Teorias e práticas na educação infantil: a construção do fazer docente

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Podcast: Orientações para o Estágio 4 – Educação Infantil

Podcast gravado pela professora Aline Sommerhalder para a disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado do Ensino 4: Educação Infantil.

A representação social dos professores da prática do letramento na educação infantil do município de Lagoa do Carro

Este estudo buscou analisar a Representação Social dos professores da prática do letramento na Educação Infantil; relacionar as representações sociais acerca do letramento da educação infantil e inovação pedagógica e identificar se essas representações orientam suas práticas em prol da construção do conhecimento da criança através da prática do letramento. O referencial orientador da investigação é a Teoria das Representações Sociais de Serge Moscovici. Assim como vários estudiosos do Letramento e Inovação Pedagógica, o objeto deste estudo foram tomados como referências no intuito de compreender a representação da relação entre a teoria e a prática bem como implicações para uma inovação pedagógica. No percurso metodológico, optou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa, por trazer uma descrição dos fenômenos apresentados no contexto, e que, de acordo Minayo (2001), nas Ciências Sociais, ocupa-se com um nível de realidade que não pode ser quantificado, por conseguinte trabalhando com o universo de significados, aspirações, motivos, valores, crenças e atitudes. O campo da pesquisa configurou-se em duas escolas da Rede Pública Municipal da cidade de Lagoa do Carro – Pernambuco/Brasil. Os participantes foram quarenta e quatro sujeitos entre eles trinta e cinco professores, quatro supervisores e cinco coordenadores pedagógicos. Os instrumentos utilizados para coleta e geração dos dados foram questionário, entrevista semi-estruturada e observação participante, os quais foram tratados pela análise de conteúdo proposto por Bardin (2010). Os resultados do estudo apontaram para a compreensão de uma prática que tem no letramento uma representação social de ser um processo de aquisição de leitura e escrita, tendo como inovação a utilização de métodos ou técnicas, revelando que o processo de formação não atingiu os aspectos necessários para caracterizar uma prática educativa inovadora em que o papel do professor seria de propor ambientes favoráveis a uma aprendizagem atuando como mediador e ao mesmo tempo de ser um aprendiz ao considerar a capacidade de reflexão apresentado pelas crianças, diferenciando de um paradigma fabril que persiste na organização tradicional das escolas.

A utilização pedagógica das inteligências múltiplas como inovação da prática formativa: um estudo etnográfico realizado com professores da educação infantil

Este trabalho teve como objetivo compreender a emergência das Inteligências Múltiplas na prática pedagógica, tendo como campo de pesquisa três turmas da Educação Infantil em uma escola particular na cidade de Feira de Santana – Bahia. Utilizou-se o método etnográfico, a abordagem qualitativa de base hermenêutica e a coleta de dados feita através de observação participante, entrevista com as professoras das referidas turmas, imagens e análise de documentos. Assim, a pesquisa interpretou a forma como a teoria se fundamenta e se configura nas práticas pedagógicas e explicitou contextualmente as ações observadas que validaram as práticas pedagógicas como inovadoras. Nesta perspectiva, a presente pesquisa fornece conceitos e estratégias inovadoras que contribuirão para o enriquecimento de práticas dos educadores e consequentemente para uma aprendizagem voltada para o desenvolvimento das habilidades e competências dos alunos.

Ensino de matemática, história da matemática e artefatos: Possibilidade de interligar saberes em cursos de formação de professores da Educação Infantil e anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental.

This work is located at the shield of research that defends the use of Mathematics History, based on the utilization of historical artifacts at teaching activities, at Mathematics classrooms, and at graduation courses for teachers of Elementary School and of the first grades of High School. The general objective is to examine the possibility of the use of historical artifacts, at teaching activities, at graduation courses for teachers of Elementary School and of the first grades of High School. Artifact, at this work, is comprehended as objects, documents, monuments, images and other kinds of materials that make sense to the Human actions at the past and that represent what have been said and done at the Human history. At the construction of the theoretical-methodological way of the research we have based ourselves upon the ideas of the authors that are engaged at the teachers formation; at researchers adherents to the use of Mathematics History (MH) as a methodological resource, and at studies accomplished that elucidate the role of the artifacts at the history and as a mediatory element of learning. We defend the thesis that the utilization of historical artifacts at teaching activities enables the increasing of the knowledge, the development of competencies and essential abilities to the teacher acting, as well as interact at different areas of the knowledge, that provides a conception of formation where the teacher improves his learning, learning-doing and learning-being. We have adopted a qualitative research approach with a theoretical and pratic study disposition about the elements that contribute to the teachers works at the classroom, emphasizing the role of the Mathematics history at the teacher s formation and as a pedagogical resource at the mathematics classroom; the knowledge, the competencies and abilities of the historical artifacts as an integrative link between the different areas of the knowledge. As result, we emphasize that the proposition of using the MH, through learning activities, at the course of teacher graduation is relevant, because it allows the investigation of ideas that originate the knowledge generated at every social context, considering the contribution of the social and cultural, political and economical aspects at this construction, making easy the dialog among the areas and inside of each one The historical artifact represents a research source that can be deciphered, comprehended, questioned, extracting from it information about knowledge of the past, trace and vestiges of the culture when it was created, consisting of a testimony of a period. These aspects grant to it consideration to be explored as a mediatory element of the learning. The artifacts incorporated at teaching activities of the graduation courses for teachers promote changes on the view about the Mathematics teaching, in view of to privilege the active participation of the student at the construction of his knowledge, at the reflection about the action that has been accomplished, promoting stimulus so the teachers can create their own artifacts, and offer, either, traces linking the Mathematics with others knowledge areas.

Concepções de infância e de educação infantil que permeiam a prática docente

This investigation proposes to analyze the teaching practice in the Child Education, considering the childhood and the Child Education conceptions declared by the teachers. It was opted as methodological approach the qualitative conception of research, marking a critical perspective of the subjects, and their relations in the educational processes. It was privileged as instruments of construction of the data, the observation of the practices of the teachers developed in the ordinary day, the semistructured interviews, and the documental analysis to complement information, through the developing report of the students, done by the teachers in the end of the teaching year. This way, from the understanding of the childhood in a social perspective, and historically constructed, considering the concrete children insertion in the social reality and the child as a whole subject and by rights, it was developed the interpretative analysis of the data. The investigated reality showed that the childhood conceptions linked to the comprehension of child and child development, declared by the teachers, subjects of the research, have been associated, in some aspects, to the present thought of thinking and acting in relation to the small child, evidencing, consequently, several limitations of pedagogical order, and the demanding evidence of a bigger development of the teachers about the question.

DANÇA: linguagem do corpo na educação infantil

This production is a reflection about the practices/experiences involving the teaching of the dance developed by the teachers in the Núcleo de Educação Infantil (NEI/UFRN), with the children from 2 to 7 years old, having as objectives: describe and interpret the lived experiences with the dance focusing on the meaning of the dance and organization of the pedagogic job, identify blanks in the pedagogic practices of dance and appoint possible perspectives to the teaching of dance on the infant education. The way from the investigation has begun with the following question: Who do the teachers understand the dance and live it on the Núcleo de Educação Infantil? The research of phenomenological orientation toke as methodological reference the qualitative approach from the placed phenomenon type, this one has as beginning the interest on the phenomenon by the way as it happens on the lived experience from where comes the knowledge with we can present about the world, trying to interpret it, understand it on its essence/existence. The interviews showed that the researched subjects give to the dance different meanings and consequently present variations on the manner to organize the work around this knowledge. The most of the teachers recognizes the dance as a culture expression, being a priority on the school the job with the folkloric dances. They recognize too the dance as knowledge/content coming from the Arts and Physical Education areas and its relation with the knowledge from others areas on the pedagogic action. There were found different process on the way to conduct the job with the dance in relates from experiences done with dance at NEI and, therefore, of teach/learn this knowledge. Its perceptible that exists a systematic work with the objective of develop the dance and its various educative possibilities, starting from the research about its origins, the exploration of the movement, the contextualization until the artistic practice. Those possibilities are reinforced on the school s curricular propose. Some experiences have as a priority the free expression, the dance s vision without context or the reproduction of movements as stand manners of teaching dance, situations like those observed on the investigation as products from the blanks on the academic formation from the teachers with must be fixed. The interpretation of the experiences with dance, described by the teachers from NEI, connected with the theoretical referential from the investigation, allowed to appoint three perspectives to the work with dance in the infant education, having as main interlocutors Merleau-Ponty and Rudolf Laban: the dance as the body s language; the dance and its movement factors; imitate, improvise and play: manners of draw ways to dance. On those process are emphasized the dance on the scholar context, the elements that constitute this language and the forms of appropriate from it supported in a ludicrous, poetic and educative vision, having as focus the children s education on its peculiarities and possibilities

A recepção da criança com deficiência intelectual ao texto literário na educação infantil

The focus of this thesis is children's reception to literary texts starting from literary livelihood in an inclusive literary context, looking for the possible evidences that are present in the construction as reader/hearing of literature. Based on a study case, we search the ways of participation of a child (girl) with intellectual deficiency in situations of offering and reception of literary texts, looking for the understanding and explication of some aspects of her processing and the building up of an initial reader. The data were taken starting from observations in moments of reading and story-telling in the period from November to December/2008 and May to June/2009 in a public school of children education, in Natal- Brazil, in which there was a registered student showing intellectual deficiency associated to Down syndrome. As research tools we used: field diary, interview scripts and video recordings. The analyses were based on research from Amarilha (2001, 2006a, 2006b), Bettelheim (2007), Coelho (2008), Iser (1996), Jauss (1979, 1994), Luria (1990a, 1990b), Vygotsky (1991, 1993), Wallon (2007, 2008) amongst others. The research showed that although expressing little verbalization and limited levels of attention, body attitudes, movements and talks of the child under investigation, denounced engagement and rendition to the sonority of the texts shared. These data gives us traces that, under a mediating action, the child with intellectual limitation can turn into a reader/hearing subject of literature, developing a sensitive and a selective attitude towards the literary text. Amongst other aspects, we identified that (1) a conception of deficiency present through the school that recognizes his/her potential of developing and learning (2) the situation of sharing, that favours a relation with the texts through the other, and (3) the relevance of orality providing the semantic paths that help the child in the building up of meaning, presenting themselves as fundamental to her/his viewing of the literary text, and, therefore, the formation of the reader. Thus, recognizing her/his capacity and possibilities, we think it is important to guarantee to the child with intellectual deficiency, a space towards interaction with the fictional text in which the child can learn and live its ludic and interactive character, to enjoy its hearing abilities, benefiting, then, from the aesthetic experience lived, mainly, in collective situations mediated through the more experient reader and shared with her/his different pairs. The research shows yet that, looking after conditions that guarantee a comfortable environment to the story hearings in the classrooms that focus on children education, being aware of a selection and the prosody of stories, the didactic contract, the attention to individual reactions, enlarge the possibility of any child deficient or not to enjoy her/himself as reader/ hearing subject of literature, engaged in its richness and magic

Dançando com gatos e passáros: O movimento ecossistêmico da ludopoiese na educação infantil

This study shows the movement of educators ludopoiese ecosystem of the Center for Early Childhood Education Marise Paiva-CEIMAP. We used the metaphorof dance as an opportunity to stimulate scientific creativity. Ecosystem Thought, complex thinking, the theory of autopoiesis and Flow Theory, constituted the main theoretical steps to understand the phenomenon of ludopoiese, from the look of your totalidadem with the following objectives: 1 - Identify and interpret the process of self ludopoiética CEIMAP of Early Childhood Educators in the actions of the play, care for and educate in school life; 2 - Analyze Ecosystem Thought from ludopoiéticos how these processes affect and / or possible changes and transformations in practice humanescenteseducational CEIMAP. The theoretical metodógicos steps to address the proposed objectives are grounded in existential action research part of the appreciation of the complexity of the real, considering the human being a whole dynamic. In this sense the game of sand, recreational experiences, the systematic studies and video training were explored with a view to the transdisciplinary relevance of everyday phenomena. New knowledge acquired in accordance with the directions given indicating the movement of the ecosystem studied ludopoiese educators, involved in four main streams: love, play, care for and raise it from love streamline interdependently. The ludopoiese eachteacher would then be fed by this web generated by love that permeates all other educational activities, nurturing and maintaining a constant creative self-organization of knowledge and know-how to be teachers. Thus, every network that generates andstream lines the system emerges ludopoiético biology of love, the open dialogue and playing in the wishing well to the student, the aesthetic beauty of caring and educating, as a human conditionand relevant as possible to live / live not only in teaching children, but in other educational contexts of teaching and teacher education

Concepões e práticas pedagógicas de professoras da educação infantil na inclusão de alunos com deficiência

This research focuses on inclusive in childhood education. Its purpose was to investigate and analyze the conceptions and expectations of teachers of childhood education, childhood education center form Natal/RN, on the inclusion students with disabilities, school and pedagogical practices developed and implications for students learning. Theoric base of the cultural historic perspective, the search took by qualitative analysis of numbers form the case study method. It was used methodological procedures: documentary analysis, participant observation, field journal and semi structures interview.Three teachers participated in the survey of that school had student with disabilities in their classrooms. These teachers were called: Rapunzel, Snow white e Pretty. The teacher s nouns involved the refered kind of education. The data obtained from the observation indicated the regular school of childhood education provides educational practices that promote the participation and participation and development of students with disabilities, live situation that may create barriers to learning and to the development of these children. The analysing data of interview from Bardin content analysis (1994) was based in Cunha s studies (2001) Brun (2006, 2008), Mantoam (2006, 2008), Palacios, Paniagua (2007), among others. The dada showed that correlation and divergence of perceptions and expectations about the issues surrounding inclusion in childhood education. The results shaved that teaching strategies, affective ties, sensitivity and own routine of childhood education are factors that can promote inclusive proposal, but also needs a greater fulfillment individual differences of each child in order to their potentiality. The study also shaved that the negative of pedagogic support to teacher, the ignorance of them as guidelines and strategies that include the student s diversity, the importance having positive conceptions about the learning and development of student with severe learning disabilities and the need for a pedagogic training and of a collective work at school which everybody collaborates : parents, direction, coordination getting inclusive school. Believe that this study pointed relevant issues to be focus new research, since the theme is still lacking in study, therefore emphasize, the importance of conducting research that continuous this job

O brincar e a criança com deficiência física na educação infantil : o que pensam as crianças e suas professoras

The present study had the purpose of examining the disabled children s way of playing on everyday situations in the CMEIs (acronym in Portuguese for City s Early Childhood Education Center ) of Natal/RN, by watching and listening to three children and their teachers, trying to understand how the games existent in these contexts involve the different subjects of the learning process, and which contributions emerge for a valuable pedagogic work, capable of providing the children s inclusion in the Early Childhood Education. This qualitative investigation was built as a case study, collecting data through watching and interviews. Throughout the observations, it was indispensable to look into the different contexts of the school routine, to capture and analyze events that could answer to what was being studied. The accessibility conditions of the school spaces were also observed. The interviews made possible to extract from the subjects what they think and how they perceive themselves when playing. The acquired data were analyzed having as counterparts contemporary studies and theories about playing, childhood and school inclusion, and published documents from the Education and Culture Department that treat of this theme as the guiding axis of the pedagogic proposes aimed to the Early Childhood Education. The revelations of the research show that is necessary to put effort on the disabled children s playing inside the context of the Early Childhood Education, regarding the accomplishment of accessibility laws that treat of school spaces and providing of equipment and resources that respect those children s characteristics, as well as providing opportunities for initial and continued training for the teachers, under the perspective of inclusive education and playing