Influência de válvulas artificiais sobre a morfometria intestinal de ratos

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o papel de válvulas artificiais constituídas por seromiotomias circunferenciais duplas no comprimento dos vilos, no diâmetro do intestino delgado e no peso de ratos. MÉTODO: Foram utilizados 40 ratos, distribuídos em quatro grupos. Os animais do Grupo R foram submetidos à ressecção de 50% do intestino delgado, sem criação de válvulas. No Grupo RV associaram duas válvulas à ressecção intestinal. No Grupo V foram criadas duas válvulas, sem ressecção intestinal. O Grupo C forneceu a altura normal dos vilos. A eutanásia deu-se entre o décimo e o 14º dia pós-operatórios. RESULTADOS: Houve aumento no comprimento dos vilos nos grupos R, RV e V. Comparado ao Grupo R, o comprimento dos vilos nos grupos RV e V foi semelhante nos segmentos proximal e distal. No Grupo RV, os vilos do segmento proximal tiveram comprimento superior ao do distal. No Grupo V, o comprimento dos vilos do segmento proximal foi menor que do distal. A alça intestinal teve diâmetro maior que no pré-operatório no Grupo R e nos segmentos proximal à primeira válvula e distal à segunda, dos grupos RV e V. A ressecção intestinal levou à perda ponderal nos grupos R e RV, sem diferença entre os grupos. No Grupo V houve ganho de peso, significativo quando comparado aos grupos R e RV. Apesar de não impedirem a perda ponderal em animais submetidos à ressecção, as válvulas não determinaram perda superior à da ressecção isolada. CONCLUSÃO: Essas válvulas parecem influenciar positivamente a adaptação intestinal e podem ser incluídas entre as técnicas de reabilitação intestinal cirúrgica, isoladamente ou precedendo intervenções de alongamento do intestino.

Relationship of intestinal histology with the resistance to Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection in three breeds of sheep

The study was carried out to evaluate the relationship of inflammatory intestinal cells with the resistance to Trichostrongylus colubriformis infections in three breeds of sheep (Santa Ines, Suffolk and Ile de France), naturally infected. Mast cells, eosinophils, and globule leucocytes were enumerated in intestinal mucosa. Histamine concentration was estimated in intestinal tissue samples and the length of male and female specimens were determined. The three breeds of sheep showed similar cellular response in the small intestine mucosa (P>0.05). There was extensive variation among sheep in the parasitological and inflammatory cell variables, even in lambs of the same breed. In general, animals presenting less inflammatory cells had a larger worm burden, higher fecal egg counts, and larger T. colubriformis worms. The inflammatory cells possibly impaired the parasite's establishment, development, and survival.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha increases epithelial barrier permeability by disrupting tight junctions in Caco-2 cells

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) on intestinal epithelial cell permeability and the expression of tight junction proteins. Caco-2 cells were plated onto Transwell® microporous filters and treated with TNF-α (10 or 100 ng/mL) for 0, 4, 8, 16, or 24 h. The transepithelial electrical resistance and the mucosal-to-serosal flux rates of the established paracellular marker Lucifer yellow were measured in filter-grown monolayers of Caco-2 intestinal cells. The localization and expression of the tight junction protein occludin were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis, respectively. SYBR-Green-based real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of occludin mRNA. TNF-α treatment produced concentration- and time-dependent decreases in Caco-2 transepithelial resistance and increases in transepithelial permeability to the paracellular marker Lucifer yellow. Western blot results indicated that TNF-α decreased the expression of phosphorylated occludin in detergent-insoluble fractions but did not affect the expression of non-phosphorylated occludin protein. Real-time RT-PCR data showed that TNF-α did not affect the expression of occludin mRNA. Taken together, our data demonstrate that TNF-α increases Caco-2 monolayer permeability, decreases occludin protein expression and disturbs intercellular junctions.

Culture of human intestinal epithelial cell using the dissociating enzyme thermolysin and endothelin-3

Epithelium, a highly dynamic system, plays a key role in the homeostasis of the intestine. However, thus far a human intestinal epithelial cell line has not been established in many countries. Fetal tissue was selected to generate viable cell cultures for its sterile condition, effective generation, and differentiated character. The purpose of the present study was to culture human intestinal epithelial cells by a relatively simple method. Thermolysin was added to improve the yield of epithelial cells, while endothelin-3 was added to stimulate their growth. By adding endothelin-3, the achievement ratio (viable cell cultures/total cultures) was enhanced to 60% of a total of 10 cultures (initiated from 8 distinct fetal small intestines), allowing the generation of viable epithelial cell cultures. Western blot, real-time PCR and immunofluorescent staining showed that cytokeratins 8, 18 and mouse intestinal mucosa-1/39 had high expression levels in human intestinal epithelial cells. Differentiated markers such as sucrase-isomaltase, aminopeptidase N and dipeptidylpeptidase IV also showed high expression levels in human intestinal epithelial cells. Differentiated human intestinal epithelial cells, with the expression of surface markers (cytokeratins 8, 18 and mouse intestinal mucosa-1/39) and secretion of cytokines (sucrase-isomaltase, aminopeptidase N and dipeptidylpeptidase IV), may be cultured by the thermolysin and endothelin-3 method and maintained for at least 20 passages. This is relatively simple, requiring no sophisticated techniques or instruments, and may have a number of varied applications.

Effect of hyperoxia on the intestinal IgA secretory component in neonatal rats and on intestinal epithelial cells in vitro

Oxygen therapy is essential for the treatment of some neonatal critical care conditions but its extrapulmonary effects have not been adequately investigated. We therefore studied the effects of various oxygen concentrations on intestinal epithelial cell function. In order to assess the effects of hyperoxia on the intestinal immunological barrier, we studied two physiological changes in neonatal rats exposed to hyperoxia: the change in intestinal IgA secretory component (SC, an important component of SIgA) and changes in intestinal epithelial cells. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect changes in the intestinal tissue SC of neonatal rats. To detect intestinal epithelial cell growth, cells were counted, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Giemsa staining were used to assess cell survival. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine SC expression. The expression of intestinal SC in neonatal rats under hyperoxic conditions was notably increased compared with rats inhaling room air (P < 0.01). In vitro, 40% O2 was beneficial for cell growth. However, 60% O2 and 90% O2 induced rapid cell death. Also, 40% O2 induced expression of SC by intestinal epithelial cells, whereas 60% O2did not; however, 90% O2 limited the ability of intestinal epithelial cells to express SC. In vivo and in vitro, moderate hyperoxia brought about increases in intestinal SC. This would be expected to bring about an increase in intestinal SIgA. High levels of SC and SIgA would serve to benefit hyperoxia-exposed individuals by helping to maintain optimal conditions in the intestinal tract.

Reduction of the amount of intestinal secretory IgA in fulminant hepatic failure

Intestinal barrier dysfunction plays an important role in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. In the present study, changes in the intestinal barrier with regard to levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and its components were studied in fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescent staining were used to detect intestinal IgA, the secretory component (SC) and SIgA in patients with FHF (20 patients) and in an animal model with FHF (120 mice). Real-time PCR was used to detect intestinal SC mRNA in the animal model with FHF. Intestinal SIgA, IgA, and SC staining in patients with FHF was significantly weaker than in the normal control group (30 patients). Intestinal IgA and SC staining was significantly weaker in the animal model with FHF than in the control groups (normal saline: 30 mice; lipopolysaccharide: 50 mice; D-galactosamine: 50 mice; FHF: 120 mice). SC mRNA of the animal model with FHF at 2, 6, and 9 h after injection was 0.4 ± 0.02, 0.3 ± 0.01, 0.09 ± 0.01, respectively. SC mRNA of the animal model with FHF was significantly decreased compared to the normal saline group (1.0 ± 0.02) and lipopolysaccharide group (0.89 ± 0.01). The decrease in intestinal SIgA and SC induced failure of the intestinal immunologic barrier and the attenuation of gut immunity in the presence of FHF.

Implication de DC-SIGN et DC-SIGNR dans la transmission mère-enfant du VIH-1

La transmission mère-enfant du VIH-1 (TME) représente le principal mode d’infection chez l’enfant et se produit durant la grossesse (in utero, IU), l’accouchement (intrapartum, IP) ou l’allaitement (postpartum, PP). Les mécanismes qui sous-tendent le passage du VIH-1 à travers le placenta et les muqueuses intestinales du nouveau-né sont encore très peu décrits. « Dendritic cell-specific ICAM-grabbing non-integrin » (DC-SIGN) et son homologue DC-SIGN « related » (DC-SIGNR) sont des récepteurs d’antigènes exprimés au niveau du placenta et capables de capter et de transmettre le VIH-1 aux cellules adjacentes. Ils pourraient donc participer au passage trans placentaire du VIH-1 et le polymorphisme génétique affectant l’expression ou modifiant l’interaction avec le virus aurait une influence sur la TME du VIH-1. Afin d’explorer cette hypothèse, nous avons procédé à une analyse exhaustive du polymorphisme de DC-SIGN et DC-SIGNR dans la population du Zimbabwe. Par la suite, nous avons déterminé l’association entre le polymorphisme de DC-SIGN et DC-SIGNR et la TME du VIH-1 dans une cohorte d’enfants nés de mères VIH-positives à Harare, au Zimbabwe. Enfin, nous avons défini l’impact fonctionnel des mutations associées. Les enfants homozygotes pour les haplotypes H1 et H3 dans le gène de DC-SIGNR sont 4 à 6 fois plus à risque de contracter le VIH-1 par voie IU et IP. H1 et H3 contiennent la mutation du promoteur p-198A et la mutation de l’intron 2, int2-180A, et des études fonctionnelles nous ont permis de démontrer que p-198A diminue l’activité transcriptionnelle du promoteur de DC-SIGNR et l’expression des transcrits d’ARNm dans le placenta, alors que int2-180A modifie le répertoire d’isoformes de DC-SIGNR vers une proportion diminuée d’isoformes membranaires. Les enfants porteurs des haplotypes H4 et H6 de DC-SIGN sont 2 à 6 fois plus à risque de contracter le VIH-1 par voie IU. Ces haplotypes contiennent deux mutations du promoteur (p-336T/C et p-201C/A) et quatre mutations codant pour un changement d’acide aminé dans l’exon 4 (R198Q, E214D, R221Q ou L242V) associées à un risque augmenté de transmission IU, IP et PP du VIH-1. Des études fonctionnelles ont démontré que les mutations du promoteur diminuent l’expression de DC-SIGN dans les macrophages placentaires. Toutefois, l’exposition IU au VIH-1 module le niveau d’expression de DC-SIGN, résultant en des niveaux d’expression similaires entre les macrophages des porteurs des allèles sauvages et mutés. Les mutations de l’exon 4 augmentent l’affinité de DC-SIGN pour le VIH-1 et sa capacité à capturer et à transmettre le virus aux lymphocytes T, favorisant possiblement la dissémination du VIH-1 à travers le placenta. L’association entre les mutations de DC-SIGN et la transmission IP et PP du VIH-1 suggèrent qu’il aurait aussi un rôle à jouer dans les muqueuses intestinales de l’enfant. Notre étude démontre pour la première fois l’implication de DC-SIGN et DC-SIGNR dans la TME du VIH-1. L’augmentation des capacités de capture et de transmission de DC-SIGN résulte en une susceptibilité accrue de l’enfant à l’infection au VIH-1 et concorde avec un rôle dans la dissémination transplacentaire. Toutefois, la diminution préférentielle des transcrits membranaires de DC-SIGNR au placenta augmente la TME du VIH-1 et laisse croire à son implication via un autre mécanisme. Ces mécanismes pourraient aussi s’appliquer à d’autres pathogènes reconnus par DC-SIGN et DC-SIGNR et transmis de la mère à l’enfant.

The gut microbiota elicits a profound metabolic reorientation in the mouse jejunal mucosa during conventionalisation

Objective: Proper interactions between the intestinal mucosa, gut microbiota and nutrient flow are required to establish homoeostasis of the host. Since the proximal part of the small intestine is the first region where these interactions occur, and since most of the nutrient absorption occurs in the jejunum, it is important to understand the dynamics of metabolic responses of the mucosa in this intestinal region.Design: Germ-free mice aged 8-10 weeks were conventionalised with faecal microbiota, and responses of the jejunal mucosa to bacterial colonisation were followed over a 30-day time course. Combined transcriptome, histology, (1)H NMR metabonomics and microbiota phylogenetic profiling analyses were used.Results: The jejunal mucosa showed a two-phase response to the colonising microbiota. The acute-phase response, which had already started 1 day after conventionalisation, involved repression of the cell cycle and parts of the basal metabolism. The secondary-phase response, which was consolidated during conventionalisation (days 4-30), was characterised by a metabolic shift from an oxidative energy supply to anabolic metabolism, as inferred from the tissue transcriptome and metabonome changes. Detailed transcriptome analysis identified tissue transcriptional signatures for the dynamic control of the metabolic reorientation in the jejunum. The molecular components identified in the response signatures have known roles in human metabolic disorders, including insulin sensitivity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: This study elucidates the dynamic jejunal response to the microbiota and supports a prominent role for the jejunum in metabolic control, including glucose and energy homoeostasis. The molecular signatures of this process may help to find risk markers in the declining insulin sensitivity seen in human type 2 diabetes mellitus, for instance.

A defined intestinal colonization microbiota for gnotobiotic pigs

Maximising the ability of piglets to survive exposure to pathogens is essential to reduce early piglet mortality, an important factor in efficient commercial pig production. Mortality rates can be influenced by many factors, including early colonization by microbial commensals. Here we describe the development of an intestinal microbiota, the Bristol microbiota, for use in gnotobiotic pigs and its influence on synthesis of systemic immunoglobulins. Such a microbiota will be of value in studies of the consequences of early microbial colonization on development of the intestinal immune system and subsequent susceptibility to disease. Gnotobiotic pig studies lack a well-established intestinal microbiota. The use of the Altered Schaedler Flora (ASF), a murine intestinal microbiota, to colonize the intestines of Caesarean-derived, gnotobiotic pigs prior to gut closure, resulted in unreliable colonization with most (but not all) strains of the ASF. Subsequently, a novel, simpler porcine microbiota was developed. The novel microbiota reliably colonized the length of the intestinal tract when administered to gnotobiotic piglets. No health problems were observed, and the novel microbiota induced a systemic increase in serum immunoglobulins, in particular IgA and IgM. The Bristol microbiota will be of value for highly controlled, reproducible experiments of the consequences of early microbial colonization on susceptibility to disease in neonatal piglets, and as a biomedical model for the impact of microbial colonization on development of the intestinal mucosa and immune system in neonates.

The development of a Defense System against Coxsackievirus B5 Infection in Suckling Mice

There are many viruses that are able to infect the alimentary tract of man. Little is known, however, about the mechanism of infection itself or the pathophysiology of the gut during infection. 'The research reported here is concerned with the differences in susceptibility among suckling mice of various ages inoculated by the intraperitoneal and intragastric routes. Since the normal mode of entry of many viruses to the gut is via the oral route, Coxsackievirus B5, a human enterovirus which does attack this way, was utilized. It is a non-tumor producing RNA virus that has been shown to act similarly in the mouse and human. The virus was pooled in HeLa cell cultures and titered by a plaquing assay in the same cell cultures. CD-l mice, 10, 14, 18, and 22 days old , were infected either orally or intraperitoneally with 5.0 x 10^10 (10 day old animals) and 1.0 x10^9 plaque forming units per animal. Dissections were done at 1 and 3 days post infection with samples of the blood, heart, liver, and gut being taken from each animal. Each sample was titered individually and the data presented as an average of six samples. As a result of previous work, it is known that the gut of a newborn mouse isn't able to decrease the concentration of the infecting dose and therefore provides no defense against an enteric infection with Coxsackievirus B5. In contrat, mature mice are able to reduce the amount of viral dissemination across the gut as well as inhibit replication after absorption has occurred. The results of this study indicate that there is a double barrier system developing in suckling mice that is involved with and directly related to the gastrointestinal tract The first part of this defense is the inhibition of penetration of virus across the gut when the primary site of' infection is the intestinal mucosa. This mechanism develops sometime around 20 to 22 days after birth. At about 16-18 days of age, suckling mice that were challenged intragastrically are able to stop active replication and initiate clearance of virus from the systemic circulation. There are many factors that might contribute to the marked decrease in susceptibility with age of suckling mice. Some of these or possibly a combination of these factors might explain the defense mechanisms described above, but to date, the chemistry or mechanical functioning of the gastrointestinal barrier to enteric viral infection is unknown.

Estudo morfométrico e estereológico digital da mucosa do intestino delgado de crianças eutróficas e desnutridas com diarréia

Objetivos: Testar a hipótese de que a mucosa do intestino delgado proximal de crianças com diarréia persistente apresenta alterações morfométricas e estereológicas proporcionais ao estado nutricional. Métodos: estudo transversal, incluindo 65 pacientes pediátricos internados no período de maio de 1989 a novembro de 1991, com idade entre 4 meses e 5 anos , com diarréia de mais de 14 dias de duração, que necessitaram realizar biópsia de intestino delgado como parte do protocolo de investigação. A avaliação nutricional foi realizada pelos métodos de Gomez, Waterlow e pelos escores z para peso/ idade (P/I), peso/estatura (P/E) e estatura/idade (E/I), divididos em: eutróficos = z ≥ 2 DP e desnutridos z < -2dp; eutróficos = z ≥ 2 DP, risco nutricional = z < -1DP e desnutridos = z < -2DP; e de maneira contínua em ordem decrescente, utilizando-se as tabelas do NCHS. A captura e análise das imagens por programa de computador foi efetuada com o auxílio do patologista. Nos fragmentos de mucosa do intestino delgado, foram medidas a altura dos vilos, a profundidade das criptas, a espessura da mucosa, a espessura total da mucosa e a relação vilo/cripta, com aumento de 100 vezes. Com aumento de 500 vezes, foram medidas a altura do enterócito, a altura do núcleo e do bordo em escova. O programa computadorizado utilizado foi o Scion Image. A análise estereológica, foi feita com o uso de arcos ciclóides. Resultados: Para os escores z P/I, P/E e E/I, divididos em duas categorias de estado nutricional, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante quanto às medidas da altura dos vilos, profundidade das criptas, espessura da mucosa, espessura total da mucosa e relação vilo/cripta. A altura do enterócito foi a característica que apresentou maior diferença entre os grupos eutrófico e desnutrido, para os índices P/I e P/E, em 500 aumentos, sem atingir significância estatística. Quando os escores z foram divididos em 3 categorias de estado nutricional, a análise morfométrica digitalizada mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante para a relação vilo/cripta entre eutróficos e desnutridos leves e entre eutróficos e desnutridos moderados e graves (p=0,048). A relação vilo/cripta foi maior nos eutróficos. A avaliação nutricional pelos critérios de Waterlow e a análise estereológica não mostraram associação com o estado nutricional. Pelo método de Gomez, houve diferença estatisticamente significante para a altura do enterócito entre eutróficos e desnutridos de Grau III: quanto maior o grau de desnutrição, menor a altura do enterócito (r= -.3330; p = 0,005). As variáveis altura do enterócito, altura do núcleo do enterócito e do bordo em escova apresentaram uma clara associação com os índices P/I (r=0,25;p=0,038), P/E (r=0,029;p=0,019) e com o critério de avaliação nutricional de Gomez (r=-0,33;p=0,007), quando foram avaliadas pelo coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. A altura do núcleo mostrou associação com o índice P/I (r=0,24;p=0,054). A altura do bordo em escova mostrou associação com o índice P/I (r=0,26;p=0,032) e a avaliação nutricional de Gomez (r=-0,28;p=0,020). Conclusões: As associações encontradas entre o estado nutricional - avaliado de acordo com Gomez e os índices P/I e P/E - e as variáveis da mucosa do intestino delgado mostraram relação com o peso dos pacientes. Embora estas associações tenham sido de magnitude fraca a moderada, há uma tendência à diminuição do tamanho do enterócito, seu núcleo e seu bordo em escova à medida que aumenta o grau de desnutrição.

Bacterial translocation in rats nonfunctioning diverted distal colon

To investigate whether the alterations of the diverted colon segment mucosa, evidenced in fecal colitis, would be able to alter Bacterial Translocation (BT). Methods: Sixty-two Wistar male rats ranging from 220 to 320 grams of weight, were divided in two groups: A (Colostomy) and B (Control), with 31 animals each one. In group A, all animals underwent end colostomy, one stoma, in ascending colon; and in the 70th POD was injected in five rats, by rectal route – diverted segment - 2ml of a 0.9% saline solution in animals (A1 subgroup); in eight it was inoculated, by rectal route, 2ml of a solution containing Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (American Type Culture Collection), in a concentration of 108 Colony Forming Unit for milliliters (CFU/ml) - A2 Subgroup; in ten animals the same solution of E. coli was inoculated, in a concentration of 1011 CFU/ml (A3 Subgroup); and in eight it was collected part of the mucus found in the diverted distal colonic segment for neutral sugars and total proteins dosage (A4 subgroup). The animals from the group B underwent the same procedures of group A, but with differences in the colostomy confection. In rats from subgroups A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, and B3 2ml of blood were aspirated from the heart, and fragments from mesenteric lymphatic nodule, liver, spleen, lung and kidney taken for microbiological analysis, after their death. This analysis consisted of evidencing the presence of E. coli ATCC 25922 CFU. Mann-Whitney and ANOVA Tests were applied as analytic techniques for association of variables. Results: The occurrence of BT was evidenced only in those animals in which inoculated concentration of E. coli ATCC 25922, reached levels of 1011CFU/ml, i.e. in Subgroups A3 and B3, although, being significantly greater (80%) in those animals without colostomy (subgroup B3) when compared to the ones with colostomy (20%) from the subgroup A3 (P <0.05). Lung, liver and mesenteric lymphatic nodules were the tissues with larger percentile of bacterial recovery, so much in subgroup A3, as in B3. Blood culture was considered positive in 60% of the animals from subgroup B3 and in 10% of those from subgroup A3 (p <0.05). There was greater concentration of neutral sugars, in subgroup A4 - mean 27.3mg/ml -, than in subgroup B4 - mean 8.4mg/ml - (P <0.05). Conclusion: The modifications in the architecture of intestinal mucosa in colitis following fecal diversion can cause alterations in the intestinal barrier, but it does not necessarily lead to an increased frequency of BT

Morfologia e quantificação da microbiota intestinal do curimbatá (Prochilodus lineatus) e do cascudo cinza (Pterygoplichthys anisitsi) cultivados em cativeiro

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Use of scanning electron microscopy for the evaluation of intestinal epithelium integrity

Propõe-se, neste trabalho, o uso de microscopia eletrônica de varredura para avaliar perda de epitélio intestinal da mucosa intestinal de pintos machos e fêmeas submetidos a prolongado jejum pós-eclosão de água e ração. Dois segmentos do duodeno, jejuno e íleo por ave foram coletados e processados pelo método de rotina para microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Seis diferentes graus de perda de epitélio intestinal foram determinados: grau 0, vilos normais, sem extrusão; grau 1, vilos com pequenos pontos de extrusão; grau 2, vilos com perda de epitélio no ápice; grau 3, vilos com perda de epitélio na região apical; grau 4, vilos com perda de epitélio em sua metade superior; grau 5: vilos sem epitélio; grau 6: vilo quebrado. As três regiões intestinais das fêmeas apresentaram aproximadamente 90% de seus vilos normais (graus 0 e 1), enquanto nos machos ocorreu 38% de vilos normais no duodeno e jejuno e 85% no íleo. Além disso, machos apresentaram graus mais acentuados de perda de epitélio (graus 3, 4, 5 e 6) que as fêmeas (grau 3). Os dados indicaram que a mucosa intestinal de pintos machos é mais sensível a prolongado jejum pós-eclosão que a de pintos fêmeas. A microscopia eletrônica de varredura pode ser usada como um método de rotina seguro para a caracterização e quantificação de perda de epitélio intestinal.

Efeitos de fontes protéicas na dieta sobre a morfologia intestinal e o desenvolvimento pancreático de leitões recém-desmamados

Objetivou-se neste trabalho analisar os efeitos do uso de hidrolisado protéico do conteúdo celular de levedura (HPCCL), da proteína isolada de soja (PIS), do hidrolisado protéico de mucosa intestinal de suínos (HPMIS) e do leite em pó integral em substituição parcial ao farelo de soja sobre a morfologia do intestino delgado e o desenvolvimento pancreático de leitões aos 7 e 14 dias pós-desmame. Foram utilizados 44 leitões desmamados aos 21 dias de idade, com peso de 5,5 ± 0,6 kg, alimentados desde o desmame com as seguintes dietas isonutritivas: FS - ração à base de milho e farelo de soja; LPI - ração FS + leite em pó integral; LPI+HPMIS - ração LPI mais HPMIS; LPI+PIS - ração LPI mais PIS; LPI+HPCCL- ração LPI mais HPCCL. Os tratamentos não influenciaram a morfologia intestinal dos leitões, evidenciando que nenhuma das fontes protéicas utilizadas foi capaz de minimizar os efeitos deletérios da mudança da alimentação sobre a vilosidade intestinal. Os animais alimentados com LPI+PIS e LPI+HPMIS apresentaram, aos sete dias pós-desmame, o maior desenvolvimento pancreático. Concluiu-se, portanto, que todas as fontes protéicas estudadas foram igualmente adequadas para a formulação de dietas de desmame.