Globaaliin toimintaympäristöön soveltuva johtamisstrategiamalli

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli kuvata ja ymmärtää, millaisella johtamisstrategiamallilla yritys voi saavuttaa menestystä globaalissa toimintaympäristössä. Johtamisstrategia-termi sisältää sekä kilpailu- että konsernistrategian ja käsittää organisaation kilpailustrategian muotoilun ja sen implementoinnin. Tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin olemassa olevaan tekstiaineistoon perustuvaa tulkitsevaa käsitetutkimusta, jolle on ominaista, ettei tutkija ole vuorovaikutuksessa aineiston tuottajan kanssa. Tutkimuksen aineistona oli kaksi globaaliin toimintaympäristöön soveltuvaa strategisen suunnittelun teosta. Aineiston laadullisella analyysillä tuotettiin vastaukset tutkimuskysymyksiin. Tulkintateoriana käytettiin yrityksen välittäjäteoriaa, joka on talous- ja johtamistieteistä integroitu lähestymistapa. Tutkimuksen tuloksena laadittiin globaaliin toimintaympäristöön soveltuva johtamisstrategiamalli, minkä avulla yritysten strateginen johto ja avustavat asiantuntijat voivat muotoilla omien yritystensä tarpeisiin soveltuvan yksilöllisen strategian, jolla menestyä. Uutta mallissa oli globaaliin muutokseen sopeutumisen tarkastelu integroimalla sekä talous- että johtamistieteiden näkökulmia kilpailustrategiaan huomioiden sekä markkinoiden ulkoiset mahdollisuudet että organisationaaliset resurssit ja pätevyydet.

Dynamic Ownership in Family Business System – A Portfolio Business Approach

Family businesses are among the longest-lived most prevalent institutions in the world and they are an important source of economic development and growth. Ownership is a key to the business life of the firm and also one main key in family business definition. There is only a little portfolio entrepreneurship or portfolio business research within family business context. The absence of empirical evidence on the long-term relationship between family ownership and portfolio development presents an important gap in the family business literature. This study deals with the family business ownership changes and the development of portfolios in the family business and it is positioned in to the conversation of family business, growth, ownership, management and strategy. This study contributes and expands the existing body of theory on family business and ownership. From the theoretical point of view this study combines insights from the fields of portfolio entrepreneurship, ownership, and family business and integrate them. This crossfertilization produces interesting empirical and theoretical findings that can constitute a basis for solid contributions to the understanding of ownership dynamics and portfolio entrepreneurship in family firms. The research strategy chosen for this study represents longitudinal, qualitative, hermeneutic, and deductive approaches.The empirical part of study is using a case study approach with embedded design, that is, multiple levels of analysis within a single study. The study consists of two cases and it begins with a pilot case which will form a preunderstanding on the phenomenon. Pilot case develops the methodology approach to build in the main case and the main case will deepen the understanding of the phenomenon. This study develops and tests a research method of family business portfolio development focusing on investigating how ownership changes are influencing to the family business structures over time. This study reveals the linkages between dimensions of ownership and how they give rise to portfolio business development within the context of the family business. The empirical results of the study suggest that family business ownership is dynamic and owners are using ownership as a tool for creating business portfolios.

Sorovares de Salmonella em carne de eqüídeos abatidos no nordeste do Brasil

Nas décadas de 60 e 70, houve um extraordinário incremento da exportação de produtos cárneos de eqüídeos dos países da América do Sul para a Europa e Japão. Este acontecimento favoreceu o aumento de risco da veiculação de Salmonella através desses produtos, para as populações humana e animal, consumidoras. Assim, num estabelecimento industrial e exportador de carne de eqüídeos localizado no nordeste do Brasil (Pernambuco), foram analisados bacteriologicamente, 19.238 fragmentos de músculos mais externos, que revelaram 666 exames positivos referentes a 433 animais (eqüinos e asininos) e resultando no isolamento de 745 cepas de Salmonella. Na amostragem foram caracterizados do ponto de vista antigênico 98 sorovares, predominantemente classificados na subespécie I (98,9%) e tendo como os mais freqüentes S. Anatum, S. Carrau, S. Saintpaul, S. Agona e S. Typhimurium. Pelas análises efetuadas admite-se que as causas primordiais da presença de Salmonella nas carnes, provavelmente decorreu do contato com os excretas dos animais abatidos, bem como pela possível contaminação ambiental resultante, tendo em vista a ausência de portadores humanos, pesquisados numa parcela do pessoal.

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