays : favourite resorts in North & Central Wales, the English Lake District, Scotland & Ireland.

Includes index.

Changes in spatial grain-price patterns in the United States and in the North Central region, 1946-1958 /

"Agricultural experiment stations of Alaska, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, cooperating."

The relationship between central market egg reports and producer prices in selected North Central states /

"The research on which this report is based was undertaken as part of the North Central Regional Poultry Marketing Project NCM-14."--P. [3].

A half-century of government spending. Delivered before the North Central Conference of the National Industrial Conference Board, Cleveland, Ohio, December 13, 1949.

Cover title.

The industrial utility of public water supplies in the east North-Central States, 1952,

Mode of access: Internet.