Photoelasticity in Dentistry: a literature review

Introduction and Objective: Photoelasticity consists of an experimental technique of stress analysis. This technique is very used in most different areas including Dentistry. This literature review presents the several applications of photoelastic technique in Dentistry the several applications of photoelastic technique in Dentistry as well as its advantages and disadvantages. Literature review: Based on this method of analysis, it is possible the verification of the stress distribution and deformation in structures with complex geometry as maxilla and mandible. It can be used to evaluate the distribution of stress on several types of prosthesis as removable partial denture systems with different retention systems, conventional implant prosthesis, overdentures and Brånemark protocols. Moreover, photoelasticity can be used to assess the stress generated by various by various orthodontic movements, different orthodontic systems and different materials (orthodontic wires). In addition, it is used to analyze different defects of maxillectomy, splint types on traumatized tooth and post-core restoration methods. This technique can also be used to assess dental instruments such as evaluation of different designs of periodontal probe. Conclusion: The photoelastic analysis has been a technique of great importance in health area studies, more specifically in Dentistry. Based on this method of analysis, it is possible to measure the stress distribution and deformation in structures with complex geometry as maxilla and mandible.

Interactions between restorative dentistry and periodontics: luting post nonmetallic (Part II)

Endodontically treated teeth have necessary use of intracanal posts. Due to the constant need and search for esthetic materials with properties similar to tooth structure remaining fi berglass posts esthetic came good these shortcomings and are increasingly used as a fi rst option for prosthetic rehabilitation. In this case report is described step by step how to perform the cementation of a nonmetallic post and core construction for making a piece prosthetic onlay in a simplifi ed way, by choosing the self-etching cementation technique.

Interactions between restorative dentistry and periodontics: preparation and cementation of an onlay in Empress (Part III)

The relentless pursuit by cosmetic dentistry brought the evolution of materials ceramics. The IPS-Empress system was upgrading of indirect restorations based on lithium disilicate. The ceramic restoration posterior allow a new esthetic approach due to its translucency and resistance without any weakening of the remaining dental element, being an option more conservative when compared to conventional prosthetic restorations.

Application of the finite element method in Dentistry

The finite element method (FEM) involves a series of computational procedures to calculate the stress in each element, which performs a model solution. Such a structural analysis allows the determination of stress resulting from external force, pressure, thermal change, and other factors. This method is extremely useful for indicating mechanical aspects of biomaterials and human tissues that can hardly be measured in vivo. The results obtained can then be studied using visualization software within the FEM environment to view a variety of parameters, and to fully identify implications of the analysis. Objective: An overview to show application of FEM in dentistry was undertaken. Literature review: This paper shows the basic concept, advances, advantages, limitations and applications of finite element method (FEM) in dentistry. Conclusion: It is extremely important to verify what the purpose of the study is in order to correctly apply FEM.

Application of hte finite element method in Dentistry

Introduction: The finite element method (FEM) involves a series of computational procedures to calculate the stress in each element, which performs a model solution. Such a structural analysis allows the determination of stress resulting from external force, pressure, thermal change, and other factors. This method is extremely useful for indicating mechanical aspects of biomaterials and human tissues that can hardly be measured in vivo. The results obtained can then be studied using visualization software within the FEM environment to view a variety of parameters, and to fully identify implications of the analysis. Objective: An overview to show application of FEM in dentistry was undertaken. Literature review: This paper shows the basic concept, advances, advantages, limitations and applications of finite element method (FEM) in dentistry. Conclusion: It is extremely important to verify what the purpose of the study is in order to correctly apply FEM.

Effectiveness of different methods for the detection of binge drinking in dentistry students

The purpose of this study was to estimate the alcoholic beverage consumption among undergraduate students of a Dentistry Course and compare the effectiveness of screening methods for the detection of binge drinking. A total of 284 undergraduate students participated in the research. We used the full AUDIT and their reduced forms (AUDIT-3 and AUDIT-C). In addition, a ROC curve was created and its area was calculated. Of the students, 91.0% and 90.6% of the male and female genders, respectively, reported alcohol beverage consumption. Bing-drinking behavior occurred in 69.2% of the men and in 52.4% of the women. The 3 methods showed good discriminatory ability. For the women, there was a significant difference between the AUDIT-3 and AUDIT-C. Both the complete version of AUDIT and its reduced forms presented good discriminatory ability

Dentistry teachers and the burnout syndrome

The Burnout Syndrome is considered a psychosocial problem to which teachers are routinely exposed. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of burnout in Dentistry teachers and its relation to relevant socio-demographic variables. The participants were 70 teachers from the undergraduate Dentistry Course, Faculty of Dentistry of Araraquara – UNESP. Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) was used. The prevalence of burnout was estimated. In order to compare performed. Mean age of participants was 46.0 ± 6.1 and teaching experience was 19.6±7.6 years. The prevalence of burnout was 17.1%. Low mean scores for Exhaustion (2.11±0.61) and Disengagement (1.73±0.50) were observed. There reported taking medication due to work (p=0.008) and for those who have thought about quit teaching (p=0.001). There scores according to the habit of taking medication, the experience as a teacher and gender

Predictors of Burnout Syndrome in Dentistry Students

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Laboratory testes with quality data in Dentistry

In laboratory tests, just following the manufacturer’s instructions of materials or equipments may not be enough to obtain reliable data. Thus, intra and inter-examiners studies may be required. The aim of this study was to illustrate the application of the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (r) in a study related to the color changing and hardness of composite resin conducted by two examiners. The color and hardness of 10 specimens of composite resin were evaluated by a colorimetric spectrophotometer and hardness tester, respectively, at two different times. Two trained examiners performed two measurements with an interval of one week. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37±1ºC for 7 days. The Intraclass Correlation was used for analysis of intra and inter-examiner reproducibility. The intra-examiner reproducibility was 0.79, 0.44 and 0.76 for L, a and b color coordinates for the examiner 1 and 0.84, 0.23, 0.21 for examiner 2. For hardness, r-values were 0.00 and 0.23 for the examiner 1 and 2, respectively, showing unsatisfactory agreement on color and hardness evaluation for both examiners. It was noted that only the observation of protocol for use of equipment and examiners training were not sufficient to collect reliable information. Thus, adjustments in the experimental protocol were made and devices were produced to standardize the measurements. The reproducibility study was performed again. For examiner 1, values as 0.90, 0.59 and 0.79 were verified for L, a and b coordinates and, for examiner 2 were obtained values of 0.90, 0.75, 0.95. In relation to hardness, r-values of 0.75 and 0.71 were obtained for examiners 1 and 2, respectively. The inter-examiner reproducibility was 0.86, 0.87, 0.91 for L, a and b coordinates and 0.79 for hardness. It was concluded that intra and inter-examiner calibration is essential for obtaining quality measurements in laboratory tests.

Visualisation and reconstruction in dentistry

Visualisation in the field of dentistry has nor, thus far, reached the same development as other medical fields. Potential applications of visualisation techniques in this area, however, are many, ranging from educational displays to training for delicate procedures. This paper reports on the investigation of techniques for handling three-dimensional models of teeth, aiming at investigation of dental structures. An algorithm was implemented for this purpose, which reconstructs three-dimensional teeth models from two-dimensional contour slices. Results employing various data sets are presented, including the output of VRML models for exploration.

Management of accidental swallowing in implant dentistry

This report describes a protocol for managing the accidental swallowing of dental instruments in implant dentistry, illustrated by a patient who accidentally swallowed a hexagonal wrench. The first step was to refer the patient to the medical emergency hospital service for radiographic and clinical evaluation. The hexagonal wrench was located in the stomach and was immediately removed with an endoscopic procedure. The gastric mucosa was sampled via biopsy and the sample submitted to the urease test, which was positive for Helicobacter pylori. Triple treatment was instituted for gastritis caused by H pylori to avoid exposing the patient to unnecessary risk. Removal of a foreign body by means of an endoscopic procedure constitutes a safe and effective treatment.

Sexual haressement in dentistry: prevalence in dental school

OBJECTIVE: Sexual harassment is unlawful in all work and educational environments in most nations of the world. The goals of this study were to describe the sexual harassment prevalence and to evaluate the experiences and attitudes of undergraduate students in one dental school in Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An 18-item questionnaire was administered to 254 dental students with a completion rate of 82% (208). Students were requested to respond to questions about their background and academic level in dental school, their personal experiences with sexual harassment and their observation of someone else being sexually harassed. Bivariate statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of the students reported being sexually harassed by a patient, by a relative of a patient or by a professor. Male students had 3 times higher probability of being sexually harassed than female student [OR=2.910 (1.113-7.611)]. Additionally, 25.4% of the students reported witnessing sexual harassment at the school environment. The majority of students did not feel professionally prepared to respond to unwanted sexual behaviors. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that sexual harassment can occur in a dental school setting. There is a need for ongoing sexual harassment education programs for students and university staff. Increased knowledge of sexual harassment during graduation can better prepare dental professionals to respond to sexual harassment during their practice.