Partis Sarmatiae Europae, quae Sigismundo Augusto regi Poloniae potentissimo subiacet nova descriptio

Nimeke- ja tekijätiedot nimiönkehyksissä

[Asia et Africa]

Kartta kuuluu A. E. Nordenskiöldin kokoelmaan

Nellistä Finnaan

Timo Laineen esitys Missä mennään -webinaarissa 16.2.2016

Suomen taloussuhdanteiden kansainvälinen yhteisvaihtelu

Taloussuhdanteiden yhteisvaihtelun tutkimus on eräs taloustieteiden vanhimmista tutkimusaloista. Finanssikriisi ja euroalueen kohtaamat talousvaikeudet ovat kuitenkin nostaneet aiheen jälleen hyvin ajankohtaiseksi. Kuluneiden kahdenkymmenen vuoden aikana tutkimusalueesta on muodostunut erittäin laaja lukuisine näkökulmineen ja debatteineen. Tutkielman aiheena on Suomen taloussuhdanteiden kansainvälinen yhteisvaihtelu valittujen vertailumaiden kanssa. Vertailumaat ovat Ruotsi, Norja, Tanska, Saksa, Ranska, Iso-Britannia ja Yhdysvallat. Tutkielmaan valitut taloussuhdannetta kuvaavat muuttujat ovat reaalinen bruttokansantuote, yksityinen kokonaiskulutus ja teollisuustuotantoindeksi. Aineisto on kerätty Lappeenrannan tiedekirjaston Nelli-portaalin OECD iLibrary-tietokannasta ja se kattaa aikajakson 1960 Q1- 2014 Q4. Maakohtainen taloussuhdanne operationalisoidaan laskemalla ensimmäinen logaritminen differenssi, joka edustaa perinteistä reaalisuhdanneteoreettisen koulukunnan näkemystä taloussuhdanteesta. Tutkielman näkökulmaksi valitaan yhden maan näkökulma, joka on hieman harvinaisempi näkökulma verrattuna laajempiin alueellisiin näkökulmiin. Tutkimusmenetelminä käytetään Pearsonin korrelaatiokerrointa, Engle-Granger- sekä Johansenin yhteisintegroituvuustestejä ja VAR-GARCH-BEKK –mallilla laskettua dynaamista korrelaatiota, jotka lasketaan Suomen ja vertailumaiden välille maapareittain. Tuloksia tulkitaan suomalaisen vientiä vertailumaihin suunnittelevan yrityksen näkökulmasta. Tutkielman tulosten perusteella Engle-Grangerin menetelmällä laskettu samanaikainen yhteisintegroituvuus Suomen ja vertailumaiden välillä on epätodennäköistä. Kun yhteisintegroituvuuden annetaan riippua myös viiveistä, saadaan Johansenin menetelmällä yhteisintegroituvuus Suomen ja Yhdysvaltojen välille reaalisessa bruttokansantuotteessa, Suomen ja Saksan, Suomen ja Ranskan sekä Suomen ja Yhdysvaltojen välille yksityisessä kokonaiskulutuksessa sekä Suomen ja Norjan välille teollisuustuotantoindeksissä. Tulosten tulkintaa vaikeuttavat niiden malliriippuvuus ja informaatiokriteerien toisistaan poikkeavat mallisuositukset, joten yhteisintegroituvuus on mahdollinen myös muiden maaparien kohdalla. Dynaamisten korrelaatiokuvaajien perusteella maaparien välisen yhteisvaihtelun voimakkuus muuttuu ajan mukana. Finanssikriisin aikana kokonaistuotannossa on havaittavissa korkeampi korrelaatio, mutta korrelaatio palaa sen jälkeen perustasolleen. Kokonaiskulutuksen korrelaatio on kokonaistuotantoa alhaisempi ja pitemmissä aikajaksoissa vaihtelevaa.

Recueil d'une lettre originale et de copies de pièces.

Contient : 1 Lettre originale de « MARIE [DE MEDICIS]... à monseigneur de Breves, ambassadeur à Rome... Escript à Paris, le XXVIIIe jour de janvier 1614 » ; 2 Mémoire sur la situation des réformés « d'Avignon » ; 3 « Instruction pour obtenir de Sa Saincteté la ratification du traicté » relatif aux réformés « d'Avignon et païs de Venayssin » ; 4 Mémoire sur l'affaire des réformés d'Avignon, présenté au pape par l'ambassadeur de France. En italien ; 5 Procès-verbal de l'information faite par le Sr « Anathoille Willemot, advocat fiscal au siege d'Orgelet... sur les entreprises du Sr baron de Luz sur le conté de Bourgongne » ; 6 Lettre du Sr « DE DORTANT,... De Dortan, ce XIe jour de novembre 1609 » ; 7 Enquête du baron de Luz dans la Bresse et le Bugey ; 8 Procès-verbal de l'enquête faite par le Sr « de Paviet de Ferrieres » relativement aux menées du « conte de Chavinte, gouverneur du comté de Bourgongne » en Bresse. « Le neufiesme de novembre 1609 » ; 9 Lettre du Sr « DAMOT,... A Bourg, ce XIIme novembre 1609 » ; 10 « Lettre escripte au parlement de Dôle par le baron DE LUZ » ; 11 Bref du pape GREGOIRE XIII. « Donné à Rome, le septieme febvrier 1579 ». Traduction ; 12 Bref du pape CLEMENT VIII. « Datum Romae... die X maii M.D.CIII ». En latin ; 13 « Plaintes de ceux de la religion [d'Avignon], et des responces que l'on pourroit leur representer » ; 14 Bref du pape « Paul V » concernant les affaires d'Avignon. « Donné à Rome, 6 sept. 1613, à Sainte Marie Majour ». Deux traductions ; 15 Deux copies d'un bref du pape Paul V concernant les affaires d'Avignon. « Datum Romae... die sexta septembris 1613 ». En latin ; 16 Extraits des livres XXI et XXIII des Histoires de Paul Émile. En italien ; 17 « Articles accordez entre les solliciteurs françoys de court de Rome », pour le « remboursement de 4120 escuz... au Sr Gueffier,... A Rome, ce 22 juillet 1609 » ; 18 La même pièce en italien ; 19 Lettre de l'ambassadeur de France à Rome au pape ; 20 Traité en italien intitulé : « Che la religion christiana ha fiorito fin' da principio nella Francia, et s'è conservata nelli suoi principi et re sempre incorr etta » ; 21 Discours sur le cérémonial des « jurnées ou dietes imperialles... 1580 » ; 22 Fragment de « Nouvelles aportées par Rascalon, et la relation faicte par luy au nom du conte Palatin electeur » ; 23 « Manifeste du duc DE LORRAINE » sur la dissolution de son mariage ; 24 Lettres patentes de « LOUIS XIII », relatives à l'«assiette du douaire de la royne regente [Marie de Médicis]... Donné à Paris », le 25 juillet 1611 ; 25 « Harangue du roy de la Grande Bretagne [CHARLES Ier] aux Estats assemblez en la ville de Wessimynster » ; 26 « Harangue du garde des sceaux de la Grande Bretagne en l'assemblée des Estats, le 27 mars 1628 » ; 27 Quatre chiffres avec clefs ; 28 « Double du chiffre envoyé à monseigneur de Villeroy, en 1614 », avec clef ; 29 « Chiffre reformé pour Levant, duquel a esté envoyé un double à monseigneur de Breves, ambassadeur, en avril 1604 », avec clef ; 30 « Chiffre à monseigneur de Fresnes », avec clef

A simple interferometric method to measure the calibration factor and displacement amplification in piezoelectric flextensional actuators

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Coupling rate measurement of a novel multi-actuated piezoelectric device using optical interferometry

The class of piezoelectric actuators considered in this paper consists of a multi-flexible structure actuated by two or more piezoceramic devices that must generate different output displacements and forces at different specified points of the domain and in different directions. The devices were modeled by finite element using the software ANSYS and the topology optimization method. The following XY actuators were build to achieve maximum displacement in the X and Y directions with a minimum crosstalk between them. The actuator prototypes are composed of an aluminum structure, manufactured by using a wire Electrical Discharge Machining, which are bonded to rectangular PZT5A piezoceramic blocks by using epoxy resin. Multi-actuator piezoelectric device displacements can be measured by using optical interferometry, since it allows dynamic measurements in the kHz range, which is of the order of the first resonance frequency of these piezomechanisms. A Michelson-type interferometer, with a He-Ne laser source, is used to measure the displacement amplitudes in nanometric range. A new optical phase demodulation technique is applied, based on the properties of the triangular waveform drive voltage applied to the XY piezoelectric nanopositioner. This is a low-phase-modulation-depth-like technique that allows the rapid interferometer auto-calibration. The measurements were performed at 100 Hz frequency, and revealed that the device is linear voltage range utilized in this work. The ratio between the generated and coupled output displacements and the drive voltages is equal to 10.97 nm/V and 1.76 nm/V, respectively, which corresponds to a 16% coupling rate. © 2010 IEEE.

O currículo integrado na formação crítica do enfermeiro e seu impacto na atuação profissional

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Wide dynamic range homodyne interferometry method and its application for piezoactuator displacement measurements

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Nano-displacement measurements of a new piezoelectric flextensional actuator by using a high dynamic range interferometry homodyne method

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Analysis of linearity and frequency response of a novel piezoelectric flextensional actuator using a homodyne interferometer and the J(1)-J(4) method

Piezoelectric transducers are widely used in high-resolution positioning systems. This paper reports the experimental analysis of a novel piezoelectric flextensional actuator (PFA), which is designed by using the topology-optimization method through a low-cost homodyne Michelson interferometer. By applying the J(1) - J(4) method for signal demodulation, which provides a linear and direct measurement of dynamic optical phase shift independent of fading, the nanometric displacements of the PFA were determined. Linearity and frequency response of the PFA were evaluated up to 50 kHz. PFA calibration factor and amplification rate were determined for the PFA operating in the quasi-static regime. To confirm the observed frequencies of resonance, an impedance analyzer is also utilized to measure the magnitude and phase of the PFA admittance.

Analysis, manufacture and characterization of Ni/Cu functionally graded structures

In this work, an experimental and numerical analysis and characterization of functionally graded structures (FGSs) is developed. Nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) materials are used as basic materials in the numerical modeling and experimental characterization. For modeling, a MATLAB finite element code is developed, which allows simulation of harmonic and modal analysis considering the graded finite element formulation. For experimental characterization, Ni-Cu FGSs are manufactured by using spark plasma sintering technique. Hardness and Young's modulus are found by using microindentation and ultrasonic measurements, respectively. The effective gradation of Ni/Cu FGS is addressed by means of optical microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy and hardness testing. For the purpose of comparing modeling and experimental results, the hardness curve, along the gradation direction, is used for identifying the gradation profile; accordingly, the experimental hardness curve is used for approximating the Young's modulus variation and the graded finite element modeling is used for verification. For the first two resonance frequency values, a difference smaller than 1% between simulated and experimental results is obtained. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Influence of pattern gradation on the design of piezocomposite energy harvesting devices using topology optimization

Piezoelectric materials can be used to convert oscillatory mechanical energy into electrical energy. Energy harvesting devices are designed to capture the ambient energy surrounding the electronics and convert it into usable electrical energy. The design of energy harvesting devices is not obvious, requiring optimization procedures. This paper investigates the influence of pattern gradation using topology optimization on the design of piezocomposite energy harvesting devices based on bending behavior. The objective function consists of maximizing the electric power generated in a load resistor. A projection scheme is employed to compute the element densities from design variables and control the length scale of the material density. Examples of two-dimensional piezocomposite energy harvesting devices are presented and discussed using the proposed method. The numerical results illustrate that pattern gradation constraints help to increase the electric power generated in a load resistor and guides the problem toward a more stable solution. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Designing piezoresistive plate-based sensors with distribution of piezoresistive material using topology optimization

Piezoresistive sensors are commonly made of a piezoresistive membrane attached to a flexible substrate, a plate. They have been widely studied and used in several applications. It has been found that the size, position and geometry of the piezoresistive membrane may affect the performance of the sensors. Based on this remark, in this work, a topology optimization methodology for the design of piezoresistive plate-based sensors, for which both the piezoresistive membrane and the flexible substrate disposition can be optimized, is evaluated. Perfect coupling conditions between the substrate and the membrane based on the `layerwise' theory for laminated plates, and a material model for the piezoresistive membrane based on the solid isotropic material with penalization model, are employed. The design goal is to obtain the configuration of material that maximizes the sensor sensitivity to external loading, as well as the stiffness of the sensor to particular loads, which depend on the case (application) studied. The proposed approach is evaluated by studying two distinct examples: the optimization of an atomic force microscope probe and a pressure sensor. The results suggest that the performance of the sensors can be improved by using the proposed approach.