985 resultados para Contratos internacionales


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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação

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This dissertation aims to analyze the right of withdrawal and its implications on distance and off-premises contracts, due to the importance of these contracts in our society. Our main goal is, first of all, to explain the meaning and characteristics of both distance and off-premises contracts and the reason why a right of withdrawal is granted. Secondly, we intend to explain all of the relevant aspects related to this right, such as its legal concept and main characteristics, the origin and evolution of the right of withdrawal on both European and Portuguese legislation, its implications in the contracting parties and, finally, a brief analysis of the applicable law. In a nutshell, the right of withdrawal allows the consumer to withdraw from a distance or off-premises contract, unilaterally, without having to indicate any motive to justify the decision, after a cooling-off period of 14 calendar days. In these two types of contracts such right exists due to the reasons or circumstances that lead to the conclusion of the contract.

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The object of this dissertation is the analysis of the legal framework applicable to contracts for provision of electronic communications services, while trying to offer solutions to some of the issues regarding this matter. The main focus of this study will be the rules concerning service’s suspension, which have been recently amended. The technological development and the establishment of these services as information transmitters and work tools were noteworthy for its growing importance at the present time. These services include cable television, telephone (landline and mobile) and internet and they are regulated by Law nr 23/96, July 26th, along with other essential public services. Said law sets a group of principles and duties, such as good faith (article 3), continuity and quality of the service (article 7) and the duty to rightfully inform the user (article 4), in order to protect the users. For the analysis of legal framework applicable to these particular contracts it is also fundamental to mention Law nr 5/2004, February 10th, known as Electronic Communications Law. The provisions regarding the service’s suspension are currently prescribed in articles 52.º and 52.º-A of the law. Given the amendments introduced by Law nr 10/2013, January 28th, consumers are subjected to a regulation different from the one applicable to the other users, established in the new article 52.º-A. From our analysis, we have concluded that the main change from past provisions has to do with the automatic termination of the contract as consequence of the consumer’s failure to pay the price or to conclude a written payment arrangement after service’s suspension.

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Durante 1982 -83 se presentó, frente a las costas sudamericanas del Pacífico, el fenómeno de «El Niño» (EN) catalogado como el más intenso del siglo. Inesperadamente, el régimen de temperaturas superficiales del mar se incrementó rápidamente a partir de octubre de 1982, superando más de 7 ºC por encima del promedio. Las precipitaciones normalmente altas en el Ecuador, sobrepasaron al promedio anual en más de 600 % y mucho más en las zonas semiáridas del norte del Perú. Las perturbaciones climáticas y oceánicas se manifestaron durante 12meses por lo menos; las lluvias se propagaron hasta la zona central del Perú y los cambios oceánicos a todo el Pacífico Sudeste. Las reuniones científicas realizadas en la región del Pacífico Sudeste y fuera de esta, dieron a conocer notables cambios tanto físicos como biológicos en toda la Cuenca del Pacífico. Estas alteraciones afectaron en el mar la actividad pesquera y en el continente la agricultura, infraestructura vial, industrial y viviendas, así como la educación y la salud. Los gobiernos de Ecuador y Perú se vieron precisados a declarar en emergencia las áreas afectadas. Los daños que se consignan en el presente informe se consideran sólo parciales por tener como base evaluaciones realizadas hasta febrero de 1983. Las lluvias continuaron aún con mayor fuerza en los meses siguientes. Los gobiernos y las instituciones de la región reaccionaron intensificando la vigilancia de los cambios climáticos y oceánicos en relación con los recursos. La Comisión Permanente del Pacífico Sur (CPPS), coor dinó las actividades del Grupo ERFEN y organizó reuniones científicas con apoyo de la COI-UNESCO y la OMM. Estos organismos así como la FAO propiciaron y estimularon por su parte programas globales. A pesar de lo anterior, la importancia socio-económica de EN requiere de una mayor coordinación y cooperación internacional. La meta de los programas es lograr una adecuada predicción de EN.

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Banco del conocimiento

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Bogotá Emprende

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Bogotá Emprende

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Bogotá Emprende

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Bogotá Emprende

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Gestión del conocimiento