A dinâmica do crescimento, distribuição de renda e desenvolvimento regional em Sorriso–MT (2010)

O município de Sorriso, localizado na região norte do Estado de Mato Grosso, surgiu em meados da década de 1970, no período em que o governo federal incentivava a colonização de terras na região. Em 1986, deu-se sua emancipação. Nas últimas décadas, o município vem se destacando no cenário do 'agronegócio' pelos recordes de produção de commodities agrícolas, com destaque para a soja. Nesse meio, conforme apontam os dados de institutos de pesquisa brasileiros, o município tem elevado seu crescimento em termos econômicos (Produto Interno Bruto, renda per capita), bem como melhorado seu desempenho no que se refere ao aspecto social (índice de desenvolvimento humano). Para tanto, o presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar a dinâmica do crescimento econômico e distribuição de renda e desenvolvimento regional do município de Sorriso em 2010. No que se refere à metodologia, foram aplicados 362 questionários em 21 bairros do município. A partir dos dados, foram verificadas as rendas individuais e familiares per capita, que permitiram calcular a distribuição da renda. A partir da análise descritiva, encontrou-se elevada desigualdade de renda em 2010. Observou-se a necessidade de políticas de incentivo à industrialização e diversificação da economia para que ocorra o desenvolvimento regional.

Análise do índice de sustentabilidade empresarial–ISE: um estudo exploratório comparativo com o Ibovespa

Este artigo apresenta estudo de uma análise comparativa da rentabilidade entre o ISE e o IBOVESPA, ambos da BM&F BOVESPA. O propósito é comparar o desempenho da carteira ISE com a carteira do IBOVESPA, principal benchmark do mercado acionário brasileiro. Para tal análise se estruturaram duas carteiras: uma composta com as ações listadas unicamente no ISE, e outra, com as ações listadas no IBOVESPA, excluídas aquelas que compõem o ISE. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória e documental, com a análise dos dados de desempenho do ISE e do IBOVESPA, de 2006 até 2011. A análise aponta inequivocamente para o desempenho superior do ISE em relação ao IBOVESPA. Conclui-se que esse desempenho tem relação direta com o conceito de sustentabilidade adotado pelas empresas que participam do ISE e que tem como principais reflexos a criação de valores tangível e intangível para os stakeholders e para toda a sociedade, fortalecendo o conceito do Triple Bottom Line.

Desenvolvimento do capim-marandu com altura fixa ou variável durante as estações do ano

Aimed to identify, for assessing the tillering dynamics and morphogenesis , strategy (s ) suitable ( s) defoliation management to optimize the appearance of tillers and biomass of Urochloa Brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu ( marandugrass ) throughout the year. The experiment was conducted from January 2013 to May 2014 were studied three strategies defoliation: Marandugrass with 30 cm throughout the experimental period (constant height); Marandugrass 15 cm in winter, the spring 30 cm and 45 cm in summer (increasing height); and Marandugrass 45 cm in winter, the spring 30 cm and 15 cm in summer (descending height). The experimental design was completely randomized in a split plot in time, with four replications. In winter, in the spring and summer, the following variables were calculated: appearance rate (TApP), mortality (TMoP) and survival (TSoP) of tillers, balance (BAL) between TApP and TMoP, stability index (IE) numbers of tillers and leaf elongation rates and stem, length of leaf blade and stem, leaf senescence rate, phyllochron and duration of life of the sheet. The TAPP was higher in the early spring and summer. For TMoP, the highest values were in the late spring and summer. The balance between TApP and TMoP was negative in winter and late spring, regardless of defoliation strategy. There was no difference in IE between the heights of the canopy during winter and late spring .. The number of tillers was higher in early spring and summer and lower in winter and late spring. The defoliation strategies have not changed phyllochron, leaf elongation rate. In spring and summer, there were increases in the rates of appearance, elongation and leaf senescence and, furthermore, decreased life span and phyllochron sheet. The plant height with increasing showed a lower rate of senescence and lower culm length in the spring. To increase the number of tillers marandu, it is advantageous to handle the plant with increasing height, ie, 15 cm in autumn and winter, the spring 30 cm and 45 cm in summer.The maintaining of B. brizantha cv. Marandu with fixed height of 30 cm or with variations between 15 and 45cm from the fall/winter to summer, does not influence the appearance and the growth of leaves per tiller, which indicates great flexibility on management defoliation in this forage plant.

Desafíos para la construcción de un Índice de Deuda Corporativa en el mercado de valores colombiano

En la medida en que la deuda corporativa ha tomado mayor dinamismo a raíz de la última crisis, para los estructuradores de portafolio se ha hecho primordial tener un referente que permita medir el desempeño de este tipo de inversiones -- A nivel internacional, el objetivo de desarrollar un benchmark que cumpla con los supuestos de liquidez, replicabilidad, estabilidad y universalidad ha sido una constante -- Adicionalmente, muchos índices se han enfocado en cubrir cada uno de los perfiles de riesgo de los inversionistas -- En Colombia, aunque se han dado pasos importantes hacia el desarrollo del mercado de deuda corporativa, aún no se cuenta con un índice que sirva de referencia para medir el desempeño de portafolios y cumpla con los mencionados supuestos -- Por lo cual, se hace inminente la aceleración de su profesionalización en la búsqueda de instrumentos que proporcionen una mayor rentabilidad comparada con aquella brindada por los de deuda pública, pero con un riesgo más moderado en comparación con los instrumentos de renta variable -- Este trabajo pretende hacer un análisis de la evolución y caracterización de este tipo de índices, desde la experiencia internacional, con el fin de plantear los principales lineamientos para la construcción de un índice que permita representar este segmento del mercado de valores colombiano

Produção de carne bovina orgânica: uma avaliação dos impactos socioeconômicos na região do Pantanal do Brasil.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os impactos sociais da transição agroecológica da produção de carne bovina convencional para orgânica, em unidades de produção no Brasil, pelo método Ambitec, desenvolvido pela Embrapa Meio Ambiente. Foram avaliadas nove unidades de produção no Estado do Mato Grosso do sul que integram os únicos 18 produtores brasileiros de carne bovina orgânica. Os dados para o levantamento foram obtidos por meio de questionários aplicados aos representantes das propriedades avaliadas que atribuíram a cada variável estudada um valor que representou a alteração proporcionada pela transição agroecológica dos sistemas. Após a inserção dos coeficientes de alteração de cada variável dos indicadores por unidade de produção, o coeficiente de impacto foi automaticamente calculado por meio da planilha Ambitec. O manejo orgânico da produção quando comparado ao convencional proporcionou um impacto social positivo, sendo as maiores contribuições proporcionadas pelos efeitos positivos dos seguintes indicadores: Capacitação (µ = 9,69) Geração de renda (µ = 13,75), Dedicação e Perfil do Responsável (µ = 12,86) e o Relacionamento Institucional (µ =12,19). Na análise de grupamento os produtores 1, 6 e 7 obtiveram maior média índice geral do ímpacto social da produção orgânica, (µ = 6,83).

Analytical benchmark solutions for steel frame structures subject to local buckling effects

Application of "advanced analysis" methods suitable for non-linear analysis and design of steel frame structures permits direct and accurate determination of ultimate system strengths, without resort to simplified elastic methods of analysis and semi-empirical specification equations. However, the application of advanced analysis methods has previously been restricted to steel frames comprising only compact sections that are not influenced by the effects of local buckling. A research project has been conducted with the aim of developing concentrated plasticity methods suitable for practical advanced analysis of steel frame structures comprising non-compact sections. This paper contains a comprehensive set of analytical benchmark solutions for steel frames comprising non-compact sections, which can be used to verify the accuracy of simplified concentrated plasticity methods of advanced analysis. The analytical benchmark solutions were obtained using a distributed plasticity shell finite element model that explicitly accounts for the effects of gradual cross-sectional yielding, longitudinal spread of plasticity, initial geometric imperfections, residual stresses, and local buckling. A brief description and verification of the shell finite element model is provided in this paper.

Creation of a new evaluation benchmark for information retrieval targeting patient information needs

Searching for health advice on the web is becoming increasingly common. Because of the great importance of this activity for patients and clinicians and the effect that incorrect information may have on health outcomes, it is critical to present relevant and valuable information to a searcher. Previous evaluation campaigns on health information retrieval (IR) have provided benchmarks that have been widely used to improve health IR and record these improvements. However, in general these benchmarks have targeted the specialised information needs of physicians and other healthcare workers. In this paper, we describe the development of a new collection for evaluation of effectiveness in IR seeking to satisfy the health information needs of patients. Our methodology features a novel way to create statements of patients’ information needs using realistic short queries associated with patient discharge summaries, which provide details of patient disorders. We adopt a scenario where the patient then creates a query to seek information relating to these disorders. Thus, discharge summaries provide us with a means to create contextually driven search statements, since they may include details on the stage of the disease, family history etc. The collection will be used for the first time as part of the ShARe/-CLEF 2013 eHealth Evaluation Lab, which focuses on natural language processing and IR for clinical care.

Provincial mortality in South Africa, 2000 - priority-setting for now and a benchmark for the future

Background. Cause-of-death statistics are an essential component of health information. Despite improvements, underregistration and misclassification of causes make it difficult to interpret the official death statistics. Objective. To estimate consistent cause-specific death rates for the year 2000 and to identify the leading causes of death and premature mortality in the provinces. Methods. Total number of deaths and population size were estimated using the Actuarial Society of South Africa ASSA2000 AIDS and demographic model. Cause-of-death profiles based on Statistics South Africa's 15% sample, adjusted for misclassification of deaths due to ill-defined causes and AIDS deaths due to indicator conditions, were applied to the total deaths by age and sex. Age-standardised rates and years of life lost were calculated using age weighting and discounting. Results. Life expectancy in KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga is about 10 years lower than that in the Western Cape, the province with the lowest mortality rate. HIV/AIDS is the leading cause of premature mortality for all provinces. Mortality due to pre-transitional causes, such as diarrhoea, is more pronounced in the poorer and more rural provinces. In contrast, non-communicable disease mortality is similar across all provinces, although the cause profiles differ. Injury mortality rates are particularly high in provinces with large metropolitan areas and in Mpumalanga. Conclusion. The quadruple burden experienced in all provinces requires a broad range of interventions, including improved access to health care; ensuring that basic needs such as those related to water and sanitation are met; disease and injury prevention; and promotion of a healthy lifestyle. High death rates as a result of HIV/AIDS highlight the urgent need to accelerate the implementation of the treatment and prevention plan. In addition, there is an urgent need to improve the cause-of-death data system to provide reliable cause-of-death statistics at health district level.

An international benchmark for the Australian OHS Body of Knowledge (BoK)

Benchmarking was used to compare the Australian SIA’s (Safety Institute of Australia) OHS BoK with three different approaches to systemize the knowledge that should be taught by universities. The Australian Health and Safety Professionals Alliance (HaSPA) Core Body of Knowledge for Generalist OHS Professionals was benchmarked against three other international bodies of knowledge, the German Ergonomic Society’s Body of Knowledge Ergonomics – Core Definition, Object Catalogue and Research Domains, the IEEE Computer Society Software Engineering Body of Knowledge and the American ‘Association of Schools of Public Health’ Master’s Degree in Public Health Core Competency Model. It was found that quality, structure and content of the OHS BoK ranked lowest when compared with the other benchmarked documents. The HaSPA body of knowledge was ranked poorly when compared to the German Ergonomic Society’s Body of Knowledge for Ergonomics, IEEE Computer Society Software Engineering Body of Knowledge and the American Association of Schools of Public Health Core Competency Model. Analysis and discussion of the HaSPA BoK is important given its use as an audit tool for tertiary education in Australia. Furthermore the International Network of Safety & Health Practitioner Organisations (INSHPO) is apparently promoting the Australian SIA’s OHS BoK as the basis of an international standard.

A benchmark for numerical scheme validation of airborne particle exposure in street canyons

Measurements of particle concentrations and distributions in terms of number, surface area, and mass were performed simultaneously at eight sampling points within a symmetric street canyon of an Italian city. The aim was to obtain a useful benchmark for validation of wind tunnel experiments and numerical schemes: to this purpose, the influence of wind directions and speeds was considered. Particle number concentrations (PNCs) were higher on the leeward side than the windward side of the street canyon due to the wind vortex effect. Different vertical PNC profiles were observed between the two canyon sides depending on the wind direction and speed at roof level. A decrease in particle concentrations was observed with increasing rooftop wind speed, except for the coarse fraction indicating a possible particle resuspension due to the traffic and wind motion. This study confirms that particle concentration fields in urban street canyons are strongly influenced by traffic emissions and meteorological parameters, especially wind direction and speed.

Formative evaluation to benchmark and improve climate-based decision support for graziers in Western Queelsland

Researchers developing climate-based forecasts, workshops, software tools and information to aid grazier decisions undertook an evaluation study to enhance planning and benchmark impact. One hundred graziers in Western Queensland were randomly selected from 7 shires and surveyed by mail and telephone (43 respondents) to explore levels of knowledge and use of climate information, practices and information needs. We found 36% of respondents apply the Southern Oscillation Index to property decisions but 92% were unaware El Niño Southern Oscillation’s predictive signal in the region is greater for pasture growth than rainfall, suggesting they may not recognise the potential of pasture growth forecasts. Almost 75% of graziers consider they are conservative or risk averse in their attitude to managing their enterprise. Mail respondents (n= 20) if given a 68%, on average, probability of exceeding median rainfall forecast may change a decision; almost two-thirds vary stocking rate based on forage available, last year’s pasture growth or the Southern Oscillation Index; the balance maintain a constant stocking rate strategy; 90% have access to a computer; 75% to the internet and 95% have a fax. This paper presents findings of the study and draws comparisons with a similar study of 174 irrigators in the Northern Murray-Darling Basin (Aust. J. Exp. Ag. 44, 247-257). New insights and information gained are helping the team better understand client needs and plan, design and extend tools and information tailored to grazier knowledge, practice, information needs and preferences. Results have also provided a benchmark against which to measure project impact and have influenced the team to make important changes to their project planning, activities and methods for transferring technology tailored to grazier preferences.