Bandelettes de momies inscrites du Livre des Morts. Egyptien 90

Contient : Fragment a ; fragment b ; Fragment d ; Fragment c

Friday Facts, February 25, 2011, Vol. 90

Bureau of Nutrition and Health Promotion part of the Iowa Department of Public Health produces of weekly newsletter about the Iowa WIC Program for the State of Iowa citizen.

Follicular lymphoma at relapse after rituximab containing regimens: comparison of time to event intervals prior to and after (90) Y-ibritumomab-tiuxetan.

Radioimmunotherapies with Zevalin® (RIT-Z) showed encouraging results in patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma (FL), leading frequently to failure-free intervals longer than those achieved by the last previous therapy. We compared time-to-event variables obtained before and after RIT-Z in patients with relapsed FL, previously exposed to rituximab. All patients with relapsed non-transformed, non-refractory, non-rituximab-naïve FL who have been treated with RIT-Z in two different centres in Europe were included. Staging and response were assessed by contrast-enhanced CT in all patients; PET/CT was performed according to local availability. Event-free survival (EFS) and time to next treatment (TTNT) following the last previous therapy and after RIT-Z were compared. Pre-therapy characteristics were tested in univariate analyses for prediction of outcomes. A description of the patterns of relapse was also provided. Among 70 patients treated, only 16 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. They were treated with a median of 3 prior lines of chemo-immunotherapies, including a median of 2 rituximab-containing regimens; 6 patients had undergone myeloablative chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue (ASCT). Overall response rates were 10 (62%) CR/CRu, 3 (19%) PR and 3 (19%) PD; response rates were similar in patients with prior ASCT. After RIT-Z only few patients obtained EFS and TTNT longer than after the last previous therapy. All four patients receiving rituximab maintenance were without progression 12 months after RIT-Z. Relapses occurred in both previously and newly involved sites; a significant association was found between the number of pathologic sites involved prior to RIT-Z and subsequent TTNT. Despite the excellent response rate, the duration of response was shorter than the previous one confirming the known trend of relapses to occur earlier after subsequent treatments. Rituximab maintenance after RIT-Z showed encouraging results in terms of prolonging EFS, warranting further studies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Dating human skeletal remains using a radiometric method: Biogenic versus diagenetic (90)Sr and (210)Pb in vertebrae.

In forensic science, there is a strong interest in determining the post-mortem interval (PMI) of human skeletal remains up to 50 years after death. Currently, there are no reliable methods to resolve PMI, the determination of which relies almost exclusively on the experience of the investigating expert. Here we measured (90)Sr and (210)Pb ((210)Po) incorporated into bones through a biogenic process as indicators of the time elapsed since death. We hypothesised that the activity of radionuclides incorporated into trabecular bone will more accurately match the activity in the environment and the food chain at the time of death than the activity in cortical bone because of a higher remodelling rate. We found that determining (90)Sr can yield reliable PMI estimates as long as a calibration curve exists for (90)Sr covering the studied area and the last 50 years. We also found that adding the activity of (210)Po, a proxy for naturally occurring (210)Pb incorporated through ingestion, to the (90)Sr dating increases the reliability of the PMI value. Our results also show that trabecular bone is subject to both (90)Sr and (210)Po diagenesis. Accordingly, we used a solubility profile method to determine the biogenic radionuclide only, and we are proposing a new method of bone decontamination to be used prior to (90)Sr and (210)Pb dating.

Retention half times in the skeleton of plutonium and Sr-90 from above-ground nuclear tests: A retrospective study of the Swiss population

Plutonium and Sr-90 are considered to be among the most radiotoxic nuclides produced by the nuclear fission process. In spite of numerous studies on mammals and humans there is still no general agreement on the retention half time of both radionuclides in the skeleton in the general population. Here we determined plutonium and Sr-90 in human vertebrae in individuals deceased between 1960 and 2004 in Switzerland. Plutonium was measured by sensitive SF-ICP-MS techniques and Sr-90 by radiometric methods. We compared our results to the ones obtained for other environmental compartments to reveal the retention half time of NBT fallout Pu-239 and Sr-90 in trabecular bones of the Swiss population. Results show that plutonium has a retention half time of 40 +/- 14 years. In contrast Sr-90 has a shorter retention half time of 13.5 +/- 1.0 years. Moreover Sr-90 retention half time in vertebrae is shown to be linked to the retention half time in food and other environmental compartments. These findings demonstrate that the renewal of the vertebrae through calcium homeostatic control is faster for Sr-90 excretion than for plutonium excretion. The precise determination of the retention half time of plutonium in the skeleton will improve the biokinetic model of plutonium metabolism in humans. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Avaliação na educação básica nos 90 segundo os periódicos acadêmicos

O texto sintetiza e discute as principais constatações de estado da arte realizado sobre o tema no Brasil, tendo utilizado como fontes artigos publicados em dez dos principais periódicos da área na década de 90. Examina pressupostos e modelos de avaliação, estudos empíricos e documentais que envolvem a avaliação na escola e da própria escola, detém-se na avaliação de sistema e, ainda, de políticas e programas educacionais.

Después de los 90: agenda de cuestiones educativas

El artículo propone una agenda de "cuestiones educativas" orientada a la reconstitución del lazo entre educación y democracia después de las reformas implementadas en los años 90. Construye previamente un estado de situación caracterizado por la presencia de tres procesos: a. un proceso de des-institucionalización escolar que se expresa tanto en la dificultad de la escuela para sostener un marco normativo sancionado socialmente, como en la crisis de identidad por la que atraviesan las instituciones; b. un proceso de fragmentación del sistema educativo que se diferencia de la tradicional segmentación de los sistemas; c. el agotamiento del instrumental teórico-conceptual con el que tradicionalmente nos hemos propuesto organizar y dar sentido a los fenómenos de la realidad. En este marco el artículo propone: 1. discutir los limites de la modernidad educativa en países periféricos como el nuestro y, en este marco, los de la pedagogía moderna para superar las problemáticas de discriminación y exclusión educativa; 2. rediscutir el concepto de ciudadanía y el papel de la escuela en la formación ciudadana; 3. repensar y discutir el papel del conocimiento y la investigación en la modificación de las practicas políticas y pedagógicas.

Financiamiento y gestión de la educación pública chilena de los años 90

Considerando el escenario educativo chileno de los años 90, se analiza la política de financiamiento de la educación pública del sector de educación básica y media y su relación con los principales procesos de gestión implementados en ese período. Se sostiene que el enfoque neoliberal, que se implantó sin tregua desde el año 1981, se mantiene en su inspiración, sus principios operativos y en la aplicación de los instrumentos empleados para ello. Paralelamente, el neoliberalismo validó la idea de que los resultados educacionales no están directamente asociados con el capital social, económico y cultural de las familias, sino básicamente con los procesos de gestión de los establecimientos escolares, poniendo especial atención al tipo de propiedad de la institución escolar. Esta situación se conjuga, además, con la existencia en la macro gestión del sistema educacional chileno de un modelo matricial en que el Ministerio de Educación no ejecuta las políticas, sino son los municipios y los agentes privados quienes lo hacen, entes que no están obligados a rendir cuentas de su gestión al Ministerio en muchas áreas clave, lo que complejiza la gestión y por lo mismo, los resultados del sistema educativo público chileno.