Diagnostic-based modeling on a micro-scale atmospheric-pressure plasma jet

Diagnostic-based modeling (DBM) actively combines complementary advantages of numerical plasma simulations and relatively simple optical emission spectroscopy (OES). DBM is applied to determine spatial absolute atomic oxygen ground-state density profiles in a micro atmospheric-pressure plasma jet operated in He–O2. A 1D fluid model with semi-kinetic treatment of the electrons yields detailed information on the electron dynamics and the corresponding spatio-temporal electron energy distribution function. Benchmarking this time- and space-resolved simulation with phase-resolved OES (PROES) allows subsequent derivation of effective excitation rates as the basis for DBM. The population dynamics of the upper O(3p3P) oxygen state (? = 844 nm) is governed by direct electron impact excitation, dissociative excitation, radiation losses, and collisional induced quenching. Absolute values for atomic oxygen densities are obtained through tracer comparison with the upper Ar(2p1) state (? = 750.4 nm). The resulting spatial profile for the absolute atomic oxygen density shows an excellent quantitative agreement to a density profile obtained by two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy.

Probing the mid-gorge of cholinesterases with spacer-modified bivalent quinazolinimines leads to highly potent and selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors

The spacer structure of homobivalent quinazolinimes acting as potent acetyl-(AChE)- and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors was chemically modified introducing tertiary amine and acyl-amide moieties, and the activities at both ChEs were evaluated. Molecular docking was applied to explain the data and probe the capacity of the mid-gorge site of both ChEs. The novel spacer structures considerably alter the biological profile of bivalent quinazolinimines with regard to both inhibitory activity and selectivity. Mutual interaction of binding to the various sites of the enzymes was further investigated by applying also different spacer lengths and ring sizes of the alicycle of the tricyclic quinazolinimines. In order to achieve selectivity toward BChE and to improve inhibitory activities, the spacer structure was optimized and identified a highly potent and selective BChE inhibitor. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Lymphocytic gastritis-like T cell lymphoma: molecular evidence of an unusual recurrence

This report describes a patient with a gastric biopsy specimen showing histomorphological and immunohistochemical appearances indistinguishable from those usually present in lymphocytic gastritis, a rare condition of unknown aetiology with a distinctive phenotype. The patient had a history of a biopsy confirmed T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma at two anatomical sites ( bladder and stomach), which was subsequently treated. Molecular analysis of the T cell receptor (TCR) gamma chain gene rearrangements showed a distinct monoclonal T cell population in the bladder and gastric biopsies. The same analysis in the lymphocytic gastritis-like biopsy sample showed a monoclonal population with identical base pair size to that identified in the other specimens. This report highlights the importance of TCR gene rearrangement analysis in the diagnosis of unusual gastric inflammation, and the use of capillary electrophoresis based polymerase chain reaction in the follow up of lymphoproliferative disorders.

Factors influencing patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease to opt for conservative management: a practitioner research study

Aims and objectives. This study explored decision-making experiences of patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease when opting for conservative management of their renal failure.

Background. Dialysis is an invasive treatment, and for some older patients, there is an associated treatment burden of dialysis-related symptoms. An alternative choice is conservative management, but little is known about those who make this decision and how they are supported through the process.

Design. Qualitative practitioner research study.

Method. Data were generated from nine patients' naturally occurring clinic consultations with a renal clinical nurse specialist between May 2010 - July 2010. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and findings fed back at three multi-disciplinary meetings to check for relevance and resonance. Common themes were identified and codes applied.

Results. Patients reported age and having to travel three times a week to hospital for dialysis as reasons not to opt for treatment. Others felt well without dialysis not wanting to upset the 'status quo' or to burden loved ones. Most felt equipped to make the decision following explanation and discussion with the clinical nurse specialist in the renal clinic.

Conclusions. Patients opting for conservative management give numerous reasons for this including old age, travel limitations, feeling well without dialysis and not wanting to be a burden, but appear content with their decision. One-to-one discussions with the clinical nurse specialist appear helpful during the decision-making process presenting an opportunity for advancing nursing roles in the chronic kidney disease service.

Relevance to clinical practice. Understanding patients' reasons for refusing dialysis assists in supporting until death. There is an opportunity for developing nursing practice to meet the multi-faceted needs of this group.

The band structures of gallium and indium selenide

The band structures of the group III-VI monochalcogenides GaSe and InSe have been calculated using a semi-empirical tight-binding method in a two-dimensional approximation. Many of the discrepancies between experimental work and previous calculations for GaSe have been resolved. The results for InSe appear for the first time.

A downlink power control scheme for interference avoidance in femtocells

Femtocells being small low powered base stations provide sufficient increase in system capacity along with better indoor coverage. However, the dense deployment of femtocells face the main challenge of co channel interference with macrocell users. In this paper, this interference problem is addressed by proposing a novel downlink power control algorithm for femtocells. The proposed algorithm gradually reduces the downlink transmit power of femtocells when they are informed about a nearby macrocell user under interference. This information is given to the femtocells by the macrocell base station through a unidirectional downlink broadcast channel. Simulation results show that the algorithm causes the macrocell to accommodate large number of femtocells within its area, whereas at the same time protecting the macrocell users from any harmful interference.

One-Year Safety of Olodaterol Once Daily via Respimat® in Patients with GOLD 2-4 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results of a Pre-Specified Pooled Analysis

The novel long-acting β2-agonist olodaterol demonstrated an acceptable safety profile in short-term phase II clinical studies. This analysis of four randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, phase III studies (1222.11, NCT00782210; 1222.12, NCT00782509; 1222.13, NCT00793624; 1222.14, NCT00796653) evaluated the long-term safety of olodaterol once daily (QD) in a large cohort of patients with moderate to very severe (Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2-4) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The studies compared olodaterol (5 or 10 μg) QD via Respimat®, formoterol 12 μg twice daily (BID) via Aerolizer® (1222.13 and 1222.14), and placebo for 48 weeks. Patients continued receiving background maintenance therapy, with ∼60% receiving concomitant cardiovascular therapy and 25% having a history of concomitant cardiac disease. Pre-specified analyses of pooled data assessed the adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs in the whole population, and in subgroups with cardiac disease, along with in-depth electrocardiogram and Holter monitoring. In total, 3104 patients were included in the safety analysis: 876 received olodaterol 5 μg, 883 received olodaterol 10 μg, 885 received placebos, and 460 received formoterol 12 μg BID. Overall incidence of on-treatment AEs (71.2%), serious AEs (16.1%), and deaths (1.7%) were balanced across treatment groups. Respiratory and cardiovascular AEs, including major adverse cardiac events, were reported at similar frequencies in placebo and active treatment groups. The safety profiles of both olodaterol 5 μg (marketed and registered dose) and 10 μg QD delivered via Respimat® are comparable to placebo and formoterol BID in this population, with no safety signals identified.

On the Merit of Selecting Different Belief Merging Operators

Belief merging operators combine multiple belief bases (a profile) into a collective one. When the conjunction of belief bases is consistent, all the operators agree on the result. However, if the conjunction of belief bases is inconsistent, the results vary between operators. There is no formal manner to measure the results and decide on which operator to select. So, in this paper we propose to evaluate the result of merging operators by using three ordering relations (fairness, satisfaction and strength) over operators for a given profile. Moreover, a relation of conformity over operators is introduced in order to classify how well the operator conforms to the definition of a merging operator. By using the four proposed relations we provide a comparison of some classical merging operators and evaluate the results for some specific profiles.

I have faith in my thing, you know what I mean? Mixed method elements on individual investments on religious markets.

In contemporary society, religious signification and secular systems mix and influence each other. Holistic conceptions of a world in which man is integrated harmoniously with nature meet representations of a world run by an immanent God. On the market of the various systems, the individual goes from one system to another, following his immediate needs and expectations without necessarily leaving any marks in a meaningful long term system. This article presents the first results of an ongoing research in Switzerland on contemporary religion focusing on (new) paths of socialization of modern that individuals and the various (non-) belief systems that they simultaneously develop

L'Écho de Paris

1887/07/23 (Numéro 1222).

Recueil de documents concernant Chartres, Courbeville, St-Jean en Vallée, les monnaies sous Philippe le Bel de 1294 à 1307. Copies.

Contient : 1 « Ce est la chartre de la franchise de la cité de Chartres, donnée et otroiée de très excellent et puissant prince monseigneur Charles, filz de roy de France ». Acte de CHARLES, comte DE VALOIS, d'Alençon, de Chartres et d'Anjou, frère de Philippe le Bel, souscrit par sa femme MARGUERITE d'ANJOU, à Paris, en mars 1296-1297, et vidimé par le châtelain de Chartres, le mercredi 23 novembre, jour de St-Clément 1306 ; 2 « Ce est la franchise de la terre dou prieuré de Courbeville et de la joustice doudit prieuré que il ont à Courbeville et illeiq environ ». Acte de « GUILLEAUME DE VIEZPONT, escuier, seigneur de Courbeville », vidimé par PHILIPPE, roi de France, et par MICHEL DE BRAY, bailli de Chartres. La fin manque et par conséquent la date ; 3 « Acte par lequel JEAN DE CHATILLON, comte DE BLOIS et de Chartres, confirme et ratifie la composition accordée entre Mathilde, comtesse de Chartres et dame d'Amboise, et les religieux de St-Jean en Vallée de Chartres. Mars 1265-1266. Vidimé en 1294, le jeudi 9 septembre. En latin ; 4 « Ce est la composicion faite entre très haut et très noble prince monseigneur Charles, filz de roy de France, comte de Chartres, d'une part, et honorables hommes le doen et le chapitre de Chartres, d'autre part ». Chartres, le lundi après la fête St-Mathieu, 26 septembre 1306 ; 5 « Ce est le tencrist de la chartre des franchises aus bourgois de la rivière de Chartres ». Acte de JEAN DE CHATILLON, comte DE BLOIS et sire d'Avesnes. Avril 1268. Vidimé en 1278, « le vendredi après la St-Pierre aus Chevalier » (sic), par GUILLAUME DE St-MESMIN, châtelain de Chartres ; 6 « C'est le tencrist de la chartre des ordenances de la cendre et des dras as bourgois de la rivière de Chartres ». Acte de JEAN DE CHATILLON, comte DE BLOIS et sire d'Avesnes. 1268 en avril ; 7 « C'est le tencrist de la chartre de l'ordenance aus arçonneurs ». Acte de THIBAUT IV, comte DE BLOIS et de Clermont. Août 1214. En latin ; 8 « C'est l'ordenance aus marcheanz de Chartres alanz aus foires, et dou pois de la cendre ». Acte du même comte. Chartres, octobre 1214. En latin ; 9 « C'est l'ordenance des bourgois de la rivière et des dras ». Acte de JEAN, comte DE CHARTRES et seigneur d'Oisy. Mai 1222. En latin ; 10 « C'est le tencrist de la chartre de la mautoste ». Acte, en latin, du même comte. Chartres, janvier 1222-1223 ; 11 « C'est le tencrist de la chartre de la meison de Saint-Cristoffle ». Acte de JEAN « DE ALUYA, dominus Castellorum et Sancti Christofori ». Mai 1225. En latin ; 12 « Item. De la maison de Saint Christoffle ». Acte qui semble être un double du précédent. Mai 1205 (sic). En latin ; 13 « C'est l'ordenance et le tencrist de la chartre de la perrée aus marcheanz qui marchandent en la perrée de Chartres ». Acte de THIBAUT IV, comte DE BLOIS et de Clermont. Janvier 1213-1214. En latin ; 14 « Item. De la maison St-Cristoffle ». Acte de JEAN « DE ALEIA, dominus Castellorum et Sancti Cristofori », accordant aux marchands de draps de Chartres huit toises et demie pour l'augmentation de leur maison en largeur, moyennant 40 sous de cens annuel. Août 1235. En latin ; 15 « C'est le jugement que JEHAN LE BURELIER » chatelain de Chartres, « donna contre Jehan de S. Paier, bourgois d'Orliens ». Il déclare confisqués au profit du comte de Chartres les « aignelins » que ledit bourgeois d'Orléans avait apportés à Chartres ou fait apporter pour les faire teindre. Août 1268 ; 16 « Ce est le jugement que Guillaume de St-Mesmin », châtelain de Chartres, « fist contre Guillaume dou Coing, qui tenait les « molins foulerez ». Il le condamne à rendre à « Jourdain Des Autiex » une pièce de draps perdue. Le samedi après les Brandons, 16 mars 1279-1280 ; 17-19 Ordonnances de PHILIPPE LE BEL sur la valeur des monnaies ; 17 Adressée au sénéchal de Saintonge. Mesy, 4 décembre 1306 ; 18 Adressée « à touz jousticiers » du royaume. Paris, le lundi après la Circoncision N. S. 3 janvier 1306-1307 ; 19 Adressée à tous. Paris, le jeudi après les Brandons, 16 fevrier 1306-7 ; 20 « C'est le pris que le marc d'argent a valu depuis que les tornois doubles et les parisis furent fez ». De la veille de Pâques, 2 avril 1294-1295 au jour de Pâques, 18 avril 1305

Mélanges historiques.

Contient : Chartes de Clairmarais ; Archives du comté d'Artois ; Généalogie de la maison de Lens ; Épitaphes de Belgique, envoyées par Chifflet ; Vie de saint Poppo de Stavelot ; Histoire manuscrite des abbés d'Hénin-Liétard, par le R. P. Baudouin de Glen ; Archives de la Chambre des comptes de Lille ; Accord entre l'abbaye de Saint-Vaast d'Arras et Razon de Gand ; Hommage de Simon « de Valle » à H., chatelain de Gand ; Chartes de l'abbaye de Choques ; Lettre de P. de Gomiecourt à A. Duchesne ; Obituaire de Saint-Barthélemi de Béthune ; Archives de Terremonde ; Généalogie de la maison de Béthune ; Maison de Limbourg ; Maison de Luxembourg ; « Ex historia Luzemburgica manuscripta praesidis Bewingii » ; Extraits de divers mémoires et recueils concernant la maison de Luxembourg ; Chevaliers de la Toison d'Or des maisons de Luxembourg, Vergy, Melun ; Généalogie fabuleuse de la maison de Luxembourg ; Lettres de P. de Gomiecourt à A. Duchesne ; Lettre de Pierre-François Chifflet à A. Duchesne ; Sur les fiefs des diverses provinces de France ; Lettre de Nyau, conseiller au siège présidial de la Flèche ; Sur les villes d'Anjou ; Extraits de mémoires sur Loudun ; Mémoires sur Thouars ; Notice sur Mirebeau en Poitou ; Lettre de [Pierre] Robert, lieutenant-général de Dorat, à A. Duchesne ; Mémoire dudit Pierre Robert sur le Poitou ; Mémoire du même sur la Marche ; Notes sur le comté de Beaumont-sur-Oise ; Notes sur le Boulenois ; Notes sur le Ponthieu ; Coutumes du bailliage de Melun ; Lettres de Constantin à Duchesne ; Lettre de Fr. de Saint-Amant à Duchesne ; Notes sur la chevalerie ; Notice sur la maison de Courtenay ; Discours sur la province de Champagne ; Confirmation des libertés des foires de Champagne ; Plaque commémorative des restaurations de la cathédrale de Troyes ; Notes sur l'abbaye de Saint-Loup de Troyes ; Notes sur l'Auxerrois ; Divisions ecclésiastiques du diocèse de Langres ; Notice sur le diocèse de Toul ; Mémoires de François Ranchin sur Montpellier ; Notice sur le marquisat de Fimarcon ; Note sur le pays de Comminges ; Histoire de la ville d'Arles ; Villes et châteaux du comté de Valentinois ; Notes sur Lyon et le Lyonnais