Information and communication technology (ICT) for development of small and medium-sized exporters in East Asia: Japan

Includes bibliography

Information and communication technology (ICT) for development of small and medium-sized exporters in East Asia: China

Includes bibliography

Information and communication technology (ICT) for development of small and medium-sized exporters in East Asia: Singapore

Includes bibliography

Information and communication technology (ICT) for development of small and medium-sized exporters in East Asia: Republic of Korea

Includes bibliography

Information and communication technology (ICT) for development of small and medium-sized exporters in East Asia: Thailand

Includes bibliography

Information and communication technology (ICT) for development of small and medium-sized exporters in East Asia: Viet Nam

Includes bibliography

E-commerce and export promotion policies for small- and medium-sized enterprises: East Asian and Latin American experiences

Includes bibliography

The current situation of small and medium-sized industrial enterprises in Trinidad & Tobago, Barbados and St. Lucia

Includes bibliography

The Taiwanese experience with small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): possible lessons for Latin America and the Caribbean

Includes bibliography

Small- and medium-sized enterprises' restructuring in a context of transition: a shared process: inter-player effects on efficient boundary choice in the Argentine manufacturing sector

Includes bibliography

Promoting corporate social responsibility in small and medium enterprises in the Caribbean: survey results

Includes bibliography

Change and opportunity: corporate social responsibility as a source of competitiveness in small and medium enterprises in Latin America and the Caribbean

Includes bibliography

An aproach for implementing knowledge management in small and medium companies in Brazil: A case study

The search for competitive advantage in a global environment must consider the use of tacit and explicit knowledge circulating inside companies. Differential factors can be easily replicated nowadays. Due to the great volume of knowledge and information, it is necessary to create a system that allows the management of important knowledge. Existing models for Knowledge Management are based on the reality at large companies. In Brazil, most of the companies are smaller ones. This work presents a simplified model to implement Knowledge Management in Small and Medium Companies in Brazil, based on a unique case study with limited scope. Despite some human and financial restrictions, Knowledge Management can help smaller companies, preserving organizational memory and increasing process efficiency. Observing a unique case prevented any generalization of the model. But the recommendations can be references to other companies, because projects like this must address the specific issues of each organization. The objective of this study is to introduce a simplified model for planning Knowledge Management at small companies in Brazil, considering their restrictions and also seeking to create a competitive advantage. Human aspects are very important in Knowledge Management, but that is not the focus of this study. The model was conceived presuming the participation of all people involved.

Euro and the financial relations between Latin America and Europe: medium- and long-term implications

Includes bibliography

Effect of calcium hydroxide on pH changes of the external medium after intracoronal bleaching

Aim: This in vitro study evaluated the effect of calcium hydroxide on pH changes of the external medium after intracoronal bleaching. Materials and methods: A total of 50 extracted human premolars were prepared and filled with gutta-percha and endodontic sealer. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups according to the bleaching agents employed: (a) Sterile cotton pellet with distilled water (control group); (b) sodium perborate and distilled water; (c) sodium perborate and 10% carbamide peroxide; (d) sodium perborate and 35% hydrogen peroxide; (e) 35% hydrogen peroxide. The teeth were stored in vials containing distilled water and the pH values of the medium surrounding the teeth were analyzed. After 7-day storage, the bleaching agent was removed and replaced by calcium hydroxide, and the distilled water was changed, in which the teeth were kept stored for further 14 days. Measurement of pH of the external medium (distilled water) was performed 7 days after insertion of the bleaching agents, immediately, 7 and 14 days after insertion of the calcium hydroxide. Data were submitted to statistical analysis by the two-way ANOVA and Tukey,s test. Results: There were pH changes of the external medium at 7-day period after bleaching procedures. These results confirmed the diffusion of bleaching agents to the external medium. Conclusion: Calcium hydroxide increased the external medium pH and was effective for pH alkalinization after intracoronal bleaching. Clinical significance: Intracoronal bleaching of endodontically treated teeth may cause cervical root resorption. A possible explanation for this process is the passage of bleaching agents to the periodontal tissues yielding an inflammatory process. In an attempt to keep the neutrality of the periodontal pH, the calcium hydroxide has been recommended.Results of this study showed that this material should be always used after intracoronal bleaching.