Old Northwest and Great Lakes Region, 1785 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A map of the north west parts of the United States of America, [by] John Fitch. It was published in 1785. Scale [ca. 1:3,000,000]. Covers the Old Northwest from the Great Lakes to Kentucky and the Mississippi River to the Allegany River and a portion of Lake Ontario. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the USA Contiguous Albers Equal Area Conic projection (Meters). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as human settlements, forts, Native American lands, roads, drainage, proposed state boundaries, and more. Relief shown by landform drawing. Includes descriptive notes. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of New England from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Havana, Cuba, 1785 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plano de la ciudad y puerto de la Havana, por Don Tomas Lopez, Geógrafo de los Dominios de S.M. It was published by Don Tomas Lopez in 1785. Scale [ca. 1:12,500]. Map in Spanish. Covers a portion of Havana, Cuba and harbor.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'NAD 1927 Cuba Norte' coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map.This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, fortifications, ground cover, and more. Relief is shown by shading and pictorially; depths shown by soundings. Includes index and descriptive note.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Madrid, Spain, 1785 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plano geom�trico de Madrid : dedicado y presentado al rey nuestro Se�or Don Carlos III por mano del excelentisimo Se�or Conde de Floridablanca, su autor Don Tomas Lopez, geografico de S.M. de las Reales Academias de la Historia, de San Fernando, de la de Bueans Letras de Sevilla y de las Sociedades Bascongada y Asturzias. It was published by [Tomas Lopez] in 1785. Scale [ca. 1:16,700]. Map in Spanish. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the European Datum 1950, UTM Zone 30N coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map.This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, and more. Relief is shown by hachures. Includes text, index, and inset: Des de la Puerta de Toledo ...This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Lisbon, Portugal, 1785 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plano geral da cidade de Lisboa em 1785, Franco. D. Milcent. It was published in [1785]. Scale [ca. 1:10,950]. Covers a portion of Lisbon, Portugal. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the European Datum 1950, UTM Zone 29N coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, fortification, ground cover, and more. Relief is shown by hachures. Includes index. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Nantucket Shoals, Massachusetts, 1786 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A pilot's chart of Nantukket Shoals, by Captn. Thomas Jones, Jnr., of Falmouth in the county of Barnsable, Apr. 7, 1786. Scale [ca. 1:219,400]. Covers Nantucket Sound, Massachusetts and surrounding land. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This nautical chart shows coastal features such as lighthouses, rocks, shoals, currents, channels, points, coves, harbors, islands, and more. Depths are shown by soundings and shading. Land features include settlements, wind mills, and more. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Africa, 1785 (Image 1 of 2) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: L'Afrique, revüe, corrigée et publiée par M. Moithey, ingénieur géographe du Roi. It was published by chez Crepy, rüe St. Jacques à Saint Pierre, près la rue de la parcheminerie in 1785. Scale [ca. 1:14,500,000]. This layer is image 1 of 2 total images of the two sheet source map, representing the western portion of the map. Covers Africa and small portions of southern Europe, the Middle East, and South America. Map in French. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Sinusoidal projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown pictorially. Includes also text and notes.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Africa, 1785 (Image 2 of 2) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: L'Afrique, revüe, corrigée et publiée par M. Moithey, ingénieur géographe du Roi. It was published by chez Crepy, rüe St. Jacques à Saint Pierre, près la rue de la parcheminerie in 1785. Scale [ca. 1:14,500,000]. This layer is image 2 of 2 total images of the two sheet source map, representing the eastern portion of the map. Covers Africa and small portions of southern Europe, the Middle East, and South America. Map in French. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Sinusoidal projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown pictorially. Includes also text and notes.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Nile River Delta, Egypt, 1785 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the untitled historic paper map: Basse Egypte, E. Giraud, sculp. It was published by Onfroi in 1785. Scale [ca. 1:550,000]. Covers the Nile River Delta, Egypt. Map in French. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Lambert Conformal Conic projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, canals, ancient branches of river and canals, cities and other human settlements, monasteries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Netâicü'l-fünûn / li-Nev'î Efendi : manuscript, undated

Concise encyclopedia on twelve sciences: 1. history; 2. philosophy; 3. astronomy; 4. theology; 5. principles of law; 6. controverted points; 7. exegesis; 8. mysticism; 9. interpretation of dreams; 10. magic, charm, and medecine; 11. agriculture; 12. astrology and divination.

Münşeât-ı Nâbî Efendi : manuscript, 1762

Collection of Nâbî's letters, petitions, and other correspondence to various dignitaries. It was compiled after Nâbî's death by Abdürrahim Çelebi by order of Şehid Ali Paşa.

[ Book of predictions] : manuscript, 1785-1812

Book of yearly predictions about the sultan, his family, ministers, grand mufti, etc. Records for years 1199-1227 AH [1785-1812 AD]. Year run from nevrūz to nevrūz (beginning of spring). Predictions concern political affairs and state of health of various individuals. Predictions about weather conditions and the eclipses also included. Separate section at end of each year's entry breaks down predictions into months. Manuscript apparently the author's working copy and probably the sole copy.

Üsküdarî Mahmud Efendi'nin vasiyetidir : manuscript, undated

Cream laid paper with watermarks. 19.9 x 14.3 cm ( x cm.)

The chronic food deficit of early modern Portugal : curse or myth?

Two historiographical currents have debated whether early modern Portugal was cursed by an excessive dependence on foreign food imports as a result of being unable to feed its population, or not. In this short paper, the first long-run systematic quantitative study of this question, we show that the former view is a myth and therefore could not be a curse. Throughout the entire period, a certain amount of grain was in fact imported but cereal purchases abroad never represented more than a diminutive percentage of total food consumption. More importantly, the country carried out a diversified trade in foodstuffs which was seldom seriously out of balance. Portuguese agriculture showed itself consistently capable of specializing in different foodstuffs for export. It was thus not hopelessly inefficient and succeeded reasonably well in meeting the basic nutritional needs of the population.

Mémoire sur les inventions de Philibert Charmy, marchand tireur, écacheur & fileur d'or à Lyon, relatives à la perfection des traits & des filés : avec des gravures pour l'explication des machines anciennes & nouvelles.

Signatures: A-C⁴.