Humanitarian intervention and the issue of state sovereignty in the discourse of legal experts between the 1830s and the First World War

This article discusses the tensions between the principle of state sovereignty and the idea of a "humanitarian intervention" (or a intervention on humanitarian grounds) as they resulted from the debate of leading legal scholars in the 19th and early 20th century. While prominent scholars such as Johann Caspar Bluntschli, Gustave Rolin Jaequemyns or Aegidius Arntz spoke out in favour of a form of "humanitarian interventions", others such as August Wilhelm Heffter or Pasquale Fiore were much more critical and in many cases spoke out in favour of absolute state sovereignty.

Legal Services Corporation : grantee attorneys' handling of migrant farmworker disputes with growers.

At head of title: Report to Congressional requesters.

How to be your own lawyer : a complete instructor for everybody ; adapted to every state and territory ; also a dictionary of legal terms /

Includes tables.

Legal status of standardized milk in the various states in 1935 as indicated in letters from state officials.

Mode of access: Internet.

The Lackawanna legal record: for the year ending Aug. 29, 1879; containing cases decided in the various courts of Lackawanna county, with others from the Supreme and Subordinate courts of the state.

Includes index.

Availability of legal research materials in Illinois State Library, Supreme Court Library, and Legislative Reference Bureau /

At head of title: Legal research materials.

A study dealing with the extent and effects of the injunction in labor disputes in certain areas in New York State, submitted to U. S. Senate, Committee on Labor and Public Welfare.

Mode of access: Internet.

EPA-approved revisions to state implementation plans allowing increased sulfur dioxide emissions were legal : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives /

"B-217221"--1st prelim. p.

‘State failure’ and the extraterritorial use of force in self-defence against non-state actors

The thesis is first and foremost the examination of the notion and consequences of ‘state failure’ in international law. The disputes surrounding criteria for creation and recognition of states pertain to efforts to analyse legal and factual issues unravelling throughout the continuing existence of states, as best evidenced by the ‘state failure’ phenomenon. It is argued that although the ‘statehood’ of failed states remains uncontested, their sovereignty is increasingly considered to be dependent on the existence of effective governments. The second part of this thesis focuses on the examinations of the legal consequences of the continuing existence of failed states in the context of jus ad bellum. Since the creation of the United Nations the ability of states to resort to armed force without violating what might be considered as the single most important norm of international law, has been considerably limited. State failure and increasing importance of non-state actors has become a greatly topical issue within recent years in both scholarship and the popular imagination. There have been important legal developments within international law, which have provoked much academic, and in particular, legal commentary. On one level, the thesis contributes to this commentary. Despite the fact that the international community continues to perpetuate a notion of ‘statehood’ which allows the state-centric system of international law to exist, when dealing with practical and political realities of state failure, international law may no longer consider external sovereignty of states as an undeniable entitlement to statehood. Accordingly, the main research question of this thesis is whether the implicit and explicit invocation of the state failure provides sufficient legal basis for the intervention in self-defence against non-state actors in located in failed states. It has been argued that state failure has a profound impact, the extent of which is yet to be fully explored, on the modern landscape of peace and security.