Biliary and pancreatic dysgenesis in mice harboring a mutation in Pkhd1

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is a hereditary fibrocystic disease that involves the kidneys and the biliary tract. Mutations in the PKHD1 gene are responsible for typical forms of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. We have generated a mouse model with targeted mutation of Pkbd1 by disrupting exon 4, resulting in a mutant transcript with deletion of 66 codons and expression at similar to 30% of wild-type levels. Pkhd1(del4/d3l4) mice develop intrahepatic bile duct proliferation with progressive cyst formation and associated periportal fibrosis. In addition, these mice exhibit extrahepatic manifestations, including pancreatic cysts, splenomegaly, and common bile duct dilation. The kidneys are unaffected both histologically and functionally. Fibrocystin is expressed in the apical membranes and cilia of bile ducts and distal nephron segments but is absent from the proximal tubule. This pattern is unchanged in orthologous models of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease due to mutation in Pkd1 or Pkd2. Mutant fibrocystin in Pkhd1(del4/d3l4) mice also retains this expression pattern. The hypomorphic Pkhd1(del4/d3l4) mouse model provides evidence that reduced functional levels of fibrocystin are sufficient for cystogenesis and fibrosis in the liver and pancreas, but not the kidney, and supports the hypothesis of species-dependent differences in susceptibility of tissues to Pkbdl mutations.

Chondrosarcoma of Bone Lessons From 46 Operated Cases in a Single Institution

Background Bone chondrosarcomas are rare malignant tumors that have variable biologic behavior, and their treatment is controversial. For low-grade tumors, there is no consensus on whether intralesional en bloc resections are the best treatment. Questions/purposes We therefore compared patients with Grade 1 and Grade 2 primary central chondrosarcomas to (1) determine difference in survival and (2) local recurrence rates; and (3) determine any association of histological grade with some clinical and demographic characteristics. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 46 patients with grade 1 and 2 chondrosarcomas. There were 25 men and 21 women with a mean age of 43 years (range, 17-79 years). Minimum followup was 32 months (mean, 99 months; range, 32-312 months) for the patients who remained alive in the end of the study. Twenty-three of the tumors were intracompartmental (Enneking A); of these, 19 were Grade 1 and 4 were Grade 2. Twenty-three tumors were extracompartmental (Enneking B); of these, 4 were Grade 1 and 19 were Grade 2. Twenty-five patients underwent intralesional resection, 18 had wide resection, and three had amputations. Results The overall survival rate was 94% and the disease-free survival rate was 90%. Among the 23 Grade 1 tumors, we observed six local recurrences and none of these patients died; among the 23 Grade 2 tumors, 10 recurred and two patients died. Local recurrence negatively influenced survival. Conclusions For lesions with radiographic characteristics of intracompartmental Grade 1 chondrosarcoma, we believe intralesional resection followed by electrocauterization and cement is the best treatment. When the imaging suggests aggressive (Grade 2 or 3) chondrosarcoma, then wide resection is promptly indicated.

Texto para discuss??o 46: a hegemonia do SUS e a rela????o p??blico/privado na assist??ncia hospitalar

Este artigo procura discutir quest??es sobre o SUS e os limites dos dados dispon??veis para respond??-las, apresentando uma nova agrega????o dos dados de pacientes internados em Belo Horizonte

Comment on R. Woodroffe et al. Perspective in Ecology "To Fence or Not to Fence" (4 April 2014, Science, 344: 46-48)

Fences must be used with care in biodiversity conservation to avoid unintended consequences.

Unesp Informa, 2013, número 46

Boletim elaborado pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Mass spectrometry parameters optimization for the 46 multiclass pesticides determination in strawberries with gas chromatography ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry

Multiclass analysis method was optimized in order to analyze pesticides traces by gas chromatography with ion-trap and tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The influence of some analytical parameters on pesticide signal response was explored. Five ion trap mass spectrometry (IT-MS) operating parameters, including isolation time (IT), excitation voltage (EV), excitation time (ET),maximum excitation energy or “q” value (q), and isolationmass window (IMW) were numerically tested in order to maximize the instrument analytical signal response. For this, multiple linear regression was used in data analysis to evaluate the influence of the five parameters on the analytical response in the ion trap mass spectrometer and to predict its response. The assessment of the five parameters based on the regression equations substantially increased the sensitivity of IT-MS/MS in the MS/MS mode. The results obtained show that for most of the pesticides, these parameters have a strong influence on both signal response and detection limit.Using the optimized method, a multiclass pesticide analysis was performed for 46 pesticides in a strawberry matrix. Levels higher than the limit established for strawberries by the European Union were found in some samples.

Unesp Ciência, 2013, ano 5, número 46

Revista elaborada pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Immunodiagnosis of chronic Chagas' disease using the Tc 46 and Tc 58 antigens

The polypeptides of 46 and 58kDa were recognized in different T. cruzi strains (Y, WSL and Colombiana) by serum of all chagasic patients studied. These polypeptides were isolated from T. cruzi Y strain and used in ELISA. The sensitivity and specificity were 97.6% [CI 95%: 86-100%] and 100% [CI 95%: 89.3-100%], respectively when Tc 46 was used. When Tc 58 was used the sensitivity and specificity were 100% [CI 95%: 89.6-100%] and 90.2% [CI 95%: 75.9-96.8%], respectively.

A proactive approach o XY international expansion

This work project was conducted under a Direct Research internship (DRI) that consists on an individual dissertation established on a given organization. DRI has a problem solving format to an empirical question to be addressed, «Which country has the highest potential for the next step of XY internationalization process? ». In order to achieve the project’s purpose, it was conducted a scanning process using a top-down approach over an initial list of nine countries given by XY. To do so it was developed an international scanning framework based on different domains and weights that allowed to achieve the top two countries with highest potential. After an in depth analysis over the final set, it was recommended Switzerland as the best country to make the next step of XY internationalization in Europe.

FISIOLOGÍA REPRODUCTIVA DE Chinchilla lanigera: CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL CICLO SEXUAL DE LA HEMBRA Y REGULACIÓN EXÓGENA DEL EJE HIPOTÁLAMO-HIPÓFISO-GONADAL.”

La chinchilla es un roedor autóctono de Sudamérica que ha sido domesticado y seleccionado genéticamente debido a la fineza y valor de su piel, la más cotizada en el mercado peletero mundial. La situación coyuntural tanto a nivel mundial como nacional ha dispuesto circunstancias muy favorables para la expansión de esta actividad especialmente en nuestro país, en función de un costo de producción bajo en pesos, con una demanda mundial creciente y con firmes precios en dólares o euros. En base a estas condiciones y a la alta calidad de las pieles producidas en nuestro país, Argentina se proyecta como uno de los mayores productores mundiales de pieles de chinchillas. Sin embargo, no se ha desarrollado aún una zootecnia acorde con las necesidades locales de producción. Lo que es más, la aplicación de técnicas que permitan maximizar y optimizar la productividad de los establecimientos de cría (como las técnicas de reproducción asistida) aún no ha sido concretada debido a la falta a nivel mundial de información en lo que respecta a las bases de la fisiología de la reproducción de esta especie. Un área de vacancia fundamental es la referente a la fisiología del eje hipotálamo-hipófiso-gonadal de la hembra. Con esto en mente, el objetivo general del presente proyecto es estudiar en Chinchilla lanigera doméstica los procesos fisiológicos que regulan el ciclo sexual natural de la hembra y evaluar la eficacia de diferentes sustancias activadoras del eje hipotálamo-hipófiso-gonadal para el control exógeno del mismo. La identificación de factores relevantes de la fisiología reproductiva en la chinchilla doméstica, es de vital importancia para establecer las bases para la aplicación de técnicas de reproducción asistida y herramientas de manejo que permitan incrementar la eficacia reproductiva y acelerar el mejoramiento genético del plantel animal. Paralelamente, el desarrollo de estas técnicas en la chinchilla doméstica como modelo experimental permitirá la transferencia de conocimientos para el desarrollo de programas de cría ex situ de la especie silvestre y la conservación del recurso natural, actualmente en peligro de extinción (CITES I). Así, el presente proyecto tendría un doble impacto y se generarán conocimientos no disponibles al presente para la comunidad científica ni para los criadores de chinchilla. Este estudio por lo tanto, está relacionado con áreas de investigación de gran interés en la actualidad como la conservación de la biodiversidad, la ecología reproductiva, la biotecnología y el mejoramiento de programas de cría de especies no tradicionales de interés económico. Constituye además un proyecto cuyos resultados podrán ser rápidamente transferibles.

Brassolidae / bearbeitet von H. Stichel. Mit 46 abbildungen.

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