Dynamic testing for side crush MRB-to-car side impact test of a 90 degree moving rigid barrier to a 1980 Ford LTD: Test #1 - 20.9 mph, test #2 - 42.1 mph. Test report.

Mode of access: Internet.

Dynamic testing for side crush MRB-to-car side impact test of a 90 degree moving rigid barrier to a 1983 Ford Escort: test #1 - 16.1 mph, test #2 - 32.2 mph. Test report.

Mode of access: Internet.

Dynamic testing for side crush MRB-to-car side impact test of a 90 [degree] moving rigid barrier to a 1980 Chevrolet Citation: test #1 - 18.5 mph, test #2 - 46.6 mph. Test report.

Mode of access: Internet.

Crash III model improvements: MRB-to-car side impact of a 90 [degree] moving rigid barrier to a 1983 Mitsubishi Tredia: test #1 - 16.7 mph, test #2 - 33.5 mph. Test report.

Mode of access: Internet.

CRASH III model improvements: MRB-to-car side impact test of a 90 [degree] moving rigid barrier to a 1981 Chevrolet Citation test speed 35.2 mph.

Mode of access: Internet.

Mailing list directory and classified index to trade directories,

Mode of access: Internet.

Foreign trade requirements, published annually with quarterly supplements, 1902, containing complete information concerning the commercial countries of the world as to trade conditions ...

Mode of access: Internet.

Effective knowledge transfer: a terminological perspective - Dismantling the jargon barrier to knowledge about computer security

The research is concerned with the terminological problems that computer users experience when they try to formulate their knowledge needs and attempt to access information contained in computer manuals or online help systems while building up their knowledge. This is the recognised but unresolved problem of communication between the specialist and the layman. The initial hypothesis was that computer users, through their knowledge of language, have some prior knowledge of the subdomain of computing they are trying to come to terms with, and that language can be a facilitating mechanism, or an obstacle, in the development of that knowledge. Related to this is the supposition that users have a conceptual apparatus based on both theoretical knowledge and experience of the world, and of several domains of special reference related to the environment in which they operate. The theoretical argument was developed by exploring the relationship between knowledge and language, and considering the efficacy of terms as agents of special subject knowledge representation. Having charted in a systematic way the territory of knowledge sources and types, we were able to establish that there are many aspects of knowledge which cannot be represented by terms. This submission is important, as it leads to the realisation that significant elements of knowledge are being disregarded in retrieval systems because they are normally expressed by language elements which do not enjoy the status of terms. Furthermore, we introduced the notion of `linguistic ease of retrieval' as a challenge to more conventional thinking which focuses on retrieval results.

Rationality as a barrier to peace:micro-evidence from Kosovo

Despite a significant expansion of the literature on conflicts and fragility of states, only a few systematic attempts have been made to link the theoretical literature on social conflicts to the available micro-level information about the people who are involved in these conflicts. We address this lacuna in the literature using a household-level data set from Kosovo. Our analysis suggests that it is individually rational for competing ethnic communities, Kosovar Albanians and Kosovar Serbs, to resist a quick agreement on a social contract to share the region's resources.

Export and import market-specific characteristics. How they drive the decision to trade and how much

Using a rich firm-level dataset on the Italian manufacturing industry, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the role that firms and market characteristics play in shaping firms’ trade activities. We enhance the previous analyses by considering firms’ engagement in international transactions, by focusing on either exports or imports. We show that the determinants of a firm’s export participation and value across countries also drive import behavior. Our research is consistent with the presence of country-specific sunk costs and with a qualitatively similar role of gravity forces and other country attributes on both sides of trading activities. Our evidence, however, militates in favor of a framework where variations in market characteristics have a larger impact on imports than exports.

L'élimination des barrières non tarifaires au commerce interprovincial et l'Accord sur le commerce intérieur du Canada

L'Accord sur le commerce intérieur est un accord de libre-échange pancanadien visant l'abaissement des barrières non tarifiaires au commerce interprovincial. La notion de barrières au commerce interprovincial, en soi, suscite maintes controverses. Aucun consensus n'existe à savoir quelles sont les barrières au commerce, quelles en sont leurs coûts, mais surtout, s'il faut les abaisser. La grande majorité des experts concoivent que beaucoup de ces barrières non tarifaires au commerce se retrouvent dans le secteur des produits agroalimentaires. À ce titre, ce domaine est, depuis plusieurs décennies, traditionnellement protectionniste et constitue donc un marché des plus difficiles à intégrer. Cette réalité prévaut tant au niveau international qu'interprovincial. Au Canada, l'outil privilégié après des années de négociations constitutionnelles infructueuses fut l'Accord sur le commerce intérieur. Cet accord, aux allures de traité international, vise l'intégration graduelle du marché interne canadien. La volonté de devenir un marché intégré et compétitif au niveau mondial se heurte à la détermination des provinces de protéger leur souveraineté législative. Ainsi, l'outil d'ouverture du marché que constitue l'Accord sur le commerce intérieur, qui navigue entre ces positions antagonistes, fut rédigé de manière assez complexe et peu accessible. Le contexte politique et constitutionnel particulier dans lequel se sont inscrites les négociations de cet accord a ainsi teinté le texte de l'accord et sa rédaction. En plus de sa simplification, plusieurs solutions intervenant sous plusieurs facettes de l'Accord sur le commerce intérieur permettraient à ce dernier de se voir plus efficace dans sa mission d'intégration du marché interprovincial canadien, en plus d'augmenter sa notoriété, sa crédibilité et de permettre une meilleure mise en œuvre.

Regional Effects of Port Infrastructure: A Spatial CGE Application to Brazil

This article attempts to elucidate one of the mechanisms that link trade barriers, in the form of port costs, and subsequent growth and regional inequality. Prior attention has focused on inland or link costs, but port costs can be considered as a further barrier to enhancing trade liberalization and growth. In contrast to a highway link, congestion at a port may have severe impacts that are spread over space and time whereas highway link congestion may be resolved within several hours. Since a port is part of the transportation network, any congestion/disruption is likely to ripple throughout the hinterland. In this sense, it is important to model properly the role nodal components play in the context of spatial models and international trade. In this article, a spatial computable general equilibrium (CGE) model that is integrated to a transport network system is presented to simulate the impacts of increases in port efficiency in Brazil. The role of ports of entry and ports of exit are explicitly considered to grasp the holistic picture in an integrated interregional system. Measures of efficiency for different port locations are incorporated in the calibration of the model and used as the benchmark in our simulations. Three scenarios are evaluated: (1) an overall increase in port efficiency in Brazil to achieve international standards; (2) efficiency gains associated with decentralization in port management in Brazil; and (3) regionally differentiated increases in port efficiency to reach the boundary of the national efficiency frontier.

Migration and trade: Theory with an Application to the Eastern- Western European Integration

The remarkable increase in trade flows and in migratory flows of highly educated people are two important features of globalization of the last decades. This paper extends a two-country model of inter- and intraindustry trade to a rich environment featuring technological differences, skill differences and the possibility of international labor mobility. The model is used to explain the patterns of trade and migration as countries remove barriers to trade and to labor mobility. We parameterize the model to match the features of the Western and Eastern European members of the EU and analyze first the effects of the trade liberalization which occured between 1989 and 2004, and then the gains and losses from migration which are expected to occur if legal barriers to labor mobility are substantially reduced. The lower barriers to migration would result in significant migration of skilled workers from Eastern European countries. Interestingly, this would not only benefit the migrants and most Western European workers but, via trade, it would also benefit the workers remaining in Eastern Europe. Key Words: Skilled Migration, Gains from Variety, Real Wages, Eastern-Western Europe. JEL Codes: F12, F22, J61.

From harmonisation to better, smart and fit food law

As the European Union (EU) approaches its 60th anniversary, it is worth assessing progress towards a key objective – the abolition of barriers to the marketing of food in the EU. Food has always created particular problems for the EU as national differences in diets, culture and geography make standardisation impossible. Early attempts focussed on direct measures to harmonise requirements or, later, to create an ‘internal market’. Subsequently a changed emphasis brought about the need to focus more clearly on the harmonisation of food safety. More widely, the recent recognition that too much legislation can itself create barriers has led legislators to attempt to consider more carefully the impact of their efforts. This paper reflects on the various stages in the creation of harmonised food controls and considers how case law has impacted the process. Today there are still differences and complete barrier-free trade seems some way off.

Trade between Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and Central American Common Market (CACM) countries: the role to play for ports and shipping services

Includes bibliography