Dielectric Properties of Pulsed Excimer Laser Ablated BaBi2Nb2O9 Thin Films

The dielectric response of BaBi2Nb2O9 (BBN) thin films has been studied as a function of frequency over a wide range of temperatures. Both dielectric constant and loss tangent of BBN thin films showed a ‘power law’ dependence with frequency, which was analyzed using the Jonscher's universal dielectric response model. Theoretical fits were utilized to compare the experimental results and also to estimate the value of temperature dependence parameters such as n(T) and a(T) used in the Jonscher's model. The room temperature dielectric constant (ε') of the BBN thin films was 214 with a loss tangent (tanδ) of 0.04 at a frequency of 100 kHz. The films exhibited the second order dielectric phase transition from ferroelectric to paraelectric state at a temperature of 220 °C. The nature of phase transition was confirmed from the temperature dependence of dielectric constant and sponteneous polarization,respectively. The calculated Currie constant for BBN thin films was 4 × 105°C.

水下欠膨胀高速气体射流的实验研究

采用实验途径研究了水下高速气体射流的动力学特性，研制了水下高速气体射流实验系统并发展了相应的测试手段。测量结果表明：水下高速气体射流在欠膨胀工况下运行时，近场将出现含有复杂波系结构的膨胀压缩区域，由于气水的掺混作用，水下欠膨胀气体射流均压化过程比空气中衰减得快。测量结果还表明，水下射流在近场区的混合层由气水两相占据，其流态从靠近气体侧的液滴流型过渡到靠近液体侧的气泡流型。

Contribución de las Micro, Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (MIPYMES) urbanas a la economía de Nicaragua, 2014

Las MIPYMES son organizaciones que forman parte fundamental de las actividades productivas, sociales y económicas tanto en los países desarrollados como en vías de desarrollo, ya que constituyen una parte sustancial económica por su capacidad para emprender proyectos innovadores y la flexibilidad para adaptarse a los cambios del mercado. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la contribución social y económica que tienen las MIPYMES urbanas, para brindar información a los lectores interesados en el tema a fin de contribuir en la toma de decisiones. La metodología utilizada para la recolección de datos fue a través de las bases de datos del BCN, CEPAL e INIDE, lo que facilitó el análisis de los resultados. Mediante los datos analizados se encontró que las MIPYMES contribuyen en un 40% al PIB, aportan a las exportaciones del país 938,557.9 mil dólares y son la mayor fuente generadora de empleos en el país, con el 72.88% del total de empleos a nivel nacional y con una mayor participación femenina del 54%, concentrándose la mayor cantidad de empleos en los departamentos de Managua con 163,918 personas empleadas, Chinandega con 30,494, León 27,748 y Masaya con 22,725, debido a que estos poseen la mayor cantidad de MIPYMES del país.

The effect of thermal-activation on dislocation processes at an atomistic crack-tip

The effects of thermal activation on the dislocation emission from an atomistic crack tip are discussed, Molecular dynamics simulations at different constant temperatures are carried out to investigate the thermal effects. The simulated results show that the processes of the partial dislocation generation and emission are temperature dependent. As the temperature increases, the incipient duration of the partial dislocation nucleation becomes longer, the critical stress intensity factor for partial dislocation emission is reduced and, at the same loading level, more dislocations are emitted. The dislocation velocity moving away from the crack tip and the separations of partial dislocations are apparently not temperature dependent. The simulated results also show that, as the temperature increases, the stress distribution along the crack increases slightly. Therefore stress softening at the crack tip induced by thermal activation does not exist in the present simulation. A simple model is proposed to evaluate the relation of the critical stress intensity factor versus temperature. The obtained relation is in good agreement with our molecular dynamics results.

开放V型系统产生无反转激光的两类时间演化

从旋波、慢变振幅及平均场近似下的密度矩阵运动方程出发，利用数值计算结果研究了开放的V型三能级系统在共振条件下通过Pitchfork分岔产生的连续波无反转激光(LWI)场和通过Hopf分岔产生的自脉动LWI场及相应的各能级粒子数布居的时间演化规律，讨论了系统各参量变化对此时间演化规律的影响。

Single-molecule detection in a liquid by surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering

Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) adsorbed on colloidal silver clusters in a liquid has been studied. The first observation of single molecule resonance Raman scattering in a liquid in a probed volume of 10 pL was achieved. Anisotropy of SERRS spectra of single R6G molecule and huge SERRS spectra were observed and compared with that of single molecule fixed in the dried films of sols, which revealed the intricate complex interaction between R6G molecules and the environment in a liquid.

Superresolution, extended focal depth or focal shift with electrically controllable radial birefringent filter

In this paper an electrically controllable radial birefringent pupil filter is proposed. It consists of two polarizers and an improved electrically controllable optical azimuth rotator which has two lambda/4 retarders, one electro-optical crystal and one radial birefringent crystal. The evolution and distribution of polarization states of this pupil filter are discussed. The most interesting and useful advantage of such a structure is that the characteristic of transverse superresolution and axial extended focal depth or focal shift can be obtained merely by controlling the applied voltage on the electro-optical crystal. The radial birefringent crystal azimuth angle cooperating with different electrical inductive phase differences will determine the transverse and axial intensity distribution. It is shown that for particular ranges of electrical inductive phase difference it is possible to obtain transverse superresolution along with extended focal depth or with a focal shift.

平面交叉型微透镜阵列的制作及成像特性研究

介绍了采用光刻离子交换工艺制作平面交叉型微透镜阵列的方法。利用积分形式的光线方程式讨论了平面交叉型微透镜的近轴光学特性，研究了微透镜的光线轨迹方程式和一些重要的近轴成像特性，利用ABCD定理得到了平面交叉型微透镜像距、焦距、像高、横向放大率和主平面位置的数学表达式，焦距的理论计算结果和实验数据吻合得很好。

Study of hybrid TiO2/ormosil films doped with laser dyes

TiO2/ormosil films doped with laser dyes have been prepared by the sol-gel method. Spectroscopic properties of the entrapped dyes are studied by the absorption and emission techniques. The results indicate that the absorption and fluorescence spectra of kiton red depend strongly on the properties of the ormosil matrices. The heat-treatment of the kiton red-doped film obviously leads to the increasing fluorescence intensity and the largest fluorescence intensity is obtained after heat-treatment of 150 degrees C for 2 h. However, the fluorescence intensity of the rhodamine 6G-doped film decreases with the increase of the heat-treatment temperature. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

《汉语主题词表》(植物分类.生物学部分)

1975年，中国情报所、北京图书馆、国防科工委情报所、电子科技情报所、六二八所、机械科技情报所等单位组建全国1048个单位、7519人参加的《汉语主题词表》研究编辑工作，是全国汉学信息处理系统工程（简称748工程）的组成部分，目的是建立全国统一的联机情报检索网络。该主题词表是中国第一部大型综合性检索工具书，全书包括主表、附表、词族索引、范畴表、英汉对照索引等、共分3卷10个分册。其收词范围之广、编辑技术之先进、结构体系之严谨，当时是国内外一流的。