Surprised by Syntax: Reading the Latinity of Paradise Lost

Stanley Fish in his monumental study argued that the reader of Paradise Lost is “surprised by sin” as he or she in the course of engaging with the text falls, like Adam and Eve, into sin and error and is brought up short. Through a “programme of reader harassment” the experience of the fall is re-enacted in the process of reading, wherein lies the poem’s meaning. And reader response criticism was born. But if for Fish the twentieth-century reader is “surprised by sin,” might not the twenty-first century reader, an all too frequently Latinless reader, be surprised by syntax, a syntax which despite of (or maybe because of) its inherent Latinity and associated linguistic alterity functions as a seductively attractive other? The reader, like Eve, is indeed surprised: enchanted, bemused, seduced by the abundant classicism, by the formal Latinate rhetoric achieved by a Miltonic unison of “Voice and Verse” and also by the language of a Satanic tempter who is—in the pejorative sense of the Latin adjective bilinguis—“double-tongued, deceitful, treacherous.” It is hardly an accident that this adjective (with which Milton qualifies hellish betrayal in his Latin gunpowder epic) was typically applied to the forked tongue of a serpent. This study argues that key to the success of the double-tongued Miltonic serpens bilinguis, is his use and abuse of Latinate language and rhetoric. It posits the possible case that this is mirrored in the linguistic methodology of the poeta bilinguis, the geminus Miltonus? For if, like Eve, the twenty-first century reader of Paradise Lost is surprised by syntax, by the Miltonic use and the Satanic abuse of a Latinate voice, might not he or she also be surprised by the text’s bilingual speaking voice?

The Construction of Professional Identity

[Excerpt] The classification of ‘professions’ has been a debated topic (Abbott, 1988; Friedson 2001), with several researchers putting forth varying criteria which distinguish a profession from other occupations. Previously, an individual would be considered a professional only once they had completed and attained all of the training, certifications and credentials of a professional occupation and, of course, internalized this profession’s values and norms (Wilensky, 1964). Recently, researchers have begun to relax the criteria for classifying professional occupations, insisting only that the occupation be skill- or education-based (Benveniste, 1987; Ibarra, 1999). Furthermore, in today’s workplace, which is burgeoning with independent knowledge workers, the term ‘profession’ is often used as an adjective rather than a noun, describing how individuals carry out their work with knowledge and skill rather than the specific kind of work they do (see Chapter 9 in this book).

Refletir sobre a língua através do jogo – um estudo com alunos do 2.º ano do ensino básico

Relatório de estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º e do 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

La Biblioteca de Babel: El universo de Jorge Luis Borges

Cuán oportuno es el hecho de conversar sobre aspectos básicos y específicos de la producción literaria de Jorge Luis Borges (Buenos Aires, 1899-Ginebra, 1986) con los estudiantes y el personal de la Escuela de Bibliotecología, Documentación e Información de la Universidad Nacional.Pretendo ante todo destacar de este gran escritor argentino su experiencia vital y de trabajo con los textos, los libros y las bibliotecas. Borges desempeñó su labor como bibliotecario: primero, en la Biblioteca Pública, Miguel Cané, puesto de auxiliar que desempeñó de 1937 a 1946, ya que con el ascenso de Juan Domingo Perón a la Presidencia de Argentina, Borges fue desplazado de estas funciones. Posteriormente, en 1955, a la caída del régimen peronista fue nombrado Director de la Biblioteca Nacional, cargo que desempeñó hasta 1973, con motivo de su renuncia ante el nuevo ascenso del peronismo al gobierno.El sustantivo "biblioteca" junto con el adjetivo "total" y antecedidos por el artículo definido "la", señalan que la biblioteca adquiere para el autor una dimensión integradora que, en parte se explica, si consideramos el significado que la biblioteca tuvo en la vida y producción literaria de Jorge Luis Borges.

Determinación del grado de ansiedad en los pacientes del área de Gastroenterología de la consulta externa del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso que se van a realizar una colonoscopia -2015

Antecedentes: La ansiedad es un estímulo nervioso negativo que resulta en alteraciones somáticas y psíquicas, que se presenta en pacientes previo a un procedimiento terapéutico biológico, la cual de alguna manera irrumpe el correcto desarrollo y recuperación del procedimiento médico. Objetivo: Determinar el grado de ansiedad en los pacientes del el área de gastroenterología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, que van a realizarse una colonoscopia. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, con una muestra de 102 pacientes del área de gastroenterología de la Consulta Externa del HVCM. La técnica aplicada fue la entrevista y el instrumento fue el Test de Hamilton. La tabulación y análisis de datos se realizó en el programa SPSS versión 15 y Excel. Los resultados se muestran en tablas y gráficos simples Uso de los resultados: de los 102 pacientes evaluados el 56.9% corresponden al género femenino, el promedio de edad es de 52,89 años, el 34,3% son adultos jóvenes seguidos de adultos medios 29,4%, el 65.7% son casados, 41.2% han cursado la primaria completa, 61,8% son del área rural. El grado de ansiedad fue moderada 86.3%, la cual se presentó en el género femenino en un 49%; el 38,2% de pacientes con ansiedad tienen escolaridad baja y el 28,4% son adultos jóvenes. La investigación concluye que la ansiedad está presente en todos los pacientes previo a procedimientos médicos, generando así que dicho proceso sea limitado para el equipo médico y más aún para el paciente.

Perifrasi verbali con εἰμί più participio nelle varianti del Pentateuco dei LXX

Nell’articolo sono raccolte e discusse le varianti con εἰμί più participio individuate nei testimoni della tradizione testuale del Pentateuco dei LXX; sono considerate anche le varianti con γίνομαι ma solo quelle concerneti il predicato nominale. La finalità è di osservare se vi siano tracce dell’affermazione della perifrasi nelle varianti, eventuali concentrazioni di frequenza insieme a sfumature d’uso, con particolare attenzione alla datazione dei testimoni dove appaiono. Un paragrafo è riservato anche alle varianti di costruzioni con predicato nominale (copula + aggettivo) rispetto a un verbo finito.

El efecto-ideología en la narrativa de Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly

Jules Barbey d’Aurevilly has been an unknown writer until recently, even in his home country, France. Nevertheless, his literary work has undergone a growing interest in the last decades. The erudite Jacques Petit was the first who studied his novels in the mid-eighties with a luxury edition of his works in the prestigious French publisher La Pléiade. He opened the way to discover the figure of the Normand author and his extensive and varied literary work. Barbey d'Aurevilly was known as a dandy artisan of his own persona, adopting an aristocratic style and hinting at a mysterious past, though his parentage was provincial bourgeois nobility, and his youth comparatively uneventful. Inspired by the character and ambience of Valognes, he set his works in the society of Normand aristocracy. Although he himself did not use the Normand patois, his example encouraged the revival of vernacular literature in his home region. The author’s family lost his fortune during the French Revolution, reason why he was against it and defended the Monarchy and the Ancien Regime; he became a counter-revolutionary. A counter-revolutionary is someone who opposes to a revolution, particularly the one who acts after a revolution to try to overturn or reverse it totally or in part. The adjective "counter-revolutionary" refers to movements that would restore the state of affairs or the principles that prevail during a prerevolutionary era; his essays, letters and newspaper articles refer to this...