Evolution of the last koninckinids (Athyridida, Koninckinidae), a precursor signal of the early Toarcian mass extinction event in the Western Tethys

Koninckinids are a suitable group to shed light on the biotic crisis suffered by brachiopod fauna in the Early Jurassic. Koninckinid fauna recorded in the late Pliensbachian–early Toarcian from the easternmost Subbetic basin is analyzed and identified as a precursor signal for one of the most conspicuous mass extinction events of the Phylum Brachiopoda, a multi-phased interval with episodes of changing environmental conditions, whose onset can be detected from the Elisa–Mirabile subzones up to the early Toarcian extinction boundary in the lowermost Serpentinum Zone (T-OAE). The koninckinid fauna had a previously well-established migration pattern from the intra-Tethyan to the NW-European basins but a first phase with a progressive warming episode in the Pliensbachian–Toarcian transition triggered a koninckinid fauna exodus from the eastern/central Tethys toward the westernmost Mediterranean margins. A second stage shows an adaptive response to more adverse conditions in the westernmost Tethyan margins and finally, an escape and extinction phase is detected in the Atlantic areas from the mid-Polymorphum Zone onwards up to their global extinction in the lowermost Serpentinum Zone. This migration pattern is independent of the paleogeographic bioprovinciality and is unrelated to a facies-controlled pattern. The anoxic/suboxic environmental conditions should only be considered as a minor factor of partial control since well-oxygenated habitats are noted in the intra-Tethyan basins and this factor is noticeable only in the second westward migratory stage (with dwarf taxa and oligotypical assemblages). The analysis of cold-seep proxies in the Subbetic deposits suggests a radiation that is independent of methane releases in the Subbetic basin.

[Commentary on the Old Testament]

[v.1] Genesis, 1841--[v.2] Exodus [1813?]--[v.4] Numbers, 1841--[v.5] Deuteronomy, 1841--[v.6-7] Joshua, Judges, 1842--[v.9-10] I&II Samuel [1805]--[v.11-12] I&II Kings, 1843--[v.18] Job, 1844--[v.19] Psalms, 1843--[v.20] Proverbs, 1844--

The Holy Bible, according to the authorized version (A.D. 1611), with an explanatory and critical commentary and a revision of the translation, by bishops and other clergy of the Anglican church.

"Works ... referred to": New Testament, vol. I, p. lxvi-lxvii: "The principal works consulted": vol. IV, p. 493-494.

Commentary on the Old Testament ...

Imprint varies.

Caedmon's metrical paraphrase of parts of the Holy Scriptures, in Anglo-Saxon;

"The song of Azariah, from the Exeter MS.": p. 311-313.

A family exposition of the Pentateuch /

[v. 1]. Genesis -- [v. 2]. Exodus-Leviticus -- [v. 3]. Numbers-Deuteronomy.

Cædmon's Exodus and Daniel.

Mode of access: Internet.

The Bible-work, the Old Testament; the revised text, arranged in sections; with comments selected from the choicest, most illuminating and helpful thoughts of the christian centuries, taken from four hundred scholarly writers.

Vol. I. Genesis chap. I. to Exodus chap. XII.--Vol.II. Exodus (chap. XII), Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.--Vol. III. Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1st and 2nd Samuel, 1 Chronicles XI., 1 Kings I-XI., 2 Chronicles I-IX.

The Bible history /

Each volume has also special title-page.

Das lied Exodus cap. 15 : unter steter Berücksichtigung seiner beziehungen zur psalmenpoesie erklärt und auf seine abfassungszeit untersucht /

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Giessen, 1902.

Die Metrik der sog. Caedmonschen Dichtungen mit Berucksichtigung der Verfasserfrage : II. Die Metrik des Exodus.

Thesis (doctoral)--Albertus-Universitat zu Konigsberg in Pr.

The monumental history of Egypt, as recorded on the ruins of her temples, palaces, and tombs, by William Osburn.

v. 1. From the first colonization of the valley to the visit of the patriarch Abram.--v. 2. From the visit of Abram to the exodus.

The Cambridge Bible for schools and colleges.

Some volumes have title: The Cambridge Bible for schools.

Exodus: Alternate Documents [Press Release]

This is the press release for "Exodus: Alternate Documents" held from September 13th to October 31st, 2014.

Operation Pedro Pan Exodus: A Testimonial, lecture by Eloísa Echazábal

Lecture by Eloísa Echazábal, founding member of Operation Pedro Pan Group, Inc., in which she shares a brief film and shares personal testimony of the ordeals she and others endured as part of Operation Pedro Pan.