Arrest of root formation in a permanent maxillary central incisor subsequent to trauma and pulp necrosis to the primary predecessor

This paper reports a case in which a previous traumatic injury at the age of 2 and pulp necrosis to a primary incisor resulted in a rare injury to the permanent successor tooth. The radiographic examination at the age of 9 showed the arrest of root formation of the permanent maxillary right central incisor, which did not erupt. Tooth 11 was extracted and a functional removable space maintainer was prepared. At the age of 17, the patient received an anterior fixed prosthesis for re-establishment of the esthetics, phonetics and deglutition.

Paullinia cupana Mart. var. sorbilis, Guarana, Increases Survival of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) Bearing Mice by Decreasing Cyclin-D1 Expression and Inducing a G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest in EAC Cells

The objective of this work is to report the antiproliferative effect of P. cupana treatment in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC)-bearing animals. Female mice were treated with three doses of powdered P. cupana (100, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg) for 7 days, injected with 10(5) EAC cells and treated up to day 21. In addition, a survival experiment was carried out with the same protocol. P. cupana decreased the ascites volume (p = 0.0120), cell number (p = 0.0004) and hemorrhage (p = 0.0054). This occurred through a G1-phase arrest (p < 0.01) induced by a decreased gene expression of Cyclin D1 in EAC cells. Furthermore, P. cupana significantly increased the survival of EAC-bearing animals (p = 0.0012). In conclusion, the P. cupana growth control effect in this model was correlated with a decreased expression of cyclin D1 and a G1 phase arrest. These results reinforce the cancer therapeutic potential of this Brazilian plant. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Upregulation of E2F1 in cerebellar neuroprogenitor cells and cell cycle arrest during postnatal brain development

In the developing cerebellum, proliferation of granular neuroprogenitor (GNP) cells lasts until the early postnatal stages when terminal maturation of the cerebellar cortex occurs. GNPs are considered cell targets for neoplastic transformation, and disturbances in cerebellar GNP cell proliferation may contribute to the development of pediatric medulloblastoma. At the molecular level, proliferation of GNPs is regulated through an orchestrated action of the SHH, NOTCH, and WNT pathways, but the underlying mechanisms still need to be dissected. Here, we report that expression of the E2F1 transcription factor in rat GNPs is inversely correlated with cell proliferation rate during postnatal development, as opposed to its traditional SHH-dependent induction of cell cycle. Proliferation of GNPs peaked at postnatal day 3 (P3), with a subsequent continuing decrease in proliferation rates occurring until P12. Such gradual decline in proliferating neuroprogenitors paralleled the extent of cerebellum maturation confirmed by histological analysis with cresyl violet staining and temporal expression profiling of SHH, NOTCH2, and WNT4 genes. A time course analysis of E2F1 expression in GNPs revealed significantly increased levels at P12, correlating with decreased cell proliferation. Expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p18 (Ink4c) , a target of E2F1, was also significantly higher at P12. Conversely, increased E2F1 expression did not correlate with either SMAC/DIABLO and BCL2 expression profiles or apoptosis of cerebellar cells. Altogether, these results suggest that E2F1 may also be involved in the inhibition of GNP proliferation during rat postnatal development despite its conventional mitogenic effects.

Metallopeptidase inhibitors arrest vital biological processes in the fungal pathogen Scedosporium apiospermum

P>Scedosporium apiospermum is an emerging agent of opportunistic mycoses in humans. Previously, we showed that mycelia of S. apiospermum secreted metallopeptidases which were directly linked to the destruction of key host proteins. In this study, we analysed the effect of metallopeptidase inhibitors on S. apiospermum development. As germination of inhaled conidia is a crucial event in the infectious process of S. apiospermum, we studied the morphological transformation induced by the incubation of conidia in Sabouraud-dextrose medium at 37 degrees C. After 6 h, some conidia presented a small projection resembling a germ-tube. A significant increase, around sixfold, in the germ-tube length was found after 12 h, and hyphae were exclusively observed after 24 h. Three distinct metallopeptidase inhibitors were able to arrest the transformation of conidia into hyphae in different ways; for instance, 1,10-phenanthroline (PHEN) completely blocked this process at 10 mu mol l-1, while ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and ethylene glycol-bis (beta-aminoethyl ether; EGTA) only partially inhibited the differentiation at up to 10 mmol l-1. EGTA did not promote any significant reduction in the conidial growth, while PHEN and EDTA, both at 10 mmol l-1, inhibited the proliferation around 100% and 65%, respectively. The secretion of polypeptides into the extracellular environment and the metallopeptidase activity secreted by mycelia were completely inhibited by PHEN. These findings suggest that metallo-type enzymes could be potential targets for future therapeutic interventions against S. apiospermum.

Sexing of murine and bovine embryos by developmental high-titer arrest induced by H-Y antisera

Murine and bovine embryos at the late morula stage were cultured in medium containing high-titer rat H-Y antisera. After 12 h of incubation, embryos blocked at the late morulae stage were classified as males and those at the blastocyst stage were classified as females. Sexing of murine embryos by PCR and cytogenetics revealed that 83% of the embryos classified as males and 82% of those classified as females had their sex correctly predicted (P < 0.05). Bovine embryos were transferred to recipient females. Pregnancy rates were 71.4% (10/14) for embryos classified as males and 68.8% (11/16) for embryos classified as females. The sex was correctly predicted for 80% (8/10) of the embryos classified as males and for 81.8% (9/11) of those classified as females (overall accuracy, 80.9%, P < 0.05). Therefore, the induction of developmental arrest by high-titer male-specific antisera was an efficient strategy for non-invasive embryo sexing. The procedure was straightforward and has considerable commercial potential for sexing bovine embryos. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Cell cycle arrest evidence, parasiticidal and bactericidal properties induced by L-amino acid oxidase from Bothrops atrox snake venom

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Perioperative cardiac arrest and its mortality in children. A 9-year survey in a Brazilian tertiary teaching hospital

Background: the incidence of perioperative cardiac arrest and mortality in children is higher than in adults. This survey evaluated the incidence, causes, and outcome of perioperative cardiac arrests in a pediatric surgical population in a tertiary teaching hospital between 1996 and 2004.Methods: the incidence of cardiac arrest during anesthesia was identified from an anesthesia database. During the study period, 15 253 anesthetics were performed in children. Data collected included patient demographics, surgical procedures (elective, urgent, or emergency), ASA physical status classification, anesthesia provider information, type of surgery, surgical areas, and outcome. All cardiac arrests were reviewed and grouped by the cause of arrest and death into one of four groups: totally anesthesia-related, partially anesthesia-related, totally surgery-related, or totally child disease or condition-related.Results: There were 35 cardiac arrests (22.9 : 10 000) and 15 deaths (9.8 : 10 000). Major risk factors for cardiac arrest were neonates and children under 1 year of age (P < 0.05) with ASA III or poorer physical status (P < 0.05), in emergency surgery (P < 0.05), and general anesthesia (P < 0.05). Child disease/condition was the major cause of cardiac arrest or death (P < 0.05). There were seven cardiac arrests because of anesthesia (4.58 : 10 000) - four totally (2.62 : 10 000) and three partially related to anesthesia (1.96 : 10 000). There were no anesthesia attributable deaths reported. The main causes of anesthesia attributable cardiac arrest were respiratory events (71.5%) and medication-related events (28.5%).Conclusions: Perioperative cardiac arrests were relatively higher in neonates and infants than in older children with severe underlying disease and during emergency surgery. The fact that all anesthesia attributable cardiac arrests were related to airway management and medication administration is important in prevention strategies.

Perioperative cardiac arrest: a study of 53718 anaesthetics over 9 yr from a Brazilian teaching hospital

Background. Little information exists regarding factors influencing perioperative cardiac arrests and their outcome. This survey evaluated the incidence, causes and outcome of perioperative cardiac arrests in a Brazilian tertiary general teaching hospital between April 1996 and March 2005.Methods. The incidence of cardiac arrest during anaesthesia was prospectively identified from an anaesthesia database. There were 53 718 anaesthetics during the study period. Data collected included patient characteristics, surgical procedures (elective, urgent or emergency), ASA physical status classification, anaesthesia provider information, type of surgery, surgical areas and outcome. All cardiac arrests were retrospectively reviewed and grouped by cause of arrest and death into one of four groups: totally anaesthesia related, partially anaesthesia related, totally surgery related or totally patient disease or condition related.Results. One hundred and eighty-six cardiac arrests (34.6:10 000) and 118 deaths (21.97:10 000) were found. Major risk factors for cardiac arrest were neonates, children under 1 yr and the elderly (P < 0.05), male patients with ASA III or poorer physical status (P < 0.05), in emergency surgery (P < 0.05) and under general anaesthesia (P < 0.05). Patient disease/condition was the major cause of cardiac arrest or death (P < 0.05). There were 18 anaesthesia-related cardiac arrests (3.35:10 000)-10 totally attributed (1.86:10 000) and 8 partially related to anaesthesia (1.49:10 000). There were 6 anaesthesia-related deaths (1.12:10 000)-3 totally attributable and 3 partially related to anaesthesia (0.56:10 000 in both cases). The main causes of anaesthesia-related cardiac arrest were respiratory events (55.5%) and medication-related events (44.5%).Conclusions. Perioperative cardiac arrests were relatively higher in neonates, infants, the elderly and in males with severe underlying disease and under emergency surgery. All anaesthesia-related cardiac arrests were related to airway management and medication administration which is important for prevention strategies.

Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in TP53 subtypes of bladder carcinoma cell lines treated with cisplatin and gemcitabine

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Gonadal function arrest in fillies after birth, as reflected by steroid serum concentrations

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Developmental changes in cold tolerance and ability to autoresuscitate from hypothermic respiratory arrest are not linked in rats and hamsters

In adult mammals, severe hypothermia leads to respiratory and cardiac arrest, followed by death. Neonatal rats and hamsters can survive much lower body temperatures and, upon artificial rewarming, spontaneously recover from respiratory arrest (autoresuscitate), typically suffering no long-term effects. To determine developmental and species differences in cold tolerance (defined here as the temperature of respiratory arrest) and its relation to the ability to autoresuscitate, we cooled neonatal and juvenile Sprague-Dawley rats and Syrian hamsters until respiration ceased, followed by rewarming. Ventilation and heartbeat were continuously monitored. In rats, cold tolerance did not change throughout development, however the ability to autoresuscitate from hypothermic respiratory arrest did (lost between postnatal days, P, 14 and 20), suggesting that the mechanisms for maintaining breathing at low temperatures was retained throughout development while those initiating breathing on rewarming were altered. Hamsters, however, showed increased cold tolerance until P26-28 and were able to autoresuscitate into adulthood (provided the heart kept beating throughout respiratory arrest). Also, hamsters were more cold tolerant than rats. We saw no evidence of gasping to initiate breathing following respiratory arrest, contributing to the hypothesis that hypothermic respiratory arrest does not lead to anoxia. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Genistein at Maximal Physiologic Serum Levels Induces G0/G1 Arrest in MCF-7 and HB4a Cells, But Not Apoptosis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)