Diseño de catalizadores bifuncionales para el proceso de hidrocraqueo de poliestireno en fase líquida aplicado a la valorización de residuos plásticos

356 p.

El tratamiento y la gestión de residuos de construcción y demolición de obras de nueva planta: Una visión normativa y sostenible de un problema socioeconómico y medioambiental.

[ES]Desde el punto de vista de la organización y presentación de la memoria escrita de este TFG, se presentara un contexto de la situación de la construcción, para que se pueda comprender el problema existente de residuos de la construcción y demolición. Después vendría alcance y objetivos y los beneficios que se intenta aportar con este tfg. En segundo lugar, el documento tiene un resumen de la legislación vigente en materia de residuos. Se ha realizado para ver cómo ha evolucionado la concienciación en los residuos y especialmente en los RCDs. Para saber cuál es la situación actual en esta materia y si se puede imitar a otros países. Después vendría un estudio de como es la gestión de los residuos de la construcción y demolición a grandes rasgos, que materiales son que pueden ser sometidos a procesos de valorización y cuáles son. Seguidamente, viene la parte más extensa del tfg la gestión de los áridos reciclados. Se le ha dado más valor, a los residuos de origen pétreo que mediante procesos de reciclaje se consigue el árido reciclado, porque, es el residuo que se encuentra en mas altas cantidades en una demolición. A Continuación, se dispondrá de un presupuesto que reflejara el dinero gastado en la realización del proyecto. Se mostrara de manera clara cuales han sido los distintos gastos. Seguidamente se encuentra la planificación del proyecto, que incluye todas las tareas que han sido realizadas para la consecución de este trabajo.

Gestión de los residuos sólidos en Bizkaia. ¿Se cumple la hipótesis de Kuznets?

En el presente trabajo de fin de grado, se va analizar e interpretar la generación de los residuos sólidos para el periodo 2004-2011, siendo la finalidad de este trabajo, evidenciar si se cumple la hipótesis de la curva de Kuznets para los residuos sólidos en Bizkaia para el año 2005 y conocer en qué fase de la U invertida se encuentra Bizkaia. Los datos utilizados son provenientes de Udalmap. Udalmap es un sistema integrado que contiene información socio-económicos. El resultado obtenido fue, que no existe evidencia que se cumpla la hipótesis curva de Kuznets Ambiental (CKA), después de analizar la variable dependiente, junto con las variables explicativas PIB per cápita, número de establecimientos de minoristas, número de contenedores de residuos domésticos, vidrio, papel y ropa.

Proceso de pirólisis y reformado en línea para la producción de H2 a partir de residuos plásticos

266 p.

Smoked marine fish from Western Region, Ghana: a value chain assessment

The value chain analysis of ths report focused on smoked marine fish- overwhelmingly the most important fish product originating in Western Region, Ghana. Smoked fish from Western Region is mainly destined for the domestic market where demand is very strong. Small quantities of smoked fish are destined for markets in Togo, Benin and Nigeria. The underlying objective of the fisheries value chain analysis is to identify opportunities for growth in the fisheries value chain, with an emphasis on those opportunities that have the potential to generate significant additional livelihoods, particularly at the level of the fishing communities and for low-income groups. The results from the value chain analysis will be used to identify pilot interventions to promote those livelihood outcomes. The main focus for the study is smoked fish (major species/product forms) destined for domestic markets. However, work will also be undertaken on the fresh fish trade and frozen fish to find out more about the significance of these value chains.

Fisheries potential of village dams in northern Ghana

Results of a twelve-month assessment of the fisheries and aquaculture potential of small waterbodies (SWBs) in the West Gonja District of Northern Ghana are presented. The primary objectives of the project were to established whether the fisheries within the reservoir basins in the West Gonja and Nanumba Districts (Northern Region) could be enhanced and aquaculture associated with the SWBs could be viable.

Estudios de caracterización de residuos plásticos

El objetivo del trabajo es caracterizar distintos tipos de plásticos (poliestireno, polibutadieno, silicona, ABS virgen y reciclado, PVC virgen y reciclado, bisfenol A y residuos móviles) mediante diferentes técnicas (cromatografía de permeación en gel, termogravimetría, espectroscopia infrarroja y calorimetría diferencia de barrido), de las cuales se obtendrá diferente información sobre la composición de las muestras. Entre estos plásticos, se diferencian los plásticos vírgenes y reciclados. Los plásticos vírgenes utilizados provienen de distintas empresas químicas. Por otro lado los materiales reciclados, suministrados por la empresa Gaiker, han sido sometidos a una separación selectiva de residuos plásticos. Estas muestras de plásticos han sido sometidas a diferentes técnicas de caracterización. Tras realizar estas pruebas, el objetivo era comparar entre los plásticos vírgenes y reciclados, para observar las similitudes y diferencias que hay entre unos y otros. Con esta caracterización, es posible observar cómo cambian las matrices o composiciones de los materiales una vez han sido reciclados, ya que siendo el mismo material, sufren cambios que hacen que no sea igual al 100%.

Length-weight relationships of fishes from tributaries of the Volta River, Ghana Part 1: Analysis of pooled data sets

The parameters a and b of length-weight relationships of the form W = a L super(b) were estimated for 45 fish species sampled in the Oti, Pru and Black Volta rivers, Ghana. Also, the slope and intercepts of regressional enabling standard to total length conversions were estimated for each of these same species. The estimates of b, which ranged from 2.35 to 3.27 have a mean of 2.98, with a s.e. of 0.036. These results are complemented with a brief discussion of the need for data summaries such as presented in this article.

Comparison of some traits of economic importance in tilapias (Orechromis niloticus and Sarotherodon galilaeus) with particular reference to their culture in Ghana

This study was conducted to determine which of the two major tilapia species in freshwater capture fisheries in Ghana, Oreochromis niloticus or Sarotherodon galilaeus, is more suitable for breed improvement and pond culture. It compares traits of economic importance, including seed output, specific growth rate, survival and sex ratios following androgen sex reversal. The results of the study showed that the aquaculture potential of S. galilaeus compares favorably with that of O. niloticus. However, S. galilaeus may be preferred because the males and females have an equal growth rate, which allows for manual sorting to raise both sexes in monosex culture, an inexpensive appropriate technology that an ordinary smallscale fish farmer can apply.

Length-weight relationships of fishes from tributaries of the Volta River, Ghana: Part II and Conclusion

Slopes and intercepts of length-weight relationships obtained from 37 populations from the rivers Oti, Pru and Black Volta in Ghana were compared using a one way analysis of covariance with fixed effects. Although no significant differences were obtained from this analysis, an ANOVA comparing the magnitudes of mean condition factors (Wx100/SL3) found 9 out of 37 populations significantly different at the 0.05 level. A two-way nested ANOVA using all populations combined, however, did not yield any significant differences between the three rivers. Thus, pooling the data to obtain the results presented in Part I (see Entsua-Mensah et al. Naga 1995) is justified here.

Ghana coastal fisheries governance dialogue: Presentations, discussions and outcomes from a stakeholder forum on issues for reforming governance of Ghana’s coastal fisheries

This meeting, the second national Fisheries Governance Dialogue, aimed to help stakeholders in the fisheries sector generate a shared understanding of critical lessons and pathways for fisheries co-management success in Ghana. This was a direct response to the call from both fisheries communities and the government of Ghana for a radical change from the way fisheries resources are currently being managed. The meeting was attended by 60 men and women from stakeholder organizations and communities, and commenced with presentations on co-management experiences from local, regional and international participants. This was followed by panel discussions to extract lessons that specifically related to successfully implementing co-management in Ghana’s fisheries. Finally, breakout groups addressed in greater detail some issues of importance to fisheries governance reform in Ghana. While fisheries co-management is not a new concept in Ghana, participants heard that previous attempts to initiate these systems proved unsustainable. A number of lessons were drawn from these past experiences.

Ex-ante impact evaluation: case studies from Malawi, Bangladesh and Ghana

This document presents ex-ante impact evaluations of research for development projects related to aquaculture in Bangladesh, Malawi and Ghana. The Ghana chapter also includes an ex-ante evaluation of a fisheries project. The case studies utilized preliminary versions of guidelines developed specifically for ex-ante evaluations of aquaculture and fisheries projects. The guidelines, found in A Practical Guide for Ex-Ante Impact Evaluations in Fisheries and Aquaculture, are designed to provide an approach for a qualitative examination of the potential for a project to deliver impacts. Using a conceptual framework based on the outcome focus of results-based management, the guidelines stress careful examination of the setting, internal consistency, a sound theory of change, and an examination of stakeholders’ interests and potential partnerships. The case study reports illustrate the variability with which the guidelines may be interpreted and applied. The different teams, operating with limited time and budget that constrained the collection of new data, were forced to utilize existing secondary data and information and consult with key stakeholders to complete their analyses. The varying levels of reporting reflect the differences among the cases in the amounts of existing information and variety of stakeholders potentially involved in the projects being examined.

Ghana coastal fisheries governance dialogue: developing options for a legal framework for fisheries co-management in Ghana

The Third National Fisheries Governance Dialogue was a direct follow up on the Second National Fisheries Governance Dialogue held in Elmina in April 2012. It was agreed at the Second dialogue that co-management was the way forward for sustaining Ghana’s fisheries and that its success would depend on a supportive legal framework. The two day dialogue meeting consisted of four key presentations focusing on: the current status of fisheries in Ghana; co-management as a fresh approach to fisheries; outcomes from the regional stakeholder consultations on co-management structure; and outcomes from the research on the legal framework. The presentations were followed by four breakout groups that generated ideas for co-management structures for different species namely pelagic fish or Sardinella, near shore demersal, Volta lake, and lagoons and estuaries. Key elements for co-management structures and elements of a co-management legal framework were later identified during plenary discussions.

Livelihoods and poverty reduction in coastal communities in the Western Region of Ghana: analysis of livelihoods baseline data of the ICFG Program

This report is the result of the livelihoods baseline survey as part of the USAID-funded Integrated Coastal and Fisheries Governance (ICFG) Program for the Western Region of Ghana (Hen Mpoano). The survey aims to provide a baseline for interventions to be implemented as part of the Hen Mpoano project by: 1) Establishing a baseline of the status of livelihoods of households in target communities (assess income levels and sources, seasonality issues, assets, vulnerability); 2) Establishing a simplified nutritional baseline of households in target communities and fish species consumed; 3) Identifying opportunities for livelihood diversification in the target opportunities.