Status of coral reef ecosystems in a marine managed area in St. Croix, USVI [poster]

This poster presents information on the status and trends of coral reef ecosystems in St. Croix, US Virgin Islands (USVI). Data were collected by NOAA’s Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment Biogeography Branch (CCMA-BB) from 2001-2006 at 1,275 random locations in and around Buck Island Reef National Monument (BIRNM). The main objective was to quantify changes in fish species and assemblage diversity, abundance, biomass and size structure; to provide spatially explicit information on the distribution of key species or groups of species; and to compare community structure inside versus outside of BIRNM.

Characterizing Jobos Bay, Puerto Rico: a watershed modeling analysis and monitoring plan

Land-based pollution is commonly identified as a major contributor to the observed deterioration of shallow-water coral reef ecosystem health. Human activity on the coastal landscape often induces nutrient enrichment, hypoxia, harmful algal blooms, toxic contamination and other stressors that have degraded the quality of coastal waters. Coral reef ecosystems throughout Puerto Rico, including Jobos Bay, are under threat from coastal land uses such as urban development, industry and agriculture. The objectives of this report were two-fold: 1. To identify potentially harmful land use activities to the benthic habitats of Jobos Bay, and 2. To describe a monitoring plan for Jobos Bay designed to assess the impacts of conservation practices implemented on the watershed. This characterization is a component of the partnership between the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) established by the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) in Jobos Bay. CEAP is a multi-agency effort to quantify the environmental benefits of conservation practices used by private landowners participating in USDA programs. The Jobos Bay watershed, located in southeastern Puerto Rico, was selected as the first tropical CEAP Special Emphasis Watershed (SEW). Both USDA and NOAA use their respective expertise in terrestrial and marine environments to model and monitor Jobos Bay resources. This report documents NOAA activities conducted in the first year of the three-year CEAP effort in Jobos Bay. Chapter 1 provides a brief overview of the project and background information on Jobos Bay and its watershed. Chapter 2 implements NOAA’s Summit to Sea approach to summarize the existing resource conditions on the watershed and in the estuary. Summit to Sea uses a GIS-based procedure that links patterns of land use in coastal watersheds to sediment and pollutant loading predictions at the interface between terrestrial and marine environments. The outcome of Summit to Sea analysis is an inventory of coastal land use and predicted pollution threats, consisting of spatial data and descriptive statistics, which allows for better management of coral reef ecosystems. Chapters 3 and 4 describe the monitoring plan to assess the ecological response to conservation practices established by USDA on the watershed. Jobos Bay is the second largest estuary in Puerto Rico, but has more than three times the shoreline of any other estuarine area on the island. It is a natural harbor protected from offshore wind and waves by a series of mangrove islands and the Punta Pozuelo peninsula. The Jobos Bay marine ecosystem includes 48 km² of mangrove, seagrass, coral reef and other habitat types that span both intertidal and subtidal areas. Mapping of Jobos Bay revealed 10 different benthic habitats of varying prevalence, and a large area of unknown bottom type covering 38% of the entire bay. Of the known benthic habitats, submerged aquatic vegetation, primarily seagrass, is the most common bottom type, covering slightly less than 30% of the bay. Mangroves are the dominant shoreline feature, while coral reefs comprise only 4% of the total benthic habitat. However, coral reefs are some of the most productive habitats found in Jobos Bay, and provide important habitat and nursery grounds for fish and invertebrates of commercial and recreational value.

Atlas of the shallow-water benthic habitats of American Samoa, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Ocean Service (NOS) initiated a coral reef research program in 1999 to map, assess, inventory, and monitor U.S. coral reef ecosystems (Monaco et al. 2001). These activities were implemented in response to requirements outlined in the Mapping Implementation Plan developed by the Mapping and Information Synthesis Working Group (MISWG) of the Coral Reef Task Force (CRTF) (MISWG 1999). As part of the MISWG of the CRTF, NOS' Biogeography Branch has been charged with the development and implementation of a plan to produce comprehensive digital coral-reef ecosystem maps for all U.S. States, Territories, and Commonwealths within five to seven years. Joint activities between Federal agencies are particularly important to map, research, monitor, manage, and restore coral reef ecosystems. In response to the Executive Order 13089 and the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, NOS is conducting research to digitally map biotic resources and coordinate a long-term monitoring program that can detect and predict change in U.S. coral reefs, and their associated habitats and biological communities. Most U.S. coral reef resources have not been digitally mapped at a scale or resolution sufficient for assessment, monitoring, and/or research to support resource management. Thus, a large portion of NOS' coral reef research activities has focused on mapping of U.S. coral reef ecosystems. The map products will provide the fundamental spatial organizing framework to implement and integrate research programs and provide the capability to effectively communicate information and results to coral reef ecosystem managers. Although the NOS coral program is relatively young, it has had tremendous success in advancing towards the goal to protect, conserve, and enhance the health of U.S. coral reef ecosystems. One objective of the program was to create benthic habitat maps to support coral reef research to enable development of products that support management needs and questions. Therefore this product was developed in collaboration with many U.S. Pacific Territory partners. An initial step in producing benthic habitat maps was the development of a habitat classification scheme. The purpose of this document is to outline the benthic habitat classification scheme and protocols used to map American Samoa, Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Thirty-two distinct benthic habitat types (i.e., four major and 14 detailed geomorphological structure classes; eight major and 18 detailed biological cover types) within eleven zones were mapped directly into a geographic information system (GIS) using visual interpretation of orthorectified IKONOS satellite imagery. Benthic features were mapped that covered an area of 263 square kilometers. In all, 281 square kilometers of unconsolidated sediment, 122 square kilometers of submerged vegetation, and 82.3 square kilometers of coral reef and colonized hardbottom were mapped.

A habitat-use model to determine essential fish habitat for juvenile brown shrimp (Farfantepenaeus aztecus) in Galveston Bay, Texas

A density prediction model for juvenile brown shrimp (Farfantepenaeus aztecus) was developed by using three bottom types, five salinity zones, and four seasons to quantify patterns of habitat use in Galveston Bay, Texas. Sixteen years of quantitative density data were used. Bottom types were vegetated marsh edge, submerged aquatic vegetation, and shallow nonvegetated bottom. Multiple regression was used to develop density estimates, and the resultant formula was then coupled with a geographical information system (GIS) to provide a spatial mosaic (map) of predicted habitat use. Results indicated that juvenile brown shrimp (<100 mm) selected vegetated habitats in salinities of 15−25 ppt and that seagrasses were selected over marsh edge where they co-occurred. Our results provide a spatially resolved estimate of high-density areas that will help designate essential fish habitat (EFH) in Galveston Bay. In addition, using this modeling technique, we were able to provide an estimate of the overall population of juvenile brown shrimp (<100 mm) in shallow water habitats within the bay of approximately 1.3 billion. Furthermore, the geographic range of the model was assessed by plotting observed (actual) versus expected (model) brown shrimp densities in three other Texas bays. Similar habitat-use patterns were observed in all three bays—each having a coefficient of determination >0.50. These results indicate that this model may have a broader geographic application and is a plausible approach in refining current EFH designations for all Gulf of Mexico estuaries with similar geomorphological and hydrological characteristics.

Operation of a free-electron laser from the extreme ultraviolet to the water window

We report results on the performance of a free-electron laser operating at a wavelength of 13.7 nm where unprecedented peak and average powers for a coherent extreme-ultraviolet radiation source have been measured. In the saturation regime, the peak energy approached 170 J for individual pulses, and the average energy per pulse reached 70 J. The pulse duration was in the region of 10 fs, and peak powers of 10 GW were achieved. At a pulse repetition frequency of 700 pulses per second, the average extreme-ultraviolet power reached 20 mW. The output beam also contained a significant contribution from odd harmonics of approximately 0.6% and 0.03% for the 3rd (4.6 nm) and the 5th (2.75 nm) harmonics, respectively. At 2.75 nm the 5th harmonic of the radiation reaches deep into the water window, a wavelength range that is crucially important for the investigation of biological samples.

Stereotactic radiosurgery as a therapeutic strategy for intracranial metastatic prostate carcinoma.

Intracranial metastatic prostate carcinoma is rare. We sought to determine the clinical outcomes after Gamma Knife® stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSRS) for patients with intracranial prostate carcinoma metastases. We studied data from 10 patients who underwent radiosurgery for 15 intracranial metastases (9 dural-based and 6 parenchymal). Six patients had radiosurgery for solitary tumors and four had multiple tumors. The primary pathology was adenocarcinoma (eight patients) and small cell carcinoma (two patients). All patients received multimodality management for their primary tumor (including resection, radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy) and eight patients had evidence of systemic disease at time of radiosurgery. The mean tumor volume was 7.7 cm3 (range 1.1-17.2 cm3) and a median margin dose of 16 Gy was administered. Two patients had progressive intracranial disease in spite of fractionated partial brain radiation therapy (PBRT) prior to SRS. A local tumor control rate of 85% was achieved (including patients receiving boost, upfront and salvage SRS). New remote brain metastases developed in three patients (33%) and one patient had repeat SRS for tumor recurrence. The median survival after radiosurgery was 13 months and the 1-year survival rate was 60%. SRS was a well tolerated and effective therapy either alone or as a boost to fractionated radiation therapy in the management of patients with intracranial prostate carcinoma metastases. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery as a Therapeutic Strategy for Intracranial Sarcomatous Metastases

Purpose: To determine the indication and outcomes for Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSRS) in the care of patients with intracranial sarcomatous metastases. Methods and Materials: Data from 21 patients who underwent radiosurgery for 60 sarcomatous intracranial metastases (54 parenchymal and 6 dural-based) were studied. Nine patients had radiosurgery for solitary tumors and 12 for multiple tumors. The primary pathology was metastatic leiomyosarcoma (4 patients), osteosarcoma (3 patients), soft-tissue sarcoma (5 patients), chondrosarcoma (2 patients), alveolar soft part sarcoma (2 patients), and rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, liposarcoma, neurofibrosarcoma, and synovial sarcoma (1 patient each). Twenty patients received multimodality management for their primary tumor, and 1 patient had no evidence of systemic disease. The mean tumor volume was 6.2 cm 3 (range, 0.07-40.9 cm 3), and a median margin dose of 16 Gy was administered. Three patients had progressive intracranial disease despite fractionated whole-brain radiotherapy before SRS. Results: A local tumor control rate of 88% was achieved (including patients receiving boost, up-front, and salvage SRS). New remote brain metastases developed in 7 patients (33%). The median survival after diagnosis of intracranial metastasis was 16 months, and the 1-year survival rate was 61%. Conclusions: Gamma Knife radiosurgery was a well-tolerated and initially effective therapy in the management of patients with sarcomatous intracranial metastases. However, many patients, including those who also received fractionated whole-brain radiotherapy, developed progressive new brain disease. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

IMRT for image-guided single vocal cord irradiation

PURPOSE: We have been developing an image-guided single vocal cord irradiation technique to treat patients with stage T1a glottic carcinoma. In the present study, we compared the dose coverage to the affected vocal cord and the dose delivered to the organs at risk using conventional, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) coplanar, and IMRT non-coplanar techniques.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: For 10 patients, conventional treatment plans using two laterally opposed wedged 6-MV photon beams were calculated in XiO (Elekta-CMS treatment planning system). An in-house IMRT/beam angle optimization algorithm was used to obtain the coplanar and non-coplanar optimized beam angles. Using these angles, the IMRT plans were generated in Monaco (IMRT treatment planning system, Elekta-CMS) with the implemented Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm. The organs at risk included the contralateral vocal cord, arytenoids, swallowing muscles, carotid arteries, and spinal cord. The prescription dose was 66 Gy in 33 fractions.

RESULTS: For the conventional plans and coplanar and non-coplanar IMRT plans, the population-averaged mean dose ± standard deviation to the planning target volume was 67 ± 1 Gy. The contralateral vocal cord dose was reduced from 66 ± 1 Gy in the conventional plans to 39 ± 8 Gy and 36 ± 6 Gy in the coplanar and non-coplanar IMRT plans, respectively. IMRT consistently reduced the doses to the other organs at risk.

CONCLUSIONS: Single vocal cord irradiation with IMRT resulted in good target coverage and provided significant sparing of the critical structures. This has the potential to improve the quality-of-life outcomes after RT and maintain the same local control rates.

26/7/20, à l'Hôtel de Ville [de Paris], réception de M. Myron T. Herrick : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 60224

[10 lettres de divers correspondants adressées à Jules Massenet, 1886-1912]

Lettres de diverses associations et journaux, adressées à Massenet : f.1-2 : lettres de l'Association amicale et société scolaire de tir d'Egreville ; f.3-4 : lettre du Club Beethoven de Rio de Janeiro ; f.5-6 : lettres dactylogr. de la rédaction de "Comoedia", H. Desgranges (directeur), Arnaud (secrétaire) ; f.7 : lettre dactylogr. de la rédaction d' "Excelsior" ; f.8 : lettre dactylogr. sur papier de deuil de la Librairie Hachette & Cie ; f.9 : lettre du Palais de Monaco ; f. 10-11 : lettre dactylogr.de la Société Chorale Massenet ; f.12-13 : lettre de la Société néerlandaise pour l'encouragement de l'Art Musical

Recueil de traités de paix, principalement sous le règne de Louis XIII. (1574-1642).

Contient : Traités et négociations avec la Lorraine, 1594-1641 (f. 7), — avec la Savoie, 1574-1642 (f. 52), — avec Monaco, 1641 (f. 125), — avec la Catalogne, 1640-1641 (f. 131), — avec le Portugal, 1641 (f. 153) ; Traité de Monçon et pièces annexes, 1626-1628 ; Ligue de Venise, pour l'indépendance de l'Italie, 1629 ; Paix de Ratisbonne, 1630 ; Traité d'Innsbrück, entre l'Espagne et les Grisons, 1634 ; Traités de confédération entre l'Empire et l'Espagne, 1634 ; Traités entre l'Empire et la Saxe : Traités de Pirna, (f. 257), — et de Prague, 1635 (f. 262) ; Traité d'Ebersdorf, 1639

Recueil de copies de pièces.

Contient : 1 « Pouvoir de l'empereur FERDINAND III à??? Jean Louis, comte de Nassau, et Isaac Volmar, president de la chambre de la Haute Austriche, pour traicter en son nom de paix à Münster en Westphalie avec les plenipotentiaires du roy de France. A Vienne, l'an 1643, le 13/23 juin ». En latin ; 2 « Pouvoir de LOUIS XIV, roy de France, à monsieur le duc de Longueville et aux sieurs d'Avaux et de Servien, pour traicter de la paix à Münster avec les deputez plenipotentiaires de l'empereur, du roy, d'Espagne et leurs alliez. A Paris, le 20e septembre 1643 » ; 3 « Pouvoir de la part de [CHRISTINE], reyne de Suede, pour la conference de la paix à Munster... Dabantur in regia nostra Stockolmensi, die vigesima augusti anno 1641 ». En latin ; 4 « Les Differends de la France avec le roy d'Espagne touchant les places fortes que ce roy tient sur le duc de Savoie, touchant la principauté de Catalogne, qui a recogneu le roy de France pour son souverain, et pour le regard de la protection de la principauté de Monaco » ; 5 « Project des Espagnols au traicté de paix avec le roy, et les advantages qu'ils en veulent tirer » ; 6 « Congé pris par Mrs les ambassadeurs de France de Mrs les Estats de Holande en l'audiance tenue à La Haye, le 3 mars 1644 » ; 7 « Extraict de la lettre escrite au roy de Danemarc par les deputez des electeurs de Mayence, Colongne, Baviere et Saxe. A Francfort sur le Main, l'an 1644, le 19e avril » ; 8 « Lettre du roy [LOUIS-XIV] escrite à divers princes d'Alemagne, lors du voyage du sieur Stella en Alemagne... A Paris, 1644 » ; 9 « Le Demembrement d'Alemagne et la diminution de la puissance de la maison d'Austriche » ; 10 « Ce qui a esté representé par les plenipotentiaires de France à ceux des provinces unies des Pays Bas sur le traicté de trefve entre les dictes provinces et le roy d'Espagne. Faict et signé à Münster, le 1er novembre 1646 » ; 11 « Estat present de ce qui se passe à Münster, contenant les difficultez qui se rencontrent avant que de parvenir à la conference pour la paix entre la France et la Suede, d'une part, et l'empereur et le roy d'Espagne, d'autre, l'an 1644, aux mois d'aoust, de septembre et d'octobre » ; 12 « Pouvoir de [PHILIPPE IV], roy d'Espagne, à ses cinq plenipotentiaires. Du 5 janvier 1645 ». En espagnol ; 13 « Convocation des Estats de l'empire à la conference pour la paix... Monasterii Westphalorum, die vigesimo januarii 1645 ». En latin ; 14 « Points desquels les plenipotentiaires de l'empereur demeurent d'accord. A Münster, le 19e avril 1645 » ; 15 « Proposition et offres des plenipotentiaires d'Espagne à ceulx de France, pour traicter de paix avec la couronne de France. Le 21 mars 1646 » ; 16 « Sommaire de la remonstrance de la part de Charles, duc de Lorraine, et de son frere le prince François de Lorraine, evesque de Verdun, delivrée en latin aux deputez des princes et estats de l'Empire. A Münster, l'an 1646, en juillet » ; 17 « Escript portant l'obligation de faire venir de part et d'autre les pouvoirs en la forme dont on est convenu, et pour auctoriser ce qui se pourra faire pendant qu'ils viendront... Münster, a 20 novembre anno 1644 ». En italien ; 18 « Traicté de trefve entre le roy d'Espagne et les Estats generaux des Pays Bas. Faict à Münster en Westphalie et conclud le 1er novembre 1646 » ; 19 « Neutralité pour vingt neuf ans, à commencer du douzieme decembre 1610, entre le roy Louis 13 et les archiducz de Flandres, pour les duché et comté de Bourgongne et pays adjacens » ; 20 « Lettre patente, en forme de manifeste, du duc CHARLES DE LORRAINE, à ce que l'on ait esgard à ses interests au traicté de la paix generale. A Bruxelles, l'an 1646, le 10 may » ; 21 « Proposition[s] des imperiaux touchant quelques difficultez qui restent aux affaires de France, declarée[s] verbalement et reduites en un memoire par Mrs les mediateurs, en juillet 1646 ». En italien ; 22 « Le Project du traicté faict à Münster en Westphalie, l'an 1646, le 13 septembre, entre les plenipotentiaires de l'empereur Ferdinand III et ceux de Louis 14, roy de France » ; 23 « Les Noms et qualitez des mediateurs, ambassadeurs, residens et deputez pour la paix à l'assemblée de Münster et en celle d'Osnabruc, l'an 1646 ». En latin ; 24 « Declaration des plenipotentiaires de France, portant consentement d'estre signé[s] par les plenipotentiaires des Estatz des Provinces Unies les 78 articles de paix dont ils sont convenus avec ceux d'Espagne... A Münster, le 8e janvier 1647 » ; 25 « De la Convocation de tous les princes et Estats de l'empire par les ambassadeurs de France et de Suede à Münster et à Osnabruc, pour y deliberer de la paix avec l'empereur et avec les dits ambassadeurs » ; 26 « Harangue d'[ABEL] SERVIENT, faicte à Mrs les Estats generaux des provinces unies des Pays Bas, le 14 janvier 1647 » ; 27 « Resolution prise par Mrs les Estats generaux des provinces unies du Pays Bas sur le projet de la ligue garentie, le 28 juillet 1647 » ; 28 « Traicté de garentie entre la France et les provinces unies des Pays Bas, le 29 jour de juillet 1647... A La Haye en Hollande » ; 29 « Resolution prise par les Estats generaux des provinces unies du Pays Bas sur le project de la ligue garentie le 28 jour de juillet 1647 » ; 30 « Traicté de garentie entre la France et les provinces unies du Pays Bas... A La Haye en Hollande, ce 29 juillet 1647 »

La Loi monégasque de 1907 sur le divorce

[Loi. 1907]

Diferencia entre tratamientos en pacientes con angioma cavernoso del tallo cerebral en el instituto nacional de neurología y neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez

Introducción: la historia natural de la hemorragia en el tallo cerebral secundaria a un angioma cavernoso es benigna. Sin embargo, el riesgo de recurrencia y de mayor discapacidad parece incrementarse con el tiempo a pesar del tratamiento recibido; hecho que plantea dudas acerca de si el manejo quirúrgico de estas lesiones ofrece mayor beneficio sobre el manejo médico después del primer evento hemorrágico. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el riesgo de resangrado y el grado de discapacidad final en los angiomas cavernosos del tallo cerebral según el tratamiento recibido. Métodos: estudio observacional, analítico tipo cohorte. Se incluyeron pacientes con un primer sangrado en el tallo cerebral secundario a angioma cavernoso que fueron tratados en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN) de Ciudad de México. Resultados: noventa y nueve (99) pacientes fueron incluidos en un periodo de 25 años (1990-2015). Treinta y siete (37) recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico y sesenta y dos (62) recibieron tratamiento médico tras su primer sangrado. El promedio de edad fue de 38 años (DS: 14,17) para el grupo que recibió tratamiento médico y 36 años (DS: 12,82) para los que recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico. La incidencia acumulada de resangrado para el tratamiento médico fue de 5,1 por 100 años/persona y para el tratamiento quirúrgico de 3,9 por 100 años/persona (p = 0,016). Se realizó un análisis estratificado donde no se encontró ninguna asociación entre resangrado y edad o sexo del paciente. Se evaluó la discapacidad final con la escala de Rankin (mRs) sin encontrar diferencias significativas entre tratamientos (p=0.77). Por último, se realizó un modelo explicativo de regresión logística binaria donde se encontró que la edad superior a 55 años (OR: 2.19 IC 95%: 1.67-47,6), el tamaño mayor a 15 mm (OR: 2,5 IC 95%: 3,8-45,9) y la recurrencia del sangrado (OR: 1,7 IC 95%: 1,63-18,7) son factores asociados a un desenlace desfavorable en cuanto a discapacidad final. Discusión y Conclusiones: en los pacientes con angioma cavernoso del tallo cerebral que han presentado un primer evento de sangrado no se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el tratamiento médico o quirúrgico al evaluar la discapacidad funcional con la escala de Rankin modificada, a pesar de evidenciar una diferencia significativa en la incidencia acumulada de resangrado por grupos de tratamiento. El tamaño de la lesión, la recurrencia del sangrado y la edad superior a 55 años son factores asociados a un desenlace desfavorable en este grupo de pacientes.