Paul Flandrin (1811-1902), un nuovo sguardo sul paesaggio dell'Ottocento

Questa ricerca ha l’obiettivo di dare nuovi contributi alla conoscenza della pittura di paesaggio francese nell’Ottocento attraverso lo studio dell’opera di Paul Flandrin (1811-1902). Flandrin si colloca al crocevia di esperienze fondamentali nella ricerca artistica di metà Ottocento: l’eredità di Camille Corot, l’insegnamento di Jean-Auguste Dominique Ingres, la pratica del lavoro en plein air, la tradizione del paesaggio neoclassico. Il corpus di opere del pittore lionese Paul Flandrin (1811-1902) ricostruito in questa tesi è frutto di una sistematica operazione di ricerca sul campo e viene in seguito analizzato alla luce dei recenti studi sulla pittura di paesaggio neoclassico in Francia nel XIX secolo. La ricerca si fonda su una grande quantità di materiale inedito: dipinti, disegni, taccuini di studio en plein air, corrispondenza con colleghi e amici. Da questa ricerca la fisionomia artistica di Paul Flandrin emerge ben individuata singolarmente e al tempo stesso ancorata al contesto storico-artistico attraverso le relazioni con i colleghi, l’utilizzo di determinate tecniche, la frequentazione di mete comuni ai paesaggisti suoi contemporanei, la decisa presa di posizione a favore del paesaggio neoclassico.

ON THE STABILITY OF SUPER-EARTH ATMOSPHERES

We investigate the stability of super-Earth atmospheres around M stars using a seven-parameter, analytical framework. We construct stability diagrams in the parameter space of exoplanetary radius versus semimajor axis and elucidate the regions in which the atmospheres are stable against the condensation of their major constituents, out of the gas phase, on their permanent nightside hemispheres. We find that super-Earth atmospheres that are nitrogen-dominated (Earth-like) occupy a smaller region of allowed parameter space, compared to hydrogen-dominated atmospheres, because of the dual effects of diminished advection and enhanced radiative cooling. Furthermore, some super-Earths which reside within the habitable zones of M stars may not possess stable atmospheres, depending on the mean molecular weight and infrared photospheric pressure of their atmospheres. We apply our stability diagrams to GJ 436b and GJ 1214b, and demonstrate that atmospheric compositions with high mean molecular weights are disfavored if these exoplanets possess solid surfaces and shallow atmospheres. Finally, we construct stability diagrams tailored to the Kepler data set, for G and K stars, and predict that about half of the exoplanet candidates are expected to harbor stable atmospheres if Earth-like conditions are assumed. We include 55 Cancri e and CoRoT-7b in our stability diagram for G stars

CHEOPS Performance for Exomoons: The Detectability of Exomoons by Using Optimal Decision Algorithm

Many attempts have already been made to detect exomoons around transiting exoplanets, but the first confirmed discovery is still pending. The experiences that have been gathered so far allow us to better optimize future space telescopes for this challenge already during the development phase. In this paper we focus on the forthcoming CHaraterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS), describing an optimized decision algorithm with step-by-step evaluation, and calculating the number of required transits for an exomoon detection for various planet moon configurations that can be observable by CHEOPS. We explore the most efficient way for such an observation to minimize the cost in observing time. Our study is based on PTV observations (photocentric transit timing variation) in simulated CHEOPS data, but the recipe does not depend on the actual detection method, and it can be substituted with, e.g., the photodynamical method for later applications. Using the current state-of-the-art level simulation of CHEOPS data we analyzed transit observation sets for different star planet moon configurations and performed a bootstrap analysis to determine their detection statistics. We have found that the detection limit is around an Earth-sized moon. In the case of favorable spatial configurations, systems with at least a large moon and a Neptune-sized planet, an 80% detection chance requires at least 5-6 transit observations on average. There is also a nonzero chance in the case of smaller moons, but the detection statistics deteriorate rapidly, while the necessary transit measurements increase quickly. After the CoRoT and Kepler spacecrafts, CHEOPS will be the next dedicated space telescope that will observe exoplanetary transits and characterize systems with known Doppler-planets. Although it has a smaller aperture than Kepler (the ratio of the mirror diameters is about 1/3) and is mounted with a CCD that is similar to Kepler's, it will observe brighter stars and operate with larger sampling rate; therefore, the detection limit for an exomoon can be the same as or better, which will make CHEOPS a competitive instruments in the quest for exomoons.

Le peintre-graveur illustré

v.1. Millet; Rousseau; Dupré; Jongkind.--v.2. Meryon.--v.3. Ingres; Delacroix.--4. Zorn.-- v.5. Corot.--v.6. Rude; Barye; Carpeaux; Rodin.--v.7. Huet.--v.8. Carrière.--v.9. Degas.--v.10-11. Toulouse-Lautrec.--v.14-15. Goya.--v.18. Gericault.--v.19. Leys; De Braekeleer; Ensor.--v.20-29. Daumier.--v.30. Besnard.--v.31 Frélaut.--v.32. Appendix and glossary, prepared under the supervision of Herman J. Wechsler.

Inventaire général des dessins du Musée du Louvre et du Musée de Versailles; école française,

Vol. 10 has imprint: [Paris] Éditions Amorancé; v. 12 has imprint: Paris, Éd. des Musées Nationaux.

The print-collector's bulletin;

v. 1 Adolphe Appian. Otto H. Bacher. Félix Bracquemond.--v. 2. Félix Buhot.--v. 3. Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot. Charles François Daubigny. Charles Storm van's Gravesande.--v. 4. Sir Seymour Haden.--v. 5. Charles Jacque. Jules Jacquemart. Johann Barthold Jongkind.--v. 6. Maxime Lalanne.--v. 7. Alphonse Legros.--v. 8. D Shaw MacLaughlan.--v. 9. Charles Meryon--v. 10 Jean-François Millet.--v.11. Samuel Palmer George Senseney. Jacque-Joseph Tissot.--v. 12. Joseph Pennell.--v. 13. Cadwallader Washburn. Herman A. Webster. Henry Wolf.--v. 14. Evert van Muyden.--v. 15. James A. McNeill Whistler. v. 16. Anders L. Zorn.

Little journeys to the homes of eminent artists.

Mode of access: Internet.