976 resultados para DNA - Genética


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Molecular markers have recently been incorporated into genetic improvement programs. They are already considered as powerful tools with several different uses, for instance the monitoring of genetic variability in tree populations. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate genetic variability in Eucalyptus urophylla progenies and together with silvicultural and botanical information, provide assistance to the improvement program. The Eucalypts population is located at the Experimental Forestry Sciences Station, Anhembi, SP, which belongs to the College of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz. Sixty-nine progenies were analysed representing one individual by family in open pollinated Eucalyptus urophylla trees. The RAPD technique allowed the identification of 72 loci that were analysed using Jaccard's Coefficient generating a genetic similarity matrix to permit estimation of genetic distances. The results obtained showed genetic distance between individuals of 0.40 with 12 groups of genetic variability using a standardised distance of 40%. The progenies showed different bark patterns, allowing the establishment of bark groups. The groups formed based on genetic distances obtained using DNA analysis did not correspond to those based on bark pattern. Genetic selection was simulated in which silvicultural and genetic variability data were linked, thus avoiding excessive variability losses. The simulation of controlled crossings allowed the maximum genetic difference to be obtained linked with height and individual bark roughness.

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Trichilia pallida Swartz is an Atlantic Forest shady climax tree of Meliaceae family that presents insecticide properties against chewing insects like as some family trees, making it interesting for forestry uses. Forty plants of Oito Pontas Farm population were collected in Bofete County, Santa Genebra Ecological Station in Campinas County, and Caetetus Ecological Station in Gélia County, all in the Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Leaf DNA analysis was used by RAPD method, that showed 10 highly polymorphic primers, with 72 dominant markers, used to estimate genetic diversity within and among populations. The polymorphism within populations varied from 90.3 to 97.2%, and the effective allele number varied from 1.46 ± 0.33 to 1.57 ± 0.33, while the average of genetic differentiation of populations varied from 0.27 ± 0.18 to 0, 33 ± 0.15. The gene diversity in the total population (H T) was 0.334 ± 0.02, while the average gene diversity within populations (H s) was 0.292 ± 0.017, and the coefficient of gene differentiation (G ST) was 0.125, Bofete and Campinas populations had the smallest Nei's genetic distance (0.049) and the distances of both with Gália were 0.117 and 0.107, respectively.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética) - IBB

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)