984 resultados para Anos-padrão
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A-Nperp, Pg-Nperp e mandibular plane). Thirty patients (male or female), with age varying from 19 to 48 years old were analyzed. All patients were diagnosted with mandibular retrognathism and submitted to bilateral sagital mandibular advancement. All tracings were performed in lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained one week before surgery. The intraclass correlation coefficient analysis (ICC), the t test adjusted for Tukey-Kramer test and Schuirmann test were applied. The results showed that the manual tracings and Nemotec® tracing had excellent reliabilities for all measures (ICC > 0.98). The Dolphin Imaging® showed low reliability in anterior facial height (value of ICC = 0.70), Co-A (value of ICC = 0.47) and Co-Gn (ICC value = 0.49). In A-Nperp, Pg-Nperp, Mandibular plan, SNA and SNB there were no differences between the 3 tracings (p > 0.05), for the anterior facial height measures differences were found between the Dolphin Imaging® and Nemotec® tracings, but no differences were observed as compared to the manual tracing (p > 0.05), in Co-A and Co-Gn measures t Dolphin Imaging® presented a significantly lower mean than the other methods (p > 0.05). The manual tracings were equivalent in 6 of 8 measures (A-Nperp, Pg-Nperp, md Plan, SNA, SNB and Co-A), there was no equivalence between the methods in the anterior facial height and Co-Gn measures (p < 0.01). The Dolphin Imaging® method was not equivalent in any of the 8 measures. It was concluded that in the manual tracing only the Co- Gn, Pg-Nperp and SNB measures confirmed the diagnosis of mandibular retrognathism, and the Nemotec® software showed better results than the Dolphin Imaging® software.
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Tactile sensibility allows for adequate neuropsychomotor development. In addition, it enables the understanding of the subject’s own body, actions and explorations of objects, people and the environment. Previous studies have evaluated 3 to 10 year-old children. Herein, we evaluate the tactile sensibility in adolescents. The aim of this study was to verify whether the rapid growth of the body changes the normal pattern of tactile sensibility in adolescents. Furthermore, we provide evaluation material that is easy to use, simple, and secure to handle, designed to attend the specific age range studied. Thirty-two young participants between 11 and 18 years old, sixteen males and sixteen females, were evaluated. The adolescents go to public school and present normal development patterns. Graphesthesia, stereognosia, and Semmes-Weinstein monofilament tests were performed to evaluate the sensibility on the ventral and dorsal sides of the right and left hands. A questionnaire was used to identify the relevant activities performed with the hands during the studied period. The adolescents tested were collaborative during the research and presented curiosity regarding the boxes used in the experiment. Results indicated alterations in the tactile sensibility on the dorsal side of the hands from 13-year- old males. The major activities indicated by the adolescents were writing and sports for males and writing and cleaning for females. First evidences of possible changes in the normal tactile sensibility during adolescence were observed in this study.
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Aim: to evaluate the association of the long face pattern and the mouth breathing, correlating them with the intraoral characteristics. Methods: the sample was composed of 60 Caucasian Brazilian descendents patients, divided in two groups according to the subjective of their facial pattern. The patients were clinically evaluated to determine their respiratory pattern and the diagnosed of malocclusion. The lateral teleradiographies were drawn in standard to verification facial cephalometric pattern. Chi-Square analysis evaluated the association between subjective facial pattern and type of breathing; facial pattern subjective and cephalometric facial pattern. It was also the chi-square with yates correction to evaluate the associations between subjective facial pattern, type of breathing and posterior cross bite; facial subjective standard, type of breathing and anterior open bite; facial pattern between subjective, type breathing and type of Angle´s malocclusion. Results: it showed that long face pattern (group 1) was associated with mouth breathing habit and facial cephalometric standard. Moreover, the long-face pattern (group 1) presented that mouth breathing was associated with a posterior crossbite and Angle Class II malocclusion. Conclusion: the long face pattern - evaluated with subjective facial analyses - was associated with mouth breathing. The long face pattern and patients with mouth breathing was associated with a posterior crossbite and Class II Angle's malocclusion.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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This work focuses on the study of video compression standard MPEG. To this end, a study was undertaken starting from the basics of digital video, addressing the components necessary for the understanding of the tools used by the video coding standard MPEG. The Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) was formed in the late '80s by a group of experts in order to create international standards for encoding and decoding audio and video. This paper will discuss the techniques present in the video compression standard MPEG, as well as its evolution. Will be described in the MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4 and H.264 (MPEG-4 Part 10), however, the last two will be presented with more emphasis, because the standards are present in most modern video technologies, as in HDTV broadcasts
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In Brazil, the practice of Soccer is encouraged very early. It is common remark that parents enroll their sons into soccer schools, promoting the involvement of these children in formal practice. However, there are not many studies that assess the effects of this practice in the physical capacities of children. Thus, the question that guides this study is: children who practice soccer systematically present better development of physical, especially agility, coordination and speed? The objective of this study was to compare the performance in velocity tests, agility and coordination of boys of 10 and 11 years, category dentinho or Sub-11, practitioners of soccer in schools and non practicing. The study included male children, born in 1997 and 1998, formed two groups: group of practitioners of soccer and group of non practicing. To belong to the group of practitioners, the child was regularly engaged for at least 1 year, with 1 hour daily and 2 to 3 times per week. The participants of the group of non practicing were not involved in regular practice of soccer and were paired in weight and stature with participants of the group of practitioners of soccer. Each participant was individually assessed in neutral environment and without foreign interference. For the assessment of the agility, was utilized the (shuttle run) test. The race test 30 meters stopped was employed for the assessment of the speed. The test of fiddling between the cones was employed to measure the coordination. The time spent to perform 1 attempt to each test was used for the comparison between groups. These data were treated, initially, by descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and, subsequently, were compared by means of Anova, for independent samples. The significance level was maintained at 5%. Through analysis of the results the conclusion is that the regular practice ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Pós-graduação em Física - FEG
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This paper seeks to understand the mediation of cultural products devoted to childhood in the children's play culture. This research focused on a dialogue between the TV cartoons, which are foods to playfulness and fantasy that characterize childhood cultures; the ethics, because the questioning of symbolic mediators (ideas, values, norms, rules) are essential to reflect on the society we want to live, and Physical Education as a curriculum component, shall contribute to the critical mediation of the body culture and the sports arising out from the media, which has close relation with the practical and moral problems that arise in the classroom. To analyze the narrative structures of cartoons we have adopted the comprehensive methodology of Joan Ferrés. Such method suggests a hermeneuticphenomenological approach, which allowed to access Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics; as one interpretative method, it allows the reflection on our values, and also the values presented by the audiovisual product, and possible changes. Successive readings indicate that the narrative structure of TV cartoons responds to a double moral standard, which are constructed from stereotyped models between good and evil, right and wrong, villain and hero, and propose universal role models of conduct. However, some cartoons, mostly based on animé productions, have broader visions of the human common living experiences. We concluded that the current symbolic production of childhood cultures proposes one challenge to the Physical Education teacher: the critical mediation of values related to the movement body culture. Along with the support of moral philosophy, it can target his/her practice for understanding the different manners of (re)creation of the ways, and the living in society.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Neste artigo, propõe-se uma análise dos artigos sobre o ensino secundário, publicados na Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos (RBEP) ao longo dos anos de 1950. Investigam-se as críticas feitas por seus colaboradores à organização dada pela Lei Orgânica do Ensino Secundário (1942) a ramo do ensino médio, assim como as principais propostas de reforma, visando a torná-lo mais ativo, mais prático e mais popular. O objetivo principal é investigar que novo padrão de ensino secundário se projetava da combinação dos argumentos, como ideal para o ensino secundário brasileiro nos anos 1950. Tais necessidades se justificavam pela ideia de que o mundo vinha sendo regido por "novos imperativos" culturais, que a escola brasileira deveria adotar a fim de fomentar o desenvolvimento do país.
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O presente estudo pretende articular conhecimentos entre a Terapia da Fala e a Linguística, através de uma investigação observacional. Tendo por componente empírica uma amostra constituída por 150 crianças em idade escolar (dos 5 anos e 7 meses aos 10 anos), sem dificuldades no desenvolvimento da linguagem e que frequentam escolas públicas do concelho do Funchal da ilha da Madeira, selecionadas de acordo com a localização, número total de alunos e ranking, procura-se avaliar o seu desempenho linguístico, através da aplicação da Grelha de Avaliação da Linguagem, nível escolar (GOL-E). Os resultados da análise quantitativa mostram que o desenvolvimento da linguagem das crianças madeirenses não se distancia dos valores percentuais observados em crianças continentais, nos vários domínios considerados na GOL-E - semântico, morfossintático e fonológico. Do ponto de vista qualitativo, constata-se o uso significativo de variantes linguísticas não padrão em português (verbo ir na 3ª pessoa do singular no presente do indicativo, assim como o uso do clítico se). Relativamente aos fatores que poderão influenciar o desenvolvimento da linguagem, podemos observar que a idade da criança, as habilitações literárias dos pais e o número de membros do agregado familiar são os mais importantes na variação do desenvolvimento da linguagem. Já no que concerne às variáveis não ordinais, nota-se significância estatística da influência do tipo de família, naturalidade do Professor e localização da escola.
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O presente estudo pretende articular conhecimentos entre a Terapia da Fala e a Linguística, através de uma investigação observacional. Tendo por componente empírica uma amostra constituída por 150 crianças em idade escolar (dos 5 anos e 7 meses aos 10 anos), sem dificuldades no desenvolvimento da linguagem e que frequentam escolas públicas do concelho do Funchal da ilha da Madeira, selecionadas de acordo com a localização, número total de alunos e ranking, procura-se avaliar o seu desempenho linguístico, através da aplicação da Grelha de Avaliação da Linguagem, nível escolar (GOL-E). Os resultados da análise quantitativa mostram que o desenvolvimento da linguagem das crianças madeirenses não se distancia dos valores percentuais observados em crianças continentais, nos vários domínios considerados na GOL-E - semântico, morfossintático e fonológico. Do ponto de vista qualitativo, constata-se o uso significativo de variantes linguísticas não padrão em português (verbo ir na 3ª pessoa do singular no presente do indicativo, assim como o uso do clítico se). Relativamente aos fatores que poderão influenciar o desenvolvimento da linguagem, podemos observar que a idade da criança, as habilitações literárias dos pais e o número de membros do agregado familiar são os mais importantes na variação do desenvolvimento da linguagem. Já no que concerne às variáveis não ordinais, nota-se significância estatística da influência do tipo de família, naturalidade do Professor e localização da escola.
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Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz
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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o tamanho do espaço aéreo naso e bucofaríngeo em indivíduos com má oclusão Classe II, divisão 1 de Angle. A metodologia constou da mensuração do espaço aéreo naso e bucofaríngeo em 122 telerradiografias laterais de indivíduos na faixa etária dos 12 aos 21 anos, brasileiros leucodermas. Desses indivíduos, 62 apresentavam respiração nasal e 60 respiração bucal, não sendo submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico prévio. Os resultados demonstraram a ausência de dimorfimo sexual; os indivíduos respiradores nasais apresentaram maiores dimensões dos limites superior e inferior e da menor secção transversal do espaço aéreo quando comparado aos respiradores bucais. O tamanho médio da adenóide foi maior nos pacientes respiradores bucais. Quando comparamos as variáveis estudadas com os padrões faciais não foram observadas diferenças entre os mesmos, porém quando associamos padrão facial com o tipo de respiração foi encontrada maior proporção de indivíduos respiradores bucais nos padrões dolicofacial e mesofacial em relação ao padrão braquifacial.