Engraftment of autologous bone marrow cells into the injured cranial cruciate ligament in dogs

Current research indicates that exogenous stem cells may accelerate reparative processes in joint disease but, no previous studies have evaluated whether bone marrow cells (BMCs) target the injured cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) in dogs. The objective of this study was to investigate engraftment of BMCs following intra-articular injection in dogs with spontaneous CCL injury. Autologous PKH26-labelled BMCs were injected into the stifle joint of eight client-owned dogs with CCL rupture. The effects of PKH26 staining on cell viability and PKH26 fluorescence intensity were analysed in vitro using a MTT assay and flow cytometry. Labelled BMCs in injured CCL tissue were identified using fluorescence microscopy of biopsies harvested 3 and 13 days after intra-articular BMC injection. The intensity of PKH26 fluorescence declines with cell division but was still detectable after 16 days. Labelling with PKH26 had no detectable effect on cell viability or proliferation. Only rare PKH26-positive cells were present in biopsies of the injured CCL in 3/7 dogs and in synovial fluid in 1/7 dogs. No differences in transforming growth factor-beta1, and interleukin-6 before and after BMC treatment were found and no clinical complications were noted during a 1 year follow-up period. In conclusion, BMCs were shown to engraft to the injured CCL in dogs when injected into the articular cavity. Intra-articular application of PKH26-labelled cultured mesenchymal stem cells is likely to result in higher numbers of engrafted cells that can be tracked using this method in a clinical setting.

An Increased Iliocapsularis-to-rectus-femoris Ratio Is Suggestive for Instability in Borderline Hips

BACKGROUND The iliocapsularis muscle is an anterior hip structure that appears to function as a stabilizer in normal hips. Previous studies have shown that the iliocapsularis is hypertrophied in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). An easy MR-based measurement of the ratio of the size of the iliocapsularis to that of adjacent anatomical structures such as the rectus femoris muscle might be helpful in everyday clinical use. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES We asked (1) whether the iliocapsularis-to-rectus-femoris ratio for cross-sectional area, thickness, width, and circumference is increased in DDH when compared with hips with acetabular overcoverage or normal hips; and (2) what is the diagnostic performance of these ratios to distinguish dysplastic from pincer hips? METHODS We retrospectively compared the anatomy of the iliocapsularis muscle between two study groups with symptomatic hips with different acetabular coverage and a control group with asymptomatic hips. The study groups were selected from a series of patients seen at the outpatient clinic for DDH or femoroacetabular impingement. The allocation to a study group was based on conventional radiographs: the dysplasia group was defined by a lateral center-edge (LCE) angle of < 25° with a minimal acetabular index of 14° and consisted of 45 patients (45 hips); the pincer group was defined by an LCE angle exceeding 39° and consisted of 37 patients (40 hips). The control group consisted of 30 asymptomatic hips (26 patients) with MRIs performed for nonorthopaedic reasons. The anatomy of the iliocapsularis and rectus femoris muscle was evaluated using MR arthrography of the hip and the following parameters: cross-sectional area, thickness, width, and circumference. The iliocapsularis-to-rectus-femoris ratio of these four anatomical parameters was then compared between the two study groups and the control group. The diagnostic performance of these ratios to distinguish dysplasia from protrusio was evaluated by calculating receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the positive predictive value (PPV) for a ratio > 1. Presence and absence of DDH (ground truth) were determined on plain radiographs using the previously mentioned radiographic parameters. Evaluation of radiographs and MRIs was performed in a blinded fashion. The PPV was chosen because it indicates how likely a hip is dysplastic if the iliocapsularis-to-rectus-femoris ratio was > 1. RESULTS The iliocapsularis-to-rectus-femoris ratio for cross-sectional area, thickness, width, and circumference was increased in hips with radiographic evidence of DDH (ratios ranging from 1.31 to 1.35) compared with pincer (ratios ranging from 0.71 to 0.90; p < 0.001) and compared with the control group, the ratio of cross-sectional area, thickness, width, and circumference was increased (ratios ranging from 1.10 to 1.15; p ranging from 0.002 to 0.039). The area under the ROC curve ranged from 0.781 to 0.852. For a one-to-one iliocapsularis-to-rectus-femoris ratio, the PPV was 89% (95% confidence interval [CI], 73%-96%) for cross-sectional area, 77% (95% CI, 61%-88%) for thickness, 83% (95% CI, 67%-92%) for width, and 82% (95% CI, 67%-91%) for circumference. CONCLUSIONS The iliocapsularis-to-rectus-femoris ratio seems to be a valuable secondary sign of DDH. This parameter can be used as an adjunct for clinical decision-making in hips with borderline hip dysplasia and a concomitant cam-type deformity to identify the predominant pathology. Future studies will need to prove this finding can help clinicians determine whether the borderline dysplasia accounts for the hip symptoms with which the patient presents. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, prognostic study.

Solenidad festiua, con que en la ... ciudad de Valencia se celebró la feliz nueua de la canonizacion de su milagroso arçobispo Santo Tomas de Villanueva ...

Sign.: [ ]2, *8, *-***4, A-Z4, Aa-Yy4, A-Z4, Aa-Nn4

Llibre Primer dels Miracles que lo senyor ha obrats per medi de la... Reliquia del... Sanct Joan Baptista [Texto impreso]

Copia digital: Biblioteca Valenciana, 2011

Corpus Juris Canonici. Decretales

Colofón

Enchiridion Controuersiarum Praecipuarum nostri temporis de Religione... [Texto impreso]

Copia digital: Biblioteca Valenciana, 2011

Doctrina christiana para la enseñanza publica [Texto impreso]

Esc. real en A2

Do Cartoon Ilustrado ao Cartoon Animado. A Construção do Cartoon de Autor e Processos na sua Edição Impressa e Digital

O presente relatório regista a descrição do processo de trabalho de um projecto de investigação inserido no âmbito do Mestrado em Ilustração e Animação, do Instituto Politécnico de Cávado e do Ave. Este projecto, intitulado de “Histórias Sem Interesse”, resume-se no contínuo desenvolvimento de uma série de cartoons, tanto ao nível ilustrado como animado, e ao estudo das diferenças metodológicas na sua construção para os dois media. As tiras – ou comic strips – e os clips animados resultantes, são inspirados no dia-a-dia de uma jovem adulta (com apontamentos de carácter autobiográfico) e na subsistência social, académica e profissional, deparando-se com inúmeros episódios do quotidiano urbano. Estas histórias assumem um olhar humorístico, ainda que baseadas na experiência pessoal enquanto autora, assim como na dos restantes intervenientes. A partir desta premissa, pretendeu-se que a análise da relação entre as versões estática e animada fosse concretizada através de uma comparação de processos de construção e, numa segunda fase, entre os métodos e resultados da auto-publicação de ambas, levada a cabo por meio das plataformas digitais.

Thinking Architecture with an Indian Ocean Aquapelago

This article takes up the charge of thinking architecture with one of the Indian Ocean’s central coral atoll formations, the Maldives archipelago. It is undertaken as a critique of the concept of the archipelago as deployed in architecture since the 1970’s. Architects have used the archipelago as a metaphoric metageographical concept based on a land/sea binary, to conceive of architecture as autonomous from its environments. This permits the discipline exemption from its contexts and frames its engagement with the diverse mobilities of contemporary globalization. To counter this, the article draws from a broad body of literature familiar to readers of GeoHumanities, namely island studies, urban island studies, political ecology and thinking with water to undertake a reading of the Maldives as an oceanic aquapelago, as an alternative metageographical concept for architecture in today’s globalized world.

Direito Fundamental de Iniciativa Privada, Branqueamento de Capitais e Terrorismo

1-Resumo: A iniciativa privada é um Direito humano fundamental que está consagrado nos ordenamentos jurídicos modernos. No caso português, na Constituição portuguesa. A Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos consagra o Direito à propriedade. E, por conseguinte, também a iniciativa privada. A iniciativa privada é tanto mais eficaz na sociedade, quanto mais democrático e livre for o Estado respectivo. A iniciativa privada está ligada ao financiamento público, mas também ao financiamento privado. Seja o financiamento de pessoas singulares, seja o financiamento de pessoas colectivas, organizações. O terrorismo pode ser financiado por outrem, assim como o terrorismo pode financiar actividades lícitas. Por acção ou por omissão. Assim, a isto tudo, está associado o ilícito de branqueamento de capitais. O crime de branqueamento pode ter por origem o crime de terrorismo e/ou o crime de organização terrorista. O branqueamento de capitais também pode servir para financiar o terrorismo. Neste contexto, se desenham zonas de contraste entre Direitos Humanos e Segurança. Entre crime e paz pública. Assim como se geram zonas de confluência entre Segurança e Direitos Humanos. O Direito Humano Fundamental à iniciativa privada e ao financiamento – passivo ou activo – pode sofrer restrições. As restrições podem existir desde que sejam proporcionais, adequadas, necessárias. Ou seja, as restrições têm que respeitar uma intervenção mínima. Assim, em nome da segurança, a prevenção do crime de terrorismo e do crime de branqueamento provoca novas dificuldades também ao próprio sistema económico capitalista. Provoca novas dificuldades ao Direito fundamental da iniciativa privada. Uma vez que o branqueamento de capitais, ou o próprio financiamento, podem estar associados ao crime de terrorismo.§ 1.1-Abstract: The private sector is a fundamental human right that is enshrined in modern legal systems. In the Portuguese case, in the Portuguese Constitution. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights enshrines the right to property. And therefore also the private sector. The private sector is much more effective in society, if the state is more democratic and free. Private initiative is linked to the public funding, but also to private funding. It could be the financing of individual persons, but also the financing of legal persons, organizations. Terrorism can be financed by others, as well as terrorism can finance legal activities. By act or omission. Thus, all this is associated with money laundering. Money laundering may have been originated in the crime of terrorism and / or in the crime of terrorist organization. Money laundering may also be used to finance terrorism. In this context, we have conflict zones between human rights and security. Between crime and public peace. As well as generates confluence zones between security and human rights. The Fundamental Human Right to the private sector and its financing - passive or active - can be restricted. Restrictions would be acceptable if are proportionate, appropriate and necessary. In other words, restrictions must comply with minimum intervention. So in the name of security, the prevention of the crime of terrorism and the Money laundering causes new difficulties also to the capitalist economic system. Causes new problems to the fundamental right of private enterprise. Money laundering or the financing itself may be associated with terrorist crime. The question is also: what could do the criminal lawmaker?

Anotação sintética, numa perspectiva de Direito Público-penal e Direito Privado-civil, ao Acórdão do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça Português, de 19 de Abril de 2012 - A poluição sonora e o direito humano ao descanso e à saúde, sem descurar a necessidade duma adequada política tributária.

Resumo: 1 – Sumário do Acórdão do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça, de 19 de Abril de 2012; 2 – Texto completo do Acórdão do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça, de 19 de Abril de 2012: cfr. http://www.dgsi.pt/jstj.nsf/954f0ce6ad9dd8b980256b5f003fa814/fc664c231f3e73cf802579ea003d91d2?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,polui%C3%A7%C3%A3o , 2 de Junho de 2012; 3 – Anotação sintética; 3.1 – Introdução à anotação sintética e suas características neste caso concreto; 4 – Algumas referências constitucionais centrais em relação a Direitos humanos e, nomeadamente, a um Direito humano a um meio-ambiente sadio, saudável em todas as suas vertentes e sentidos – o exemplo central do artigo 9.º da CRP; 4.1 – Algumas referências constitucionais centrais em relação a Direitos humanos e, nomeadamente, a um Direito humano a um meio-ambiente sadio, saudável em todas as suas vertentes e sentidos – o exemplo central do artigo 66.º da CRP e o Regime Geral do Ruído; 5 – O direito humano ao descanso e à saúde, rectius o direito ao ambiente sadio vs o direito ao lazer e/ou exploração económica de indústrias de diversão, rectius o direito à liberdade de iniciativa económica privada; 6 – A violação do direito humano, de personalidade, ao descanso e à saúde, rectius o direito a um ambiente sadio, numa perspectiva de Direito privado e Direito civil; 7 – A criminalização da poluição, designadamente a criminalização da poluição sonora – uma perspectiva de Direito público e Direito penal; 8 - A necessidade duma adequada política tributária que compatibilize desenvolvimento sustentado com a protecção dum meio ambiente sadio e com qualidade de vida; 9 – Conclusões. Palavras-chave: Direitos Humanos; Direito constitucional; Direito público; Direito penal; Direito privado; Direito civil; Direito ambiental; meio ambiente sadio; Direito ao descanso; Direito à saúde; Direito ao lazer e/ou exploração económica de indústrias de diversão; direito à liberdade de iniciativa económica privada; Direito tributário; Direito fiscal; Direito aduaneiro. Abstract: 1 - Summary of the Judgment of the Supreme Court of April 19, 2012, 2 - Complete text of the Judgment of the Supreme Court of April 19, 2012: cf. http://www.dgsi.pt/jstj.nsf/954f0ce6ad9dd8b980256b5f003fa814/fc664c231f3e73cf802579ea003d91d2?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,polui%C3%A7%C3%A3o , June 2, 2012, 3 - Synthetic Note: 3.1 - Introduction to synthetic annotation and its characteristics in this case 4 - Some references constitutional power over human rights and in particular to a human right to a healthy environment, healthy in all its forms and meanings - the central example of Article 9. of CRP; 4.1 - Some references constitutional power over human rights and in particular to a human right to a healthy environment, healthy in all its forms and meanings - the central example of Article 66. No of CRP and the General Noise; 5 - the human right to rest and health, rectius the right to healthy environment vs. the right to leisure and / or economic exploitation of industries fun, rectius the right to freedom of private economic initiative; 6 - the violation of human personality, to rest and health, rectius the right to a healthy environment, a perspective of private law and civil law; 7 - criminalization of pollution, including the criminalization of noise - a perspective of public law and criminal law; 8 - the need for appropriate tax policy that reconciles sustainable development with the protection of a healthy environment and quality of life; 9 - Conclusions.

Effect of image compression of digital lateral cephalograms on the reproducibility of cephalometric points

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of JPEG quality factors 100, 80 and 60 on the reproducibility of identification of cephalometric points on images of lateral cephalograms, compared with the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format. Methods: The sample was composed of 30 images of digital lateral cephalograms obtained from 30 individuals (15 males and 15 females) on a phosphor plate system in DICOM format. The images were converted to JPEG with quality factors 100, 80 and 60 with the aid of software, adding up to 90 images. The 120 images (DICOM, JPEG 100, 80 and 60) were blinded and 12 cephalometric points were identified on each image by three calibrated orthodontists, using the x-y coordinate system, on a cephalometric software. Results: The results revealed that identification of cephalometric points was highly reproducible, except for the point Orbitale (Or) on the x-axis. The different file formats did not present a statistically significant difference. Conclusions: JPEG images of lateral cephalograms with quality factors 100, 80 and 60 did not present alterations in the reproducibility of identification of cephalometric points compared with the DICOM format. Good reproducibility was achieved for the 12 points, except for point Or on the x-axis. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology (2009) 38, 393-400. doi: 10.1259/dmfr/40996636

BOI 2.0: disseny d'una implementació de JPEG 2000

JPEG 2000 és un estàndard de compressió d'imatges que utilitza tècniques estat de l’art basades en la transformada wavelet. Els principals avantatges són la millor compressió, la possibilitat d’operar amb dades comprimides i que es pot comprimir amb i sense pèrdua amb el mateix mètode. BOI és la implementació de JPEG 2000 del Grup de Compressió Interactiva d’Imatges del departament d’Enginyeria de la Informació i les Comunicacions, pensada per entendre, criticar i millorar les tecnologies de JPEG 2000. La nova versió intenta arribar a tots els extrems de l’estàndard on la versió anterior no va arribar.