Influência dos fatores abióticos sobre a variação espaço-temporal de paralonchurus brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1875) (pisces, sciaenidae) componente da fauna acompanhante da pesca de camarões no litoral Norte de São Paulo

Knowledge of the environmental factors influence on the spatial-temporal variation of fishes is important to fisheries management and conservation. Thus, the aim of this work was to analyze the influence of the abiotical factors on the spatial-temporal distribution of Paralonchurus brasiliensis (Pisces, Sciaenidae) caught by-catch with the shrimp fishing of Ubatuba and Caraguatatuba regions, north coast of São Paulo State. The fishes were captured every month from January to December 2002. Samples were collected by otter trawl at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35m depths. The temperatures (surface and bottom), salinities (surface and bottom), sediment features and organic matters were verified for each depth. During all period of the study 12.642 specimens of P. brasiliensis were captured at Ubatuba and 17.166 at Caraguatatuba, which totalized the biomass of 267 for the first and 339kg for the other region. The females outnumbered males in fish population. The greatest values of biomass and number of individuals were registered at the summer and autumn seasons, while the lowest values were observed at the winter and spring seasons. The greatest abundances were found from 15 to 25m depth. In this study, it was verified that P. brasiliensis is a coastal waters associate species. The spatialtemporal distribution of P. brasiliensis is affected by intrusion of SACW and depth for the coastal region and by depth and sediment in sheltered areas such as Caraguatatuba

Dinâmica populacional do caranguejo-uçá, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (CRUSTACEA, BRACHYURA, UCIDIDAE) no município de Porto do Mangue, litoral norte do estado do Rio Grande do Norte

Decapod crustaceans are one of the most important portions of megafaunal of coastal waters, playing a role as modifier of the environment and controlling populations of other organisms. Among the Decapoda, crab (brachyuran) constitutes the dominant macrofauna of mangroves. Among brachyuran is the mangrove crab (Ucides cordatus, Linnaeus, 1763), which represents the main component of the macrofauna of mangroves, particularly in Northern and Northeastern Brazil. In Brazil, its distribution is known from the state of Amapá to the north of Santa Catarina. This species is distinguished by its economic importance, being one of the main fishing resources in Brazil, generating a significant impact on their natural populations. This reduction would result in loss of value to the product, preventing its commercialization. Although it´s great ecological and economic importance, there are few articles about the biological aspects of U. cordatus, mainly in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This work aimed to study the population dynamics of the mangrove crab, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763), in Conchas estuary, Porto do Mangue, northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte. During the period November 2009 to October 2010 the crabs were collected monthly, obeying predetermined lunar periods (new moon or full moon) in a mangrove area in Porto do Mangue - RN. With the aid of a steel caliper (0.01 mm) and a precision balance (0.01 g) were measured biometric variables related to the animal's carapace, major propodus chela, width of abdomen (female), length of gonopodium ( males) and total weight. In addition, it was recorded, the gonads and molt stages, for males and females. In total, 476 crabs were collected, with 338 males and 138 females. Males were larger, heavier and in greater proportion than females. The reproductive period for the species in this location was limited during the months November to May, suggesting a change in current environmental legislation for the closure period. Synchrony was observed between the morphological and physiological maturity with females maturing earlier, possibly, a reproductive strategy adopted, compared to the low fishing pressure in the area. The molting period occurred in the dry season peaking in October. The analysis of growth, based on the parameters of von Bertalanffy was calculated using the nonlinear fit using modes (AJMOD). High growth rates for both males (L = 7.54 cm, k = 0.95, t0 =- 00:08; tmax = 4.84) and females (L = 6.50, k = 1 , 2, t0 =- 0008; tmax = 3.28) were found, contrasting with data from the literature, using other techniques. Males had higher asymptotic width size and longevity, but a lower growth constant when compared with females. The estimated age, for males and females, reaching the minimum capture size was 1.82 years and 1.63 years respectively. The size of physiological maturity, when individuals are able to reproduce, was estimated at 1.4 years and 1.05 years, for males and females, respectively. The recruitment period for this species is seasonal, with two peaks of occurrence, one in the rainy season and one in the dry season. This work represented the first effort on understanding the ecology of the mangrove crab, to the northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte. However, further studies on its biology should be undertaken, especially those related to growth, and recruitment, where observed that literature is more scarce

Sistema integrado para tomada de decisão espacial em situações de derramamento de óleo no litoral norte do Estado do RN

The northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte State (RN) shows areas of Potiguar basin with high activity in petroleum industry. With the goal of avoiding and reducing the accident risks with oil it is necessary to understand the natural vulnerability, mapping natural resources and monitoring the oil spill. The use of computational tools for environmental monitoring makes possible better analyses and decisions in political management of environmental preservation. This work shows a methodology for monitoring of environment impacts, with purpose of avoiding and preserving the sensible areas in oil contact. That methodology consists in developing and embedding an integrated computational system. Such system is composed by a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS). The SDSS shows a computational infrastructure composed by Web System of Geo-Environmental and Geographic Information - SWIGG , the System of Environmental Sensibility Maps for Oil Spill AutoMSA , and the Basic System of Environmental Hydrodynamic ( SisBAHIA a System of Modeling and Numerical Simulating SMNS). In a scenario of oil spill occurred coastwise of Rio Grande do Norte State s northern coast, the integration of such systems will give support to decision agents for managing of environmental impacts. Such support is supplied through a system of supporting to spatial decisions

A cartografia do relevo de áreas de sedimentação recente: O caso do litoral sul paulista

The coast environments were the first areas the man occupied in Brazil and they present, nowadays, high urbanization indexes. So, it's very important to analyze the environmental quality of those areas. The geomorphologic aspects are valuable for that analysis because they constitute the physical substrate on which such ant anthropic activities are developed. The cartography of geomorphologic features is essential to supply subsidies for the handling of coastal areas. However, the question about what proceedings are adequate to the geomorphologic cartography of recent sedimentation coastal lands is still in discussion by many authors. This article aims to compare two different technical proposals for mapping São Paulo's south coast, a sector that shows a great depositional complexity. The features related to recent sedimentation sectors were mapped because it's considered that they are necessary to understand the morphodynamic and, at the same time, they demonstrate difficulties in geomorphologic cartography standardization. Through the analysis of the produced maps it's possible to notice that the two proposals have positive aspects, but both need adaptations to cartographically demonstrate the geomorphologic complexity of São Paulo's south coast.

Mapeamento da sensibilidade ambiental do litoral de Ubatuba-SP a vazamentos de petróleo

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Distribuição espaço-temporal das larvas de camarões (Decapoda) no estuário do Rio Marapanim, Pará, litoral norte do Brasil

No estuário de Marapanim-PA, pouco conhecimento existe sobre larvas de camarão, organismos de elevada importância ecológica e alguns de grande valor econômico. Com o objetivo de estudar a composição específica, a densidade e a distribuição espaço-temporal destas larvas no estuário em relação aos períodos do ano (seco, transição e chuvoso), zonas do estuário (1, 2 e 3), locais de coleta (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 e B3) e perfis (A e B), foram realizadas coletas mensais de agosto/06 a julho/07. As amostras biológicas foram obtidas através de arrastos horizontais em cada local de coleta à aproximadamente 0,5 m da superfície da coluna d’água, com auxílio de uma rede de plâncton cônica (abertura de 0,5 m e malha de 200 μm). Também foram colhidos dados abióticos como, temperatura, salinidade e pH da água. No estuário de Marapanim-PA foram encontradas 4.644 larvas de camarão, compreendendo as infra-ordens Penaeidea e Caridea. Dentre as espécies e/ou famílias encontradas, as mais abundantes foram Alpheus estuariensis (302,59 larvas/m3), Palaemonidae (97,05 larvas/m3) e Sergestidae no estádio de elaphocaris (90,47 larvas/m3) , sendo A. estuariensis a mais frequente (76,39%). O período seco apresentou maior densidade, diversidade e riqueza de larvas de camarão. Na análise de agrupamento da densidade mensal das larvas houve a formação de três grupos, ao nível de similaridade de 65%, nos quais A. estuariensis foi dominante, além de ser a espécie que mais contribuiu para a similaridade dentro destes. A diferença entre agrupamentos se deu principalmente devido à densidade das larvas de Sergestidae, Palaemonidae e Xiphopenaeus kroyeri. Entre os fatores abióticos estudados, a salinidade foi o fator que mais influenciou a distribuição espaço-temporal das larvas de camarão no estuário de Marapanim-PA, região importante para o recrutamento dos estádios iniciais do ciclo de vida de algumas espécies.

Imagem turística de Itanhém, litoral sul paulista

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Pesquisa de helmintos em musculatura e serosa abdominal de peixes de importância comercial capturados no litoral norte do Brasil

Com o objetivo de pesquisar a presença de helmintos, suas freqüências e intensidades de infecções, na musculatura e serosa abdominal parietal de peixes de importância comercial beneficiados em Belém-PA, foram examinados 175 exemplares de quatro espécies de peixes capturados no litoral norte do Brasil, sendo três espécies marinhas da Família Sciaenidae – a pescada amarela (Cynoscion acoupa), a pescada-cambuçú (Cynoscion virescens) e a pescadinha-gó ou pescada-foguete (Macrodon ancylodon); e um siluriforme estuarino da Família Ariidae - a uritinga (Arius proops). Os peixes foram mensurados quanto ao seu comprimento corporal padrão, analisou-se a musculatura e a serosa abdominal em mesa de inspeção “candling table” após o filetamento das amostras. Foi encontrado apenas parasitismo por larvas plerocercóides de cestóides da Ordem Trypanorhyncha. Os blastocistos recuperados foram observados quanto a sua morfologia e tamanho, sendo o mesmo realizado com os escólices após a sua liberação. Todas as espécies de peixes analisadas apresentavam indivíduos parasitados, sendo 16% em M. ancylodon, 77,78% em A. proops, 79,17% em C. virescens e 82% em C. acoupa, correspondendo uma freqüência parasitária geral de 61,71% (108 exemplares) e uma intensidade média de infecção de aproximadamente seis larvas por peixe. As freqüências de infecção apresentadas pelas espécies de cestóides foram as seguintes: Callitetrarhynchus gracilis (52,57%), Pterobothrium heteracanthum (13,71%), Poecilancistrium caryophyllum (12%) e Pterobothrium crassicolle (3,43%). Entre os peixes parasitados, 85,19% apresentavam parasitismo na região abdominal (serosa e musculatura abdominal) e 81,48% parasitismo muscular (musculatura abdominal e corporal). A espécie P. heteracanthum preferencialmente parasitou a região abdominal dos peixes e a espécie P. caryophyllum a musculatura. Verificou-se associação significativa (P < 0,01) entre as espécies de peixes analisadas e a freqüência de parasitismo.

Ultraestrutura do espermatozóide de Protothaca pectorina (Lamarck) (Mollusca, Bivalvia) do litoral norte do Brasil

The ultrastructure of spermatozoa of the Protothaca pectorina (Lamarck, 1818) is described. The most significam differences were found in the structure and arreangement of the acrosomes, with contains two types of material, one fibrilar, the other electrondense granular. It is concluded that sperm ultrastructure is of the primitive type.

Estrutura fina do espermatozóide de Tagelus plebeius (Lightfoot) (Mollusca, Bivalvia) do litoral norte do Brasil

It is described the sperm ultraestructure differentiation during spermiogenesis of Tagelus plebeius (Lightfoot, 1786). The spermatozoon is an uniflagellated cell of the primitive type. The head region contains a rounded or conical nucleus surrounded by acrosome. The middle piece contains four mitochondria which are arranged around the axoneme. The flagellum contains the usual microtubular axoneme.

Aspectos ultraestruturais do espermatozóide de Natica marochiensish (Gmelin) (Mollusca, Gastropoda) do litoral norte do Brasil

Spermatozoa of Natica marochienssish (Gmelin, 1791) is described by light and electron microscopy. The spermatozoon is of the primitive type with head contains a conical acrosomal complex with an acrosomal vesicle of dense matrix having a basis occupied by the subacrosomal space. The middle piece shows the centriolar complex surrounded by mitochondria and the tail contains the axoneme with a 9+2.

Ultraestrutura do espermatozóide de Ucides cordatus Linnaeus (Crustacea, Ocypodidae) do litoral norte do Brasil

Ultrastructure of spermatozoa of the crab Ucides cordatus Linnaeus, 1763 is described and illustrated. Three parts can be distinguished: 1. the elongate-ovoid acrosome located anteriorly; 2. the cytoplasmic region; and 3. the nuclear region. The acrosome is composed of a thick electron-dense wall and a less electron-dense subacrosomal space. The cytoplasm region connects the acrosome with the nucleus, and three arms filled with microtubules arise from this region. The nucleus is polymorphous. The spermatozoon of Ucides cordatus follows the general pattern described for other Decapods.

Estrutura fina do espermatozóide de Mellita quinquiesperforata Leske (Echinodermata) do litoral norte do Brasil

The fine structure of the spermatozoon in the Mellita quinquiesperforata Leske, 1778 was studied. Collected from the Amazon region, were described by light and transmission electron microscopy. The spermatozoon consisted of a acrosome complex, nucleus, four to six mitochondria, two centrioles and flagellum. The acrosome was composed of a acrosome complex, the acrosomal vesicle and the subacrosomal space. The nucleus are composed by dense material. The middle piece contains 4-6 mitochondria which are arranged around the centrioles, the 9p+0, whose axoneme has the classic 9p+2 microtubular construction.

Biologia populacional de Uca leptodactylus e Uca uruguayensis (Brachyura: Ocypodidae) em uma área estuarina no litoral sul paulista

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