800 resultados para FARC-EP
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Ofrece conceptos básicos para encuadrar el tema de estudio. Se realiza un análisis situacional de la CNT EP, desde su nacimiento, macro y micro ambiente y planificación estratégica que contempla el Plan de Negocios 2013 y la descripción de las operaciones. Estudia los procesos de logística móvil. Presentación de la estructura orgánica y funcional de la Gerencia Nacional Financiera, la Jefatura de Logística y Bodegas y Logística Móvil, se incursiona en temas como la cultura de área, los sistemas de formalización, transaccionales que utiliza y todo el proceso integral de área. Se realiza un análisis de tiempos en el proceso de envío de muestras comerciales para liberación del lote comercial. Se analiza un caso y se aplica una encuesta con el fin de extrapolar la información, esto permite evidenciar el problema de demora en la distribución y recojo de dispositivos móviles. Realiza una entrevista con expertos y se ejecuta un diagrama de Pareto, para luego aplicar la técnica de los 5 porqués y determinar el plan de acción a ejecutarse.
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El presente trabajo pretende analizar metodologías y herramientas de gestión vigentes en todas las instituciones que conforman el sector público ecuatoriano, se lo contrasta con otras y se presenta una propuesta de “Gestión por Resultados” que no afecte al talento humano, tomando como caso particular la Empresa Nacional Minera (ENAMI EP). Para tal propósito, en el primer capítulo se establece y delimita el escenario donde se realiza esta investigación, la fijación de objetivos y la metodología a seguir. En el segundo capítulo se analizan los conceptos que enmarcan la investigación y se realiza un análisis situacional de la Empresa Nacional Minera. El tercer capítulo describe la propuesta de gestión por resultados enfocada en la no afectación del talento humano del Sector Público, en términos generales y en particular para el caso de la Empresa Nacional Minera (ENAMI EP). En el cuarto capítulo, se refieren los métodos que darán operatividad y medición a la propuesta de gestión por resultados, en un sentido amplio se establecerá un mecanismo que permita determinar un camino de implementación organizacional del modelo planteado.
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Propolis has been used in folk medicine and possesses a broad spectrum of biological activities, specially antibacterial activity. Studies have demonstrated that the composition of propolis extract may have influence in such activity. The goal of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of eleven propolis extracts (PE) against sixty one Staphylococcus aureus strains, isolated from newborn clinical specimens. The PE from Apis mellifera were prepared by using pure water and mixtures of water with ethanol at different concentrations (from 0 to 100%), 25g of propolis in 100 mL of solvent, and three days of maceration followed by filtration. Determination of Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) by agar dilution method was performed and serial concentrations from each PE were achieved (%v/v) in plates containing Mueller Hinton agar. It was possible to verify that the anti S. aureus activity was directly proportional to ethanol concentration and no significant differences were observed among PE with ethanol concentration from 70 to 100%. The MIC 90% values ranged from 0.4 to 0.6% (v/v) and the 70% ethanolic extract were the most efficient to inhibit bacterial growth (MIC 90%=0.42%, v/v). In conclusion, our results suggest that the EP composition and, consequently, the concentration of ethanol used as solvent may influence the antibacterial activity of propolis from A. mellifera.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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L’idea del presente elaborato è nata a seguito di una esperienza di tirocinio presso l’agenzia di traduzioni New Service Communication, specializzata nella traduzione di brevetti. Durante questo stage ho potuto apprendere questo nuovo tipo di traduzione, che non avevo mai affrontato nel mio percorso di studi, e tradurre il brevetto europeo EP 2 442 329. Di conseguenza, lo scopo del presente elaborato è quello di delineare i tratti principali della traduzione brevettuale, mettendo in luce le caratteristiche per la quale quest’ultima si discosta dagli altri tipi di traduzione. In particolare, nel capitolo 1, dopo una breve presentazione finalizzata a definire il brevetto per invenzione, sarà descritto il sistema brevettuale di tipo europeo, saranno enunciati i requisiti di brevettabilità di un’invenzione e illustrate le varie parti di un documento brevettuale, facendo riferimento a quello europeo da me tradotto. Successivamente, nel capitolo 2 saranno delineati i tratti principali del linguaggio dei brevetti dal punto di vista lessicale e morfosintattico e le caratteristiche di questo tipo di traduzione. Per concludere il capitolo, saranno esposte le diverse fasi dell’iter di traduzione dei brevetti e gli strumenti traduttivi. Infine, nel capitolo 3, saranno presi in esame gli errori commessi durante la traduzione del brevetto europeo EP 2 442 329 con l’aiuto delle correzioni effettuate dal revisore. A questo proposito, saranno forniti esempi per garantire una migliore comprensione del capitolo.
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The results of Eurosceptic parties in the recent European parliament election provide further evidence that the “permissive consensus” on European integration blurred. This paper focuses on the structure of the debate on EU integration issues. Which EU integration issues and positions do parties put forward? Can the debate on EU integration issues be subsumed in one or several dimensions? Do they reflect national political conflicts such as the left-right and the ‘new politics’/cultural divide? Or do they form one unique or several EU-specific dimensions, e.g. national sovereignty versus integration? In order to address these questions, this paper departs from the assumption that debate on European integration is multidimensional in its nature and therefore entails a multitude of issue areas. In other words, it does not look at how socio-economic and cultural issues are related to European integration but focuses on its components, i.e. particular EU-specific policies such as EU-wide employment, environment, immigration and monetary policy. The paper departs from the cleavage theory on political di-visions and different approaches transferring them to EU politics. Two points should be noted; first, this paper does not compare the debate on European integration issues between the national level and the EU level, but whether domestic divisions are reflected at the EU level. Second, it is not concerned with the general ideo-logical profile of political parties on EU integration issues, but on EU issues that parties communicated through press releases. By doing this, the paper is concerned with the salient EU issues that parties touch upon.
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Barukh Glazman
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Understanding the regulation of T-cell responses during inflammation and auto-immunity is fundamental for designing efficient therapeutic strategies against immune diseases. In this regard, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is mostly considered a myeloid-derived immunosuppressive molecule. We describe for the first time that T cells secrete PGE2 during T-cell receptor stimulation. In addition, we show that autocrine PGE2 signaling through EP receptors is essential for optimal CD4(+) T-cell activation in vitro and in vivo, and for T helper 1 (Th1) and regulatory T cell differentiation. PGE2 was found to provide additive co-stimulatory signaling through AKT activation. Intravital multiphoton microscopy showed that triggering EP receptors in T cells is also essential for the stability of T cell-dendritic cell (DC) interactions and Th-cell accumulation in draining lymph nodes (LNs) during inflammation. We further demonstrated that blocking EP receptors in T cells during the initial phase of collagen-induced arthritis in mice resulted in a reduction of clinical arthritis. This could be attributable to defective T-cell activation, accompanied by a decline in activated and interferon-γ-producing CD4(+) Th1 cells in draining LNs. In conclusion, we prove that T lymphocytes secret picomolar concentrations of PGE2, which in turn provide additive co-stimulatory signaling, enabling T cells to attain a favorable activation threshold. PGE2 signaling in T cells is also required for maintaining long and stable interactions with DCs within LNs. Blockade of EP receptors in vivo impairs T-cell activation and development of T cell-mediated inflammatory responses. This may have implications in various pathophysiological settings.
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On the role of parties as important channels for people to voice their preferences there is a sound consensus in the literature. Traditional socio-economic concerns have been more and more displaced by culturally fought issues such as immigration and European integration. Scholarly works, however, have paid less attention how, if at all, parties combine different cultural issues. The primary aim of the analysis is to investigate if and under which conditions parties link immigration and European integration issues to address the growing discontent in the population with these issues. Our expectation is that parties endorse different strategies depending on the party competition, in particular the presence of a populist challenger. The analysis is based on a quantitative content analysis of press releases and newspapers articles published in the 12 weeks preceding the 2014 EP election in five European countries (Austria, Germany, Greece, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom).