1000 resultados para custo da dieta
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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A fragmentação de habitats decorrente principalmente da expansão da agropecuária no Brasil, bem como o declínio observado em escala mundial dos polinizadores (abelhas em sua maioria), atestam a gravidade do problema ambiental que enfrentamos atualmente. Baixos níveis de polinização de plantas em geral podem ocasionar problemas econômicos na área da alimentação humana, visto que muitas espécies vegetais importantes para nosso consumo dependem das abelhas para sua reprodução e conseqüente formação de frutos. Assim, a execução de planos de manejo em áreas cultivadas, envolvendo medidas de proteção para polinizadores e que visem a manutenção de áreas verdes no entorno de plantações são importantes estratégias para amenizar o impacto que o homem exerce sobre a natureza. Nesse aspecto, esse estudo tratou de investigar a preferência alimentar de abelhas amostradas em flores de Solanum viarum Dunal e a biologia floral e sistema de reprodução nessa espécie. Os conhecimentos e informações obtidos a partir de trabalhos como esses compreendem uma parte essencial de planos de conservação para o grupo de polinizadores. S. viarum é uma solanácea ruderal, que ocorre em campos abertos e ambientes perturbados. Apresenta deiscência das anteras do tipo poricida, é auto-incompatível e possui grande atratividade para inúmeras espécies de abelhas vibradoras, como as dos gêneros Bombus, Exomalopsis e da Família Halictidae. De acordo com os presentes resultados, pode-se afirmar que S. viarum caracteriza-se como uma espécie potencialmente doadora de pólen para os polinizadores acima citados, e que seu plantio e manejo controlados ao redor de cultivos agrícolas, juntamente com outros tipos vegetais, pode aumentar a densidade de abelhas no entorno dessas áreas e a rentabilidade de tais cultivos
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O sapo-cururuzinho, Rhinella ornata, é característico de áreas abertas próximas de mata e é registrado no Setor de Piscicultura da Fazenda Lageado (22° 50' 23S, 48° 25' 42O), em Botucatu, SP, há mais de 40 anos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar o habitat ocupado pelos machos e girinos, a distribuição sazonal e a dieta da espécie neste local. O estudo foi realizado entre abril e outubro de 2012. Os machos ocuparam apenas quatro dos 15 corpos d’água disponíveis no local e reproduziram-se apenas em um. O microambiente ocupado para vocalização foi sobre vegetação flutuante, no interior do tanque e próximo às margens com inclinação suave. Apesar dos microambientes ocupados serem semelhantes a resultados anteriores de trabalhos realizados com a espécie no mesmo local, o número de corpos d’água ocupados foi menor, provavelmente devido ao intenso manejo realizado no local e ao isolamento de alguns tanques por um cercado, impedindo o acesso dos animais ao ambiente. Os girinos ocorreram em locais profundos e sem vegetação, provavelmente protegidos pelo aposematismo e pela presença de substâncias impalatáveis nesses animais. A atividade de R. ornata teve início em julho, após um pico de chuvas, e continuou até outubro. A temperatura foi o fator que mais influenciou a atividade da espécie, que não foi registrada nos dias mais frios. A dieta foi composta principalmente de presas terrestres e de tamanho reduzido, principalmente formigas e coleópteros. Os resultados indicam que as características de R. ornata permitem que a população se mantenha no local, apesar das modificações e do manejo constante dos corpos d’água neste local
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Obesity along with overweight has been considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world, especially because they are the main risk factors for many chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension and some types of tumors, which are associated with high mortality rates. The use of functional foods and appropriate diets to promote health has grown as a mechanism for prevention, control and treatment of chronic diseases such as obesity. Several ethnopharmacological studies indicate plants species for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity with a major attraction of this regimen is perceived as safer and more effective for health than the traditional treatment with appetite suppressants. Whereas both food intake and the oral treatment with different compounds can cause changes in gene expression and that a proper diet has been valuable as a mechanism for maintaining the body's vital functions, the objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of standardized extract of Brassica campestris L. in the decrease in weight and food intake control. In vivo trials of this product were conducted and studies of its effects on energy metabolism in non-obese mice and with obesity induced by hypercaloric diet. After induction of obesity by 8 weeks, animals were treated for 21 days with the extract orally. After 21 days the animals were killed and the effects of this product were evaluated on the daily feed intake and on body weight. According to the results obtained, the extract of Brassica campestris was not effective in reducing body weight of obese animals, and did not reduce food intake
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Não disponível
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Obesity along with overweight, has been considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world, especially because they are the main risk factors for many chronic diseases, such as coronary heart disease, type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension and some types of tumors, which are associated with high mortality rates. The use of functional foods and appropriate diets to call health promotion has grown as a mechanism for prevention, control and treatment of chronic diseases such as obesity. Several ethnopharmacological studies indicate plant species for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity with a major attraction of this regimen is perceived as safer and more effective health than the traditional treatment with appetite suppressants. This work aims to develop and standardize models of biological assays in stress and obesity, also aims to evaluate the effect of oil green beans of Coffea arabica in the regulation of body weight and energy balance in mice. To this end, trials were made in vivo studies of this product and their effects on energy metabolism in non-obese mice with obesity induced by hypercaloric diet. After induction of obesity by 8 weeks, animals were treated for 21 days with the extracts orally. After 21 days the animals were killed to evaluate the effects of these products on daily feed intake and on body weight. The group treated with the oil of Coffea arabica L. showed significant weight loss and feed intake high. According to the results, we conclude that the standardized extract of Coffea arabica L. decreased body weight without restriction or decrease the amount of food ingested
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Many variables are indirectly involved in the transformation of raw material into a metallurgical industry, such as machine hours, hours of hand labor directly and / or indirect, setup time, etc. This research focuses on the complexity of formulating the cost of metallurgical products, based on a case study, in which one has incurred a large loss on the sale of a product called Punch. The main objective of this work is to define the variables of the cost of members and other metallurgical products, so simplified general, checking what were the failures costing the case studied, in order to help others. The method of formulating cost was determined as recommended by SEBRAE guidance for small businesses. The results showed a loss R$ 13.201,00 in the batch of 15 units of punch. Possible improvements have been identified for reducing the production cost
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The obesity has been considered one of the most serious public health problem in the worldwide scale, especially for being one of the main risk factors for many chronic diseases that characterize the metabolic syndrome. In addition to these diseases, obesity also causes dermatoses that affect not only the individual emotions but also cause various cutaneous infections. Thus, overweighting can be an agent that causes many types of stress: psychological, physical and social. In order to improve people’s life quality, several ethnopharmacological studies indicate plant species for the treatment of disorders associated with obesity due to the attraction of this regimen is perceived as safer and more health effective when compared to the treatment performed by traditional anorectic substances. If considered both food intake and also oral treatment with different compounds can promote change in the gene expression, besides an appropriate diet has been maintenance mechanism of body's vital functions. The aim of this work was to develop new standard methods for induced obesity and stress, which stress is induced through physical and psychogenic stressors in Swiss male mice. Also to evaluate the effect of supercritical extract of Physalis angulata L. on the food intake and corporeal weight loss
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The experimentation in the teaching of physics has been extensively studied over the years because of its potential as a tool demonstration of physics phenomena studied in classroom. In such a perspective view of the action of apprentice student involving teaching future teachers of physics, under the Program PIBID CAPES, developed since 2009, seeks ways to improve the teaching of physics experiments using the theme chosen for the electrostatic work was . In this particular work, we report the development of the project in a State School located in the city of Rio Claro, in two rooms in the 9th grade in elementary school. It is planned with the activities of teaching physics at this level of education, look at how two different ways of displaying the contents of electrostatics in a playful way for elementary students and implement a library of experiments so that students can take the experiments to their homes
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Are being released in the construction market in Brazil ventures called Super 6. These businesses sell the promise of delivery of the apartment in six months after the launch of the venture. To meet this deadline are being deployed the constructive method of concrete walls using aluminum shapes. This system basically consists of pouring slabs and walls once, i.e. building up the wall shapes and slab joints. On the walls are used cloth, with reinforcements in vain and corners of walls and on these screens are tied the electrical boxes and conduits. For each tower is used the so-called system of half way, i.e. the system so it is sufficient to mount the Middle deck. Using a concrete which can be deformed in the next day you can lift one deck every two days with ready electric and hydraulicsystem, without having to tow the wall doing only minor fixes in the imperfections after concrete. With this system won an incredible speed in the construction of the structure reducing in almost one-third the length of the work. This work aims to compare in terms of cost-benefit of masonry structural systems and this new concrete wall system called Super 6. For this comparison will be used as parameter values used for the achievement of the Enterprise Portal of Roses of constructor Tenda which is one of the first to use concrete wall system. This project basically consists of seven towers of six floors each and will be budgeted the cost of this project if it were held in structural masonry. From these data it will be possible to make a comparison about the actual beneficial to adopt this system
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A large part of hydraulic hoses is produced on a mandrel. The mandrel has longer length and circular profile being produced by extrusion of polyamide polymer, which in this case is imported, then the process is depending on the import process, which entails high shipping costs and fees. This work studies the production of recycled mandrel, using the mandrel that is out of dimensional to produce hoses. After the production of recycled mandrel mechanical tensile and hardness were performed both in the natural and recycled mandrel to compare them. It was observed that recycled mandrel presents the tensile properties and hardness superior to natural mandrel. Thus, this work will directly impact the company`s business ultimately reducing costs, reducing waste and reducing environmental impacts
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This paper aims to present the design, development and construction of a reducer / multiplier speeds low cost, sturdy and easy operation. The beginning of the project was given to research on issues related to mechanisms and machine elements, and these theories of fundamental importance in the development of items of equipment which, together with the aid of AutoCAD software, enabled the construction of it. Parallel to the sizing of equipment, were also investigated and taken into account the costs of materials used in the project. Made to mount the reducer / multiplier speeds it was at the evidence through experiments involving the use of torque wrench, tachometer and weights, getting proven applicability in situations that are small or medium loads required
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Nas regiões tropicais muitas espécies de vertebrados são frugívoras e entre 50-90% das espécies de plantas arbóreas e herbáceas dependem destes animais para dispersar suas sementes. A alta diversidade de frugívoros nesses ecossistemas sugere que possa haver mecanismos entre as espécies para evitar competição inter-específica. Uma das estratégias que as espécies de frugívoros podem ter para reduzir ou evitar a competição por recursos é não sobrepor suas dietas ou diferir no horário de forrageamento. Esses mecanismos podem ser afetados pela introdução de espécies exóticas. Nesse trabalho comparamos, por meio de amostragem por armadilhas fotográficas, a sobreposição na dieta entre frugívoros e testarmos se os padrões de atividade de forrageamento dos frugívoros é um dos mecanismos para evitar sobreposição no nicho alimentar. Nossas principais hipóteses foram (1) Espécies de mamíferos frugívoros solitários e pequenos forrageiam em horários distintos de espécies de mamíferos gregárias e grandes, (2) Espécies solitárias forrageiam em horários distintos dos seus predadores, (3) Espécies filogeneticamente aparentadas diferem no período de forrageamento. Os dados foram coletados de 2002 a 2010 em duas áreas no Pantanal sendo que as câmeras foram dispostas embaixo de 35 espécies arbóreas com frutos carnosos. As análises foram realizadas com estatística circular para detectar os períodos de maior atividade de cada espécie de frugívoros em cada espécie de planta. Nossos resultados indicam que frugívoros solitários e pequenos não diferem em seu período de forrageamento com animais de grande porte, espécies solitárias forrageiam em horários distintos de seus predadores e espécies aparentadas diferem seus horários de atividades quando coexistem