Luminescence enhancement by blending PVK with blue PPV copolymer

The PL and EL properties of the polymer blends of PVK and blue PPV copolymer were studied. Considerable enhancement of both the photoluminescent and the electroluminescent intensity were observed by using the polymer blends as emission layer in the LED devices. The energy transfer process and the formation of exciplex in the polymer blends were also discussed.

Synthesis and enhancement of quantum efficiency of a series of novel PPV derivative copolymers

A series of novel PPV derivative copolymers with good solubility in common organic solvents were synthesized. The emitting color of these copolymers could range from red to blue by adjusting the structures and the compositions of monomers. Investigation on their optical properties showed that the PL quantum efficiency could be increased by energy transfer and conjugation reduction. The PL quantum efficiency of most green/blue copolymer films on slide glass was higher than 80%.

带有较大空阻PPV衍生物的发光特性

PPV是一种很好的电致发光材料,自从1990年首次报道PPV材料的电致发光现象以来,人们对PPV的改性做了很多的工作。如修饰PPV的侧链以改善其溶解性,达到调节其发光颜色的作用;引入电子传输基团以改善其电子、空穴注入平衡等。

Absorption and emission properties of LBL PPV films deposited on ITO electrodes

In this work we studied the properties of absorption and emission line shape of layer-by-layer (LBL) poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) on indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode. To minimize the PPV thermal conversion effects during the polymer processing, we used a less aggressive leaving group in the precursor polymer; minimizing electrode degradation. LBL ITO/PPV films showed the same absorption and emission line shape compared with LBL PPV films deposited on non-metallic substrates (glass). With this analysis we indirectly observe the decrease in the ITO degradation. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique was used to analyze quantitatively the microscopic morphology of the film surface. Results indicated that the substrate topology is not affected, to a large extent, by the use of dodecylbenzensulfonate (DBS) ion. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The influence of preparation method of OC1OC6-PPV films on the photo-oxidation process

Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) derivatives are well known for their applications in polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs). PPV derivatives are highly susceptible to photo-oxidation though, which is mainly caused by the scission of the vinyl double bond on the polymer backbone. In this work, we show that Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films are less degraded than cast films of a PPV derivative (OC1OC6-PPV). Both films had similar thickness (similar to 50 nm) to allow for a more realistic comparison. Degradation was monitored with UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopies. The results indicated that cast films were completely degraded in ca. 400 min, while LB took longer time, i.e. about four times the values for the cast films. The differences can be attributed to the more compact morphology in the LB than in the cast films. With a compact morphology the diffusion of oxygen in the LB film is hampered and this causes a delay in the degradation process. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of poly [(2-methoxy,5-n-octadecyl)-p-phenylenevinylene] (OC1OC18-PPV)

A PPV derivative, poly(2-methoxy,5-(n-octadecyl)-p-phenylenevinylene) (OC1OC18-PPV), has been synthesized via the Gilch route and used to fabricate Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. True monomolecular films were formed at the air/water interface, which were successfully transferred onto different types of substrate. Using UV-visible absorption, FTIR, fluorescence and Raman scattering spectroscopies we observed that the polymer molecules were randomly distributed in the LB film, with no detectable anisotropy. This is in contrast to the anisotropic LB films of a previously reported PPV derivative, poly(2-methoxy-5-n-hexyloxy)-p-phenylenevinylene (OC1OC6-PPV), which is surprising because the longer chain of OC1OC18-PPV investigated here was expected to lead to more ordered films. As a consequence of the lack of order, LB films of OC1OC18-PPV exhibit lower photoconductivity and require higher operating voltage in a polymer light-emitting diode (PLED) in comparison with LB films of OC1OC6-PPV. This result confirms the importance of molecular organization in the LB film to obtain efficient PLEDs. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Incorporation of a liquid crystal to enhance the luminescence properties of Langmuir-Blodgett films of OC1OC6-PPV

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Surface morphology and optical characterization of OC1 OC6-PPV films

We report optical and morphological properties of poly(2-methoxy-5-hexyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene) (OC1OC6-PPV) films processed by casting, spin-coating (SC) and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) techniques. The absorption spectra are practically the same, with an absorption maximum at approximately at 500 nm. For the photoluminescence (PL) spectra at low temperature (T=10K), a small but significant difference was noted in the cast film, in comparison with the LB and SC films. The zero-phonon transition shifted from 609 nm for the LB film to 615 and 621 nm for the SC and cast films, respectively. At room temperature, the PL spectra are similar for all films, and blue shifted by ca. 25 nm in comparison with the spectra at low temperature due to thermal disorder. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) we inferred that the distinctive behavior of the cast film, probably associated with structural defects, is related to the large thickness of this film. The surface roughness, which was surprisingly higher for the LB film, apparently played no role in the emission properties of OC1OC6-PPV films.

Photoconductivity excitation spectrum for stretch-oriented PPV

We have obtained the photoconductivity (PC) excitation spectrum for a stretch-oriented poly(paraphenylene vinylene) film over a wide spectral range (up to 5 eV). The measurements were performed in the surface cell configuration with the electric field parallel or perpendicular to the stretch direction. Although the sample had a stretch ratio of similar to 4, the dark conductivity and the steady-state photoconductivity were both about 40 and 20 times higher with the electric field parallel to the average chain direction, respectively. However, the shape of the PC excitation spectrum was independent of field direction and did not show a significant rise in the ultraviolet, as is usually observed for measurements in the photodiode configuration. The implications of these results to the charge photogeneration mechanism in conjugated polymers are discussed.

Spectral redistribution of waveguided emission in BEH-PPV films

We report on spectral redistribution of the photoluminescence (PL) emission from the edge of thin-film planar waveguides of the conjugated polymer BEH-PPV [Poly(2,5-bis(2'-ethyl-hexyl)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] induced by self-absorption in the polymer film. The PL spectra present drastic changes and displace to longer wavelengths with increasing self-absorption. We observe an enhancement of the absolute PL intensity at longer wavelengths, which was interpreted as due to re-emission of self-absorbed photons. The significant efficiency for the PL re-emission suggests the use of self-absorption as a mechanism for tuning the emission into the near infrared.

The urban poor in Brazil in 1996: a new poverty profile using PPV, PNAD and census data

Includes bibliography

Photo- and electroluminescence in a series of PPV type terpolymers containing fluorene, thiophene and phenylene units

The emissive properties of terpolymers with fluorene, thiophene and phenylene groups, forming alternating PPV type structures, are discussed in terms of their composition, photo- and electroluminescence properties. The fluorene groups were inserted in each phenylene-vinylene and thiophene-vinylene units, and their concentration did not vary, representing 50% of the molar composition. The ratio of thiophene-vinylene/phenylene-vinylene varied in the range 25,50 and 75%. Photo- and electroluminescence properties were strongly dependent on the thiophene-vinylene content and were compared with the fluorene-vinylene-thiophene and fluorene-vinylene-phenylene parent copolymers. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Photophysical and photovoltaic properties of a PPV type copolymer containing alternated fluorene and thiophene units

The synthesis and photophysical characterization of a PPV-type copolymer containing a fluorene derivative alternated with thiophene units is presented: poly(9,9'-dioctylfluorene-thiophene) (LAPPS29). Photophysical studies demonstrated that in the solid state only preformed ground state aggregates are responsible for exciton formation. These aggregates are formed with a wide range of size distribution. The emission from isolated segments is quenched either by resonant energy transfer, or by migration processes. Also, the main photovoltaic parameters are discussed in connection with the photophysical behavior.

Sefer rabot maḥashavot : meḥḳarim ba-Torah uve-ḥokhmah, ba-Miḳra, ba-Talmud uve-midrashim /

"Sefer rishon" ; only one printed?