1000 resultados para Lehtinen, Marja: Suomen kielen perussanakirja. Kolmas osa S-Ö


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Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin suomi toisena kielenä (S2) -opettajien näkemyksiä kolmesta keskeisestä kysymyksestä, jotka liittyvät peruskoulun S2-oppimäärään: mitä merkitystä heidän mielestään erillisellä S2-opetuksella on, kuinka toimivina he pitävät oppimäärän nykyistä ja tulevaa opetussuunnitelmaa ja millaisena he näkevät S2-oppilaiden tämänhetkisen aseman koulutuksellisen tasa-arvon näkökulmasta. Tutkimuksen aineisto kerättiin teemahaastatteluilla kevään 2015 aikana. Haastateltaviksi valikoitui viisi S2-opettajaa, joilla oli monipuolista kokemusta eri-ikäisten maahanmuuttajataustaisten oppilaiden tai opiskelijoiden kielenopetuksesta. Haastatteluaineiston analyysi toteutettiin aineistolähtöisesti sisällönanalyysinä. Ensimmäisen kysymyksen osalta haastateltavat pitivät erillistä S2-opetusta tärkeänä ensisijaisesti siksi, että sen ansiosta S2-oppilaat saavat tarvitsemaansa kielellistä tukea kielitaidon kaikilla osa-alueilla. Toisen kysymyksen osalta haastateltavat esittivät osin vastakkaisia näkemyksiä esimerkiksi opetussuunnitelmien arviointikriteerien toimivuudesta. He olivat kuitenkin yksimielisesti tyytyväisiä tulevan opetussuunnitelman monipuoliseen tekstikäsitykseen sekä siinä esiintyviin muihin opetuksen periaatteisiin kuten funktionaaliseen kielenoppimiseen. Tulevan opetussuunnitelman suurimpana puutteena nähtiin oppilaiden eri lähtötasojen vähäinen huomiointi. Kolmannen kysymyksen osalta haastateltavien keskeisin huoli oli, että puutteellisten resurssien vuoksi suuri osa S2-oppilaista ei saa riittävää määrää S2-opetusta. Lisäksi haastateltavat näkivät oppilaiden olevan eri kouluissa ja kunnissa keskenään epätasa-arvoisessa asemassa saadun kielellisen tuen suhteen. Tämän tutkimuksen perusteella voi suositella, että S2-opetuksen resursseja tulee jatkossa lisätä ja tuen määrän tulisi perustua myös oppilaiden yksilöllisiin tarpeisiin. Opettajien koulutusta tulisi kehittää niin, että valmistuvat opettajat pystyisivät nykyistä paremmin tukemaan S2-oppilaita suomen kielen oppimisessa. Koulujen tulisi harkita ryhmäkokojen rajaamista tai koulunkäynnin ohjaajien lisäämistä S2-oppilaita sisältävissä luokissa. S2-oppilaille tulisi tarjota nykyistä enemmän tukea eri nivelvaiheissa kuten peruskoulun ja lukion sekä toisen asteen koulutuksen ja korkeakoulun välissä. Jatkossa huoltajien lisäksi myös koululla ja opettajilla tulisi olla mahdollisuus vaikuttaa oppimäärän valintaan. Lisäksi ehdotuksena voi esittää, että Suomessa tulisi käydä vielä laajaa yhteiskunnallista keskustelua S2-oppilaiden ja S2-opetuksen asemasta.

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Immigrant Pupils in Special Education Schools The study focused on the opinions of immigrant pupils in the 1st–9th grades of basic education in four special education schools of the City of Turku and in need of special support about the following: 1. Their difficulties in going to school in general education before the transfer to a special education school. 2. Their opinions about the transfer process to special education and the changes in their school practice after being transferred to a special education school. 3. Their experiences about their school and coping in special education school. The study strengthened the idea that immigrant pupils need positive special treatment, linguistic support, individual guidance, small teaching groups and operating models that promote well-being on their integration and education path. The central educational idea of inclusive education is based on deconstructing the power structures concerning gender, ethnicity and “race” and approval of differences in the pupils. Shifting the emphasis from the pupil to working on the learning environment has resulted in special education no longer being primarily separate special education tied to a certain place, but directing the teaching more towards individuality. The central dimension of intercultural competence of a teacher working in a multicultural class seems to be the attitudes and approaches to a different pupil; the teacher must be interculturally sensitive when facing children and young people from a foreign culture. Education and teaching affect every sector of the pupil’s well-being. Learning and learning results have a connection with teaching, education and well-being. Every sector is important for the going to school and integration of an immigrant pupil in need of special support. The basis of the study is the equality of opportunities and the humanistic idea of the human being in the Finnish education policy. The immigrant pupils selected for the study represented the following language groups: Arabian, Albanian, Somali, Russian and Vietnamese. In the four special education schools, the number of immigrant pupils belonging to these language groups (2004) totalled 104. A total of 89 pupils i.e. 86% answered the questionnaire, which is sufficient considering the generalisation of the study. Although this is basically a quantitative study, the interviewing method was used in part of the study, because the questionnaires were in Finnish and consequently, it was difficult for some immigrant pupils to understand them. Understanding the questions was also affected by the fact that the age distribution in the study was very wide (7–18). According to the results of the study, the immigrants felt that the biggest drawbacks in general education were their inability to speak Finnish and lack of concentration. The actual process of being transferred to a special education class remained unclear for immigrant pupils, and they could do very little about the transfer themselves. The results show that immigrant pupils coped well in special education school; they felt that their learning ability and concentration improved in the small groups of the special education school. They considered the individual support given in the special education schools to be useful. The lower-grade immigrant pupils had a more positive attitude towards special education school than the upper-grade immigrant pupils. In all the special education schools the immigrant pupils experienced that they were in a good position in the class; girls felt this even a little more strongly than boys. The teacher-pupil-relationship was felt to be good. School bullying being so common was a negative feature experienced by immigrant pupils, who were often targets or bullies themselves. Immigrant pupils believed in their success at school and in the opportunities offered by special education schools. Generally they were of the opinion that pupils are not labelled by special school; however, upper-grade immigrant pupils were more hesitant than lower-grade immigrant pupils. This study aimed at bringing out the immigrant pupils’ own opinions. Teaching immigrant pupils in special education schools has not been very much studied in Finland, which made the topic new and even more challenging.

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Summary: Werewolves in folk beliefs and literature

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