Relatório anual de atividades [da] Embrapa Suínos e Aves 2005.

2006

Análise de investimentos em suínos, aves e florestas no estado de Santa Catarina.

2005

Flotado de efluentes de frigorífico de suínos e aves - 1. Composição química.

2006

Matriz para avaliação do impacto ambiental das produções de suínos e aves

2009

Discharge competence and pattern formation in peatlands: a meta-ecosystem model of the Everglades ridge-slough landscape.

Regular landscape patterning arises from spatially-dependent feedbacks, and can undergo catastrophic loss in response to changing landscape drivers. The central Everglades (Florida, USA) historically exhibited regular, linear, flow-parallel orientation of high-elevation sawgrass ridges and low-elevation sloughs that has degraded due to hydrologic modification. In this study, we use a meta-ecosystem approach to model a mechanism for the establishment, persistence, and loss of this landscape. The discharge competence (or self-organizing canal) hypothesis assumes non-linear relationships between peat accretion and water depth, and describes flow-dependent feedbacks of microtopography on water depth. Closed-form model solutions demonstrate that 1) this mechanism can produce spontaneous divergence of local elevation; 2) divergent and homogenous states can exhibit global bi-stability; and 3) feedbacks that produce divergence act anisotropically. Thus, discharge competence and non-linear peat accretion dynamics may explain the establishment, persistence, and loss of landscape pattern, even in the absence of other spatial feedbacks. Our model provides specific, testable predictions that may allow discrimination between the self-organizing canal hypotheses and competing explanations. The potential for global bi-stability suggested by our model suggests that hydrologic restoration may not re-initiate spontaneous pattern establishment, particularly where distinct soil elevation modes have been lost. As a result, we recommend that management efforts should prioritize maintenance of historic hydroperiods in areas of conserved pattern over restoration of hydrologic regimes in degraded regions. This study illustrates the value of simple meta-ecosystem models for investigation of spatial processes.

Tectonic and magmatic segmentation of the Global Ocean Ridge System: A synthesis of observations

© 2016 The Author(s).Mid-ocean ridges display tectonic segmentation defined by discontinuities of the axial zone, and geophysical and geochemical observations suggest segmentation of the underlying magmatic plumbing system. Here, observations of tectonic and magmatic segmentation at ridges spreading from fast to ultraslow rates are reviewed in light of influential concepts of ridge segmentation, including the notion of hierarchical segmentation, spreading cells and centralized v. multiple supply of mantle melts. The observations support the concept of quasi-regularly spaced principal magmatic segments, which are 30-50 km long on average at fast- to slow-spreading ridges and fed by melt accumulations in the shallow asthenosphere. Changes in ridge properties approaching or crossing transform faults are often comparable with those observed at smaller offsets, and even very small discontinuities can be major boundaries in ridge properties. Thus, hierarchical segmentation models that suggest large-scale transform fault-bounded segmentation arises from deeper level processes in the asthenosphere than the finer-scale segmentation are not generally supported. The boundaries between some but not all principal magmatic segments defined by ridge axis geophysical properties coincide with geochemical boundaries reflecting changes in source composition or melting processes. Where geochemical boundaries occur, they can coincide with discontinuities of a wide range of scales.

Factores estructurales y dinámicos que regulan la diversidad de aves en agroecosistemas pampeanos

La intensificación agrícola de la región pampeana puede tener efectos sobre la diversidad de aves que necesitan ser evaluados. Para hacerlo, se necesita conocer qué factores determinan la diversidad de aves y a qué escalas se dan. Las investigaciones recientes han estado orientadas a estudiar los factores estructurales del paisaje como determinantes de la biodiversidad. Los factores dinámicos, en cambio, han recibido menos interés. En este trabajo se evaluaron los factores estructurales y dinámicos del paisaje que determinan la diversidad de aves en la región pampeana. El área de estudio se clasificó en zonas con condiciones ambientales contrastantes de estructura e historia agronómica y en ellas se muestreó la diversidad de aves. Utilizamos modelos de lógica difusa, los cuales permiten utilizar variables lingüísticas para caracterizar la complejidad espacio - temporal del paisaje y trabajarlas con otras cuantitativas y categóricas. La riqueza de aves mostró una correlación positiva con la complejidad y el porcentaje de cobertura de pastura a escala local, aunque menor para esta última. A escala de faceta, la riqueza de aves se correlacionó positivamente con la complejidad del paisaje y negativamente con la intensidad de uso agrícola. La oferta de recursos de nidificación fue el factor que determinó más claramente la distribución de las especies. La influencia de la dinámica del paisaje fue estudiada en el corto plazo a partir de una sequía que tuvo lugar durante el segundo año de muestreo. La sequía afectó la abundancia de las especies, pero en forma diferencial según sus hábitos tróficos. El efecto de la sequía también fue diferente según el uso principal de la tierra a escala local. Los resultados mostraron que en agroecosistemas pampeanos la diversidad de aves está determinada principalmente por elementos antrópicos del paisaje ajenos al bioma original. Por lo tanto, se debería enfocar el manejo del paisaje sobre estos elementos más que sobre el uso del suelo para favorecer la biodiversidad en la región.

Guía de las aves silvestres de las Facultades de Agronomía y de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad de Buenos Aires

p.191-216

De nietos y aves

Soluciones a los Problemas de los abuelos, estudio de las respuestas a uno de los problemas planteados en el Torneo de Matemáticas para 2º de la ESO de la Sociedad Canaria Isaac Newton de profesores de matemáticas. Actividad de resolución de problemas en una clase de 6º de Primaria.

Food sources, behaviour, and distribution of hydrothermal vent shrimps at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Five species of bresilioid shrimp were investigated at seven hydrothermal sites on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Menez Gwen, Lucky Strike, Rainbow, Broken Spur, TAG, Snake Pit and Logatchev. Samples were prepared for analysis of stable isotopes, elemental composition and lipids. Shrimp behaviour was observed from the submersible ‘Alvin’ and in the laboratory aboard RV ‘Atlantis’. The distribution and zonation of the shrimp species was recorded. Juvenile shrimp of all species arrive at the vents carrying reserves of photosynthetic origin, built-up in the pelagic larval stages. These reserves are used while the shrimp metamorphose to the adult form and, in Rimicaris exoculata and Chorocaris chacei, while they develop epibiotic bacteria supporting structures, the modified mouthparts and the inside of the carapace. The main food of adult R. exoculata is filamentous bacteria that grow on these structures. The intermediate sizes of C. chacei also feed on such bacteria, but the final stage gets some food by scavenging or predation. Mirocaris species scavenge diverse sources; they are not trophically dependent on either R. exoculata or mussels. Adults of Alvinocaris markensis are predators of other vent animals, including R. exoculata. The dense swarms of R. exoculata, with their exosymbionts, can be compared to endosymbiont-containing animals such as Bathymodiolus and the vestimentiferan tube-worms of the Pacific vents. Such associations, whether endo- or ectosymbiotic, may be necessary for the development of flourishing communities at hydrothermal vents.

Different energy sources for three symbiont-dependent bivalve molluscs at the Lagatchve hydrothermal site (Mid Atlantic Ridge)

The vent mussel Bathymodiolus puteoserpentis, a large vesicomyid clam and a smaller thyasirid were collected from an area of sediment subject to diffuse hydrothermal flow. The mussels live on the surface, the vesicomyids are partly buried and the thyasirids burrow in the sediment. The fine structure of the gills differs in the three bivalves. Bathymodiolus puteoserpentis hosts two types of bacterial symbiont, one methanotrophic, and another probably thiotrophic. The other two bivalves have single types of symbiont of different shapes. Stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen indicate thiotrophy in the vesicomyid and thyasirid, but a predominance of methanotrophy in the mussel. This is the first time that such an assemblage has been found at a hydrothermal site on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), with the different faunistic elements exploiting different energy resources