Informe de actividades: Abril, Mayo, Junio de 1976

Informe sobre las actividades de investigacion, docencia, asistencia tecnica, publicaciones, documentacion y otras, realizadas durante el segundo trimestre de 1976, en el Centro Latinoamericano de Demografia de Santiago, Chile y San Jose de Costa Rica

Proyecto RLA

Este informe resume la labor desarrollada por el CELADE (sedes Santiago y San Jose) entre 1966-1974 con el respaldo financiero del PNUD. Previo una descripcion de los objetivos generales de la institucion y de las bases de dicho apoyo se detallan las actividades de ensenanza y capacitacion y las de investigacion, servicio y asistencia tecnica, incluyendose una evaluacion global de las mismas. Los ocho apendices contenidos en el documento proporcionan un cuadro completo del personal internacional, de las instituciones y personal nacional adscrito al CELADE, de los estudios e informes tecnicos elaborados y otros aspectos de la implementacion de las actividades enumeradas mas arriba

Informativo de actividades: primer trimestre 1978

Informe sobre las actividades de investigacion, capacitacion, asistencia tecnica y de informacion en poblacion desarrolladas por el CELADE durante el primer trimestre de 1978. Se incluye, asimismo, una lista de las publicaciones correspondientes al periodo para las sedes Santiago y San Jose del Centro

Informativo de actividades: cuarto trimestre 1978

Informe sobre las actividades de investigacion, asesoria tecnica, capacitacion e informacion en poblacion desarrolladas durante el cuarto trimestre de 1978 por las sedes Santiago y San Jose del CELADE. En este periodo destaca la constitucion de la mision de evaluacion del Programa de Cooperacion e Intercambio CELADE-CANADA, integrada por 3 funcionarios de CIDA y uno de Statistics Canada quienes llevaron a cabo sus labores entre el 29 de Noviembre y el 9 de Diciembre de 1978

Clinical aspects of envenomation caused by Tityus obscurus (Gervais, 1843) in two distinct regions of Para state, Brazilian Amazon basin: a prospective case series

Background: Scorpion envenomations are a major public health problem in Brazil, whose most dangerous cases are attributable to the genus Tityus. This study was designed to compare the clinical and demographic features of envenomations by Tityus obscurus in two areas of the state of Para located in the Amazon basin. Were compared demographic findings, local and systemic signs and symptoms of human envenomations caused by T. obscurus that occurred in western and eastern areas of the state.Results: Forty-eight patients with confirmed envenomation by T. obscurus were evaluated from January 2008 to July 2011. Most of them came from the eastern region, where male and female patients were present in similar numbers, while males predominated in the west. Median age groups were also similar in both areas. Most scorpion stings took place during the day and occurred significantly more frequently on the upper limbs. The time between the sting and admission to the health center was less than three hours in both areas. Most eastern patients had local manifestations while in the west, systemic manifestations predominated. Local symptoms were similar in both areas, but systemic signs and symptoms were more common in the west. Symptoms frequently observed at the sting site were local and radiating pain, paresthesia, edema, erythema, sweating, piloerection and burning. The systemic manifestations were significantly higher in patients from the west. Futhermore, neurological symptoms such as general paresthesia, ataxia, dysarthria, myoclonus, dysmetria, and electric shock-like sensations throughout the body were reported only by patients from the west.Conclusion: The present study shows that two regions of Para state differ in the clinical manifestations and severity of confirmed envenomation by T. obscurus which suggests a toxicity variation resulting from the diversity of T. obscurus venom in different areas of the Brazilian Amazon basin, and that T. serrulatus antivenom can be successfully used against T. obscurus.

Impact of complex NOTCH1 mutations on survival in paediatric T-cell leukaemia

Background: Molecular alterations occur frequently in T-ALL and the potential impact of those abnormalities on outcome is still controversial. The current study aimed to test whether NOTCH1 mutations and additional molecular abnormalities would impact T-ALL outcome in a series of 138 T-ALL paediatric cases. Methods: T-ALL subtypes, status of SIL-TAL1 fusion, ectopic expression of TLX3, and mutations in FBXW7, KRAS, PTEN and NOTCH1 were assessed as overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) prognostic factors. OS and EFS were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Results: The frequencies of mutations were 43.5% for NOTCH1, while FBXW7, KRAS and PTEN exhibited frequencies of 19.1%, 9.5% and 9.4%, respectively. In 78.3% of cases, the coexistence of NOTCH1 mutations and other molecular alterations was observed. In multivariate analysis no statistical association was revealed between NOTCH1 mutations and any other variable analyzed. The mean length of the follow-up was 68.4 months and the OS was 50.7%. SIL-TAL1 was identified as an adverse prognostic factor. NOTCH1 mutation status was not associated with outcome, while the presence of NOTCH1 complex mutations (indels) were associated with a longer overall survival (p = 0.031) than point mutations. Conclusion: NOTCH1 mutations alone or in combination with FBXW7 did not impact T-ALL prognosis. Nevertheless, complex NOTCH1 mutations appear to have a positive impact on OS and the SIL-TAL1 fusion was validated as a negative prognostic marker in our series of T-ALL.

Visual Servoing for the Robotenis System: a Strategy for a 3 DOF Parallel Robot to Hit a Ping-Pong Ball

This article describes a new visual servo control and strategies that are used to carry out dynamic tasks by the Robotenis platform. This platform is basically a parallel robot that is equipped with an acquisition and processing system of visual information, its main feature is that it has a completely open architecture control, and planned in order to design, implement, test and compare control strategies and algorithms (visual and actuated joint controllers). Following sections describe a new visual control strategy specially designed to track and intercept objects in 3D space. The results are compared with a controller shown in previous woks, where the end effector of the robot keeps a constant distance from the tracked object. In this work, the controller is specially designed in order to allow changes in the tracking reference. Changes in the tracking reference can be used to grip an object that is under movement, or as in this case, hitting a hanging Ping-Pong ball. Lyapunov stability is taken into account in the controller design.

A method for Kinematic Calibration of a Parallel Robot by using one camera in hand and a spherical object

The main purpose of robot calibration is the correction of the possible errors in the robot parameters. This paper presents a method for a kinematic calibration of a parallel robot that is equipped with one camera in hand. In order to preserve the mechanical configuration of the robot, the camera is utilized to acquire incremental positions of the end effector from a spherical object that is fixed in the word reference frame. The positions of the end effector are related to incremental positions of resolvers of the motors of the robot, and a kinematic model of the robot is used to find a new group of parameters which minimizes errors in the kinematic equations. Additionally, properties of the spherical object and intrinsic camera parameters are utilized to model the projection of the object in the image and improving spatial measurements. Finally, the robotic system is designed to carry out tracking tasks and the calibration of the robot is validated by means of integrating the errors of the visual controller.

Prácticas de Topografía con el Observatorio Robotizado Montegancedo

En el programa formativo del actual Ingeniero Técnico en Topografía está presente la Astronomía Geodésica o de Posición con el fin de que el futuro profesional conozca los elementos de astronomía necesarios para poder calcular coordenadas latitud y longitud de puntos sobre la superficie terrestre, así como el acimut de direcciones a otros puntos a partir de observaciones a las estrellas. Aunque los métodos astronómicos se van sustituyendo por los métodos por observaciones a satélites (GNSS), ciertos conocimientos astronómicos son necesarios para poder comprender tanto los sistemas de referencias celestes y terrestres, como las observaciones geodésicas y geofísicas. Dentro de este programa formativo juegan un papel fundamental la realización de prácticas en las que el alumno vea y desarrolle sus habilidades para calcular parámetros astronómicos, resultado de su propia observación. En la ETSI de Topografía se viene realizando prácticas de observación a la estrella polar, con el fin de calcular el acimut de una dirección. También observaciones al Sol con el mismo objetivo. La utilización de equipos ópticos clásicos en esta observación entraña cierto riesgo al colocar el ojo sobre el ocular cuando se tiene enfocado el Sol. En prevención de fatales accidentes estas observaciones al Sol fueron retiradas del programa formativo. Recientemente, y gracias a la utilización de un telescopio robotizado, el observatorio Montegancedo (http://om.fi.upm.es), y con registro de imágenes, se ha podido rescatar este tipo de prácticas de observaciones al Sol en la formación de los ingenieros técnicos topográficos (ITT) de la Escuela. Se muestran en este artículo los objetivos perseguidos en esta experiencia, los métodos y materiales utilizados para la misma así como una serie de impresiones finales que se han encontrado en la realización de estas experiencias prácticas.

An Inexpensive Method for Kinematic Calibration of a Parallel Robot by Using One Hand-Held Camera as Main Sensor

This paper presents a novel method for the calibration of a parallel robot, which allows a more accurate configuration instead of a configuration based on nominal parameters. It is used, as the main sensor with one camera installed in the robot hand that determines the relative position of the robot with respect to a spherical object fixed in the working area of the robot. The positions of the end effector are related to the incremental positions of resolvers of the robot motors. A kinematic model of the robot is used to find a new group of parameters, which minimizes errors in the kinematic equations. Additionally, properties of the spherical object and intrinsic camera parameters are utilized to model the projection of the object in the image and thereby improve spatial measurements. Finally, several working tests, static and tracking tests are executed in order to verify how the robotic system behaviour improves by using calibrated parameters against nominal parameters. In order to emphasize that, this proposed new method uses neither external nor expensive sensor. That is why new robots are useful in teaching and research activities.

Sistema de visión tridimensional recursivo utilizando múltiples vistas de una cámara para control servovisual de robots móviless

Este trabajo presenta un sistema de visión tridimensional utilizando múltiples vistas de una única cámara, para su utilización en el control servovisual de robots móviles. Mediante el sistema de visión propuesto se determinan las dimensiones físicas de un objeto en el espacio de trabajo del robot. Esto permite extender el uso de un controlador, previamente propuesto por los autores, para logar que un robot móvil se posicione respecto de un objeto de dimensiones desconocidas.