Growth of preterm low birth weight infants until 24 months corrected age: effect of maternal hypertension

Objective: To evaluate the growth pattern of low birth weight preterm infants born to hypertensive mothers, the occurrence of growth disorders, and risk factors for inadequate growth at 24 months of corrected age (CA).Methods: Cohort study of preterm low birth weight infants followed until 24 months CA, in a university hospital between January 2009 and December 2010. Inclusion criteria: gestational age < 37 weeks and birth weight of 1,500-2,499g. Exclusion criteria: multiple pregnancies, major congenital anomalies, and loss to follow up in the 2nd year of life. The following were evaluated: weight, length, and BMI. Outcomes: growth failure and risk of overweight at 0, 12, and 24 months CA. Student's t-test, Repeated measures ANOVA (RM-ANOVA), and multiple logistic regression were used.Results: A total of 80 preterm low birth weight infants born to hypertensive mothers and 101 born to normotensive mothers were studied. There was a higher risk of overweight in children of hypertensive mothers at 24 months; however, maternal hypertension was not a risk factor for inadequate growth. Logistic regression showed that being born small for gestational age and inadequate growth in the first 12 months of life were associated with poorer growth at 24 months.Conclusion: Preterm low birth weight born infants to hypertensive mothers have an increased risk of overweight at 24 months CA. Being born small for gestational age and inadequate growth in the 1st year of life are risk factors for growth disorders at 24 months CA. (C) 2014 Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

Compreendendo a sexualidade infantil nas relações de gênero: o lúdico como estratégia educativa

Pós-graduação em Educação Sexual - FCLAR

A interdisciplinaridade no ensino da matemática pela perspectiva da pedagogia histórico-crítica: superando a pedagogia de projetos

Pós-graduação em Docência para a Educação Básica - FC

Língua portuguesa no ensino médio: repertórios de ensino no âmbito do programa São Paulo faz Escola

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A ideia de número no ciclo de alfabetização matemática: o olhar do professor

Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

Rotação e técnicas de manejo de biomassa em sistema plantio direto no cultivo de soja e milho

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Segmentações não-convencionais de palavras em escolas públicas e privadas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Repensando as situações de aprendizagem em física: proposta de duas sequências didáticas com abordagem CTSA para formação ética do cidadão / Gabriel Scoparo do Espirito Santo. -

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Wheezing in infants: frequency, clinical characteristics and treatment

Objective: To estimate the frequency and describe the clinical characteristics and respective treatments of previous history of wheezing. Methods: Infants aged 6-23 months with upper respiratory tract complaints and reporting previous wheezing were followed-up retrospectively. Data were registered on a validated standardized form. Results: Out of 451 infants, 164 (36.4%; 95%CI: 31.9-41.0) had a report of prior history of wheezing, 148 (32.8%; 95%CI: 28.5-37.4) during the first year of life. The mean age at the first episode of wheezing was 5.3 +/- 3.9 months. Among those who had had their first episode before 12 months of age, 38.5% reported 3 to 6 episodes and 14.2% > 6 episodes. Mean age at first episode was lower for those with a >= 3 episodes in comparison with those with <= 2 episodes (3.2 +/- 2.7 vs. 5.7 +/- 2.5 months, p < 0.001). Conclusion: One third of the infants reported wheezing during the first year of life. The earlier the first episode occurs, the more frequently wheezing recurs.

Is early manual preference in infants defined by intermanual performance asymmetry in reaching?

In the present study we evaluated the relationship between manual preference and intermanual performance asymmetry in reaching of 5-month-old infants. Manual preference was assessed through frequency of reaches toward toys presented at midline, left or right in egocentric coordinates. Intermanual performance asymmetry was evaluated through kinematic analysis. Results showed that performance was predominantly symmetric between hands. Lateral toy positions induced predominance of ipsilateral reaching, while the midline position led to equivalent distribution between right and left handed reaches. No significant correlation between manual preference and intermanual performance asymmetry was observed. These results converge against the notion that manual preference derives from a genetically determined advantage of movement control favoring the right hand. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

MEDICAL CARE UTILIZATION IN TIME AMONG ELDERLY MEDICARE ENROLLEES IN AN HMO

Investigation into the medical care utilization of elderly Medicare enrollees in an HMO (Kaiser - Portland, Oregon): The specific research topics are: (1) The utilization of medical care by selected determinants such as: place of service, type of service, type of appointment, physician status, physician specialty and number of associated morbidities. (2) The attended prevalence of 3 chronic diseases: hypertension, diabetes and arthritis in addition to pneumonias as an example of acute diseases. The selection of these examples was based on their importance in morbidity/or mortality results among the elderly. The share of these diseases in outpatient and inpatient contacts was examined as an example of the relation between morbidity and medical care utilization. (3) The tendency of individual utilization patterns to persist in subsequent time periods. The concept of contagion or proneness was studied in a period of 2 years. Fitting the negative binomial and the Poisson distributions was applied to the utilization in the 2nd year conditional on that in the 1st year as regards outpatient and inpatient contacts.^ The present research is based on a longitudinal study of 20% random sample of elderly Medicare enrollees. The sample size is 1683 individuals during the period from August 1980-December 1982.^ The results of the research were: (1) The distribution of contacts by selected determinants did not reveal a consistent pattern between sexes and age groups. (2) The attended prevalence of hypertension and arthritis showed excess prevalence among females. For diabetes and pneumonias no female excess was noticed. Consistent increased prevalence with increasing age was not detected.^ There were important findings pertaining to the relatively big share of the combined 3 chronic diseases in utilization. They accounted for 20% of male outpatient contacts vs. 25% of female outpatients. For inpatient contacts, they consumed 20% in case of males vs. 24% in case of females. (3) Finding that the negative binomial distribution fit the utilization experience supported the research hypothesis concerning the concept of contagion in utilization. This important finding can be helpful in estimating liability functions needed for forecasting future utilization according to previous experience. Such information has its relevance to organization, administration and planning for medical care in general. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.) ^

Predictive validity of the personal background and preparation survey and effectiveness of targeted interventions among health science community college students

Existing data, collected from 1st-year students enrolled in a major Health Science Community College in the south central United States, for Fall 2010, Spring 2011, Fall 2011 and Spring 2012 semesters as part of the "Online Navigational Assessment Vehicle, Intervention Guidance, and Targeting of Risks (NAVIGATOR) for Undergraduate Minority Student Success" with CPHS approval number HSC-GEN-07-0158, was used for this thesis. The Personal Background and Preparation Survey (PBPS) and a two-question risk self-assessment subscale were administered to students during their 1st-year orientation. The PBPS total risk score, risk self-assessment total and overall scores, and Under Representative Minority Student (URMS) status were recorded. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and report the predictive validity of the indicators identified above for Adverse Academic Status Events (AASE) and Nonadvancement Adverse Academic Status Events (NAASE) as well as the effectiveness of interventions targeted using the PBPS among a diverse population of health science community college students. The predictive validity of the PBPS for AASE has previously been demonstrated among health science professions and graduate students (Johnson, Johnson, Kim, & McKee, 2009a; Johnson, Johnson, McKee, & Kim, 2009b). Data will be analyzed using binary logistic regression and correlation using SPSS 19 statistical package. Independent variables will include baseline- versus intervention-year treatments, PBPS, risk self-assessment, and URMS status. The dependent variables will be binary AASE and NAASE status. ^ The PBPS was the first reliable diagnostic and prescriptive instrument to establish documented predictive validity for student Adverse Academic Status Events (AASE) among students attending health science professional schools. These results extend the documented validity for the PBPS in predicting AASE to a health science community college student population. Results further demonstrated that interventions introduced using the PBPS were followed by approximately one-third reduction in the odds of Nonadvancement Adverse Academic Status Events (NAASE), controlling for URMS status and risk self-assessment scores. These results indicate interventions introduced using the PBPS may have potential to reduce AASE or attrition among URMS and nonURMS attending health science community colleges on a broader scale; positively impacting costs, shortages, and diversity of health science professionals.^

Programas preventivos basados en fluoruros en preescolares de riesgo social con altos índices de caries

En Mendoza se realizó un estudio clínico de intervención, prospectivo de dos años, dirigido a preescolares en riesgo social con alto índice de caries con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia y efectividad de un programa preventivo basado en fluoruros. El programa preventivo se basó en acciones de educación para la salud, enseñanza de técnicas de higiene bucal y aplicación tópica de flúor fosfato acidulado realizadas dos veces durante el ciclo escolar. La muestra intencionada sumó 96 niños de sala de 4 años (2009) que fueron evaluados en su cursado posterior en sala de 5 años (2010) y en 1er año de EGB durante 2011. Niños asistentes a sala de 5 años y primer año EGB al momento del examen basal (2009) conformaron el grupo control. Se les aplicó el mismo programa por razones éticas. A 12 y 24 meses de aplicado el programa se evaluó: porcentaje de libres de caries, ceod+CPOD, cpos+CPOS y sus valores discriminados, medias de categorías ICDAS II, índice de Placa Bacteriana de Löe y Silness e índice de necesidad de tratamiento de caries de Bordoni. Se determinó la distribución de frecuencias e intervalos de confianza para cada variable; medidas de tendencia central y dispersión y se realizaron comparaciones entre grupos mediante la prueba T de Student y chi cuadrado con un nivel de p=0.05. Resultados: Comparando sala 5 años 2010 / sala de 5 años 2009: disminuyeron significativamente las medias de ceod +CPOD, ICDAS 6, Índice Placa Löe e índice de necesidad de tratamiento. Comparando 1er año 2011 / 1er año 2009: disminuyeron significativamente las medias de cs+CS, ceos+CPOS e ICDAS 4. El resto de los valores no mostró diferencias significativas. Conclusión: Un programa preventivo basado en fluoruros es efectivo y tiene efectos positivos sobre la prevalencia de caries en preescolares de Mendoza.

Registro de lectura : Dispositivo pedagógico que acompaña trayectorias formativas universitarias

El siguiente trabajo se enmarca en la línea de investigación sobre formación docente en Educación Física, desarrollada en el Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche de la Universidad Nacional del Comahue (CRUB-UNCo). Los proyectos que la integran, a partir del incremento sostenido del número de estudiantes que abandonan la carrera durante los dos primeros años, procuran interrogar las prácticas pedagógicas universitarias en ese campo, desentrañar sus modos particulares de producción y analizar su impacto en la constitución de los trayectos formativos de los y las estudiantes. En las indagaciones hallamos indicios de un trabajo docente sistemático para mejorar las condiciones de la enseñanza y del aprendizaje e identificamos dispositivos pedagógicos institucionales y áulicos a modo de andamiaje de las trayectorias estudiantiles y modos de recepción a los y las ingresantes. En esta oportunidad describimos y analizamos uno de estos dispositivos, denominado "registro de lectura", generado en la cátedra Pedagogía del 1º año del Profesorado en Educación Física del mencionado centro universitario. Dicho instrumento forma parte de una serie de prácticas pedagógicas deliberadamente planificadas en relación con el ingreso, la permanencia y el egreso del nivel superior, que pretende habilitar mejores escenarios para el desarrollo de los procesos educativos. El dispositivo, construido a modo de andamiaje de las prácticas lectoras de los y las estudiantes, pretende contribuir a la promoción de trayectorias formativas democráticas y procura dar lugar a nuevas explicaciones en tanto anclajes para la transformación y para la construcción de nuevos conocimientos así como lograr mejores intervenciones pedagógicas

Los indígenas en la enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales en España : Silenciamiento, burlas y romanticismo

En los manuales españoles de 1ro de Bachillerato, los pueblos indígenas quedan relegados a lugares marginales en la enseñanza de la Historia, no se presentan o se ocultan los procesos de usurpación territorial y agresión sufridos a manos principalmente de los occidentales. Tanto los libros como los alumnos aceptan además la arcaica doctrina de la terra nullius, despreocupándose por los derechos de propiedad de las sociedades más débiles. El alumnado no se interesa en general por los pueblos indígenas excepto como curiosidades, fuentes de ridículo o víctimas, aunque simultáneamente maneja una visión romantizada como pueblos felices y pacíficos a los que hay que conservar, defendiendo la ayuda humanitaria y el respeto a las otras culturas. Desconoce mayoritariamente la historia precolonial y especialmente aquella de las sociedades no industrializadas y conceptos básicos de antropología, estando más interesado por las grandes potencias y la historia nacional. El desinterés consiguió evitarse mediante material audiovisual emotivo, visualmente impactante y crítico con consumidores que la ignoraban. Los resultados incitan a un replanteamiento de la didáctica de las ciencias sociales que la libere de prejuicios etnocéntricos a través de paradigmas como el de la world history, y del recurso a actividades centradas en las necesidades e intereses del alumnado