919 resultados para Educational programs
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Objective: To investigate the effect of applying two educational programs (one using a self-instructional approach and the other using a traditional approach similar to educational workshops), on the perceived frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 94 office workers in a public company. The participants were divided into three groups through simple randomized sampling with no replacement, The first group (32 employees) underwent a traditional/workshop program, the second (28) used a self-instructional manual and the third (34) was a Control Group. The frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms was measured by means of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, at the beginning of the program and 30 days after its completion. The statistical analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, a nonparametric analysis of variance technique for a repeated measure model in three independent groups and the Goodman test. Results: From the data collected in pre and post-test comparisons, it was observed that the traditional/workshop educational program significantly reduced the frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms over the final seven days. For the self-instructional manual group and control group, no difference was observed in the frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms, Conclusions: It could be concluded that the interventions. particularly the traditional approach using educational workshops, had a positive effect on the individuals' actions. Despite the complexity of some of the preventive measures needed, there was a reduction in musculoskeletal symptoms of the participants during work.
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Considerando o alto índice de mortes de mulheres por cânceres de mama, útero e ovários e resultados de pesquisas indicando relações entre estresse, enfrentamento e doenças como as oncológicas, este estudo investigou, em 30 mulheres com e 30 mulheres sem câncer, a ocorrência de estresse em suas histórias prévias, a importância atribuída ao mesmo e a avaliação de sua superação, nas áreas de saúde, social/trabalho e familiar. Os resultados indicaram relações entre os modos de avaliar e enfrentar o estresse e o adoecimento, sugerindo que padrões mais otimistas e diretos de lidar com o estresse favoreceram a redução de seu impacto no equilíbrio psicofisiológico. Dada a exposição crescente da mulher ao estresse, indica-se a relevância de programas psicoeducativos redutores de seu impacto na população feminina.
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Comportamentos de pais e de filhos influenciam-se mutuamente. Crianças com alterações de linguagem relacionadas ou não à perda auditiva, podem apresentar dificuldades de relacionamento com os irmãos e seus pares. Assim, a investigação das práticas educativas parentais e do repertório comportamental infantil é fundamental para a busca de intervenções efetivas para essas crianças. O estudo tem como objetivos: (a) comparar o repertório positivo e negativo de mães e crianças com deficiência auditiva (DA) e distúrbio de linguagem (DL); (b) comparar cada uma das deficiências com grupo não clinico; (c) correlacionar comportamentos para cada uma das deficiências. Participaram deste estudo 72 mães, cujos filhos apresentavam da (n = 27), DL (n = 19) ou compunha uma população não clínica (n = 26). O instrumento utilizado foi o Roteiro de Entrevista de Habilidades Sociais Educativas Parentais, que avalia a ocorrência de habilidades sociais aplicáveis às práticas educativas. Os resultados evidenciaram a associação entre práticas positivas e habilidades sociais, bem como entre práticas negativas e problemas de comportamento. O grupo de DL não apresentou mais problemas que as crianças não clínicas, sugerindo a participação de intervenções de caráter preventivo, facilitando a inclusão social. Por outro lado as crianças com da apresentaram menos habilidades sociais, bem como suas mães, menos habilidades sociais educativas. Este estudo evidencia a importância da metodologia empregada na reabilitação de crianças com distúrbios da comunicação, sobretudo para aquelas com da visando o beneficio de programas educativos de promoção do repertório parental positivo integrados aos objetivos da fonoterapia.
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The treatment of animals used in research or in education tests requires proper care, scientific judgment and qualified professionals to understand the needs of the animals and the special requirements of the research, tests, and educational programs. The established guidelines aim the development of knowledge necessary for the improvement of health and wellbeing of humans as well as animals to get precise and accurate results. The techniques should not be performed with inappropriate procedures that cause pain or suffering. Some principles should be considered to have an appropriate animal care and treatment.
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Even though fluoride provides a significant contribution in dental caries prevention, it is known that its random employment may lead to enamel alterations such as dental fluorosis, besides the possibility of severe systemic alterations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ingestion of mouthwashes administered to preschool children. It was concluded that parents and teachers of young children must be very careful during the accomplishment of educational programs comprising fluoridated mouthwashes, because of the high possibility of ingestion.
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Pregnancies complicated by diabetes account for about 7% of all pregnancies attended by the Brazilian Unified Healthcare System (SUS) and are one of the main causes of maternal/perinatal morbidity and mortality in Brazil. Considering the importance of this topic, this article presents an update of diabetes classification, diagnostic criteria, maternal/perinatal outcomes, and both clinical and obstetric prenatal care. Even though there is no consensus about screening and diagnostic standards, the investigation of hyperglycemia in all risk pregnancies is recommended. The importance of adequate metabolic control is emphasized in order to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Finally, the development of educational programs is encouraged, viewing not only good gestational outcome but also long-term changes in the lifestyle of these women. © by São Paulo State University.
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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevention of dental trauma in children aged 0 to 3 years, as it is studied in the literature. Since these traumatic injuries can cause damage and complications to the deciduous teeth, and even to the permanent teeth, the development of actions to reduce their occurrence is necessary because these injuries represent a considerable problem in dentistry. Although prevention is difficult in this age group, efforts should be directed at education, especially the development of educational programs involving qualified professional directly engaged in the routine of traumatic dental injuries. The actions to be adopted should be based on the understanding of etiological factors, on the different patterns of the mechanism of injury, and on the characteristics of each community. © 2009 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
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Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC
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Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
