Avalia����o da exposi����o ao propionato de testosterona em ratas f��meas in utero e lacta����o

It is known that exposure to substances in the environment can contribute to various reproductive disorders, especially if such exposure occurs during critical periods of development such as the intra-uterine and postnatal. The female reproductive system may be the target of androgens, both as a result of exposure to environmental chemicals, or by pathological conditions (polycystic ovary syndrome or congenital adrenal hyperplasia).Usually, little attention is given off in relation to the study of androgenic effects in the female reproductive axis. This study aims to evaluate the effects of exposure to androgens on the development, structure and reproductive function in rats whose mothers were exposed to testosterone propionate from gestational day 12 (DG12) after weaning - postnatal day 21 (DPN21) . For this purpose, pregnancy rats were divided into four groups: a control group that received corn oil (vehicle) and three groups receiving testosterone propionate in doses of 0.05 mg / kg / day, 0.1 mg / kg / day and 0.2 mg / kg / day, all under the same experimental conditions. The possible effects of exposure were assessed using reproductive parameters, such as a measure of anogenital distance, count areolas / nipples, age at vaginal opening and first estrus (puberty indicative installation), weight and histological evaluation of the reproductive organs ( uterus and ovaries), weight of the kidneys, liver and pituitary hormone levels, regularity of the estrous cycle, sexual behavior and fertility. Such analysis is important in understanding the effects of androgen exposure on the female genital system, especially on the reproductive potential, and processes that may involve morphofunctional changes. In these experimental conditions, it is concluded that treatment with PT caused reduction in body weight and initial masculinization in females without cubs, however, commit further sexual development

Programa����o linear no planejamento do tratamento de c��ncer por radiocirurgia

Medical Physics has been reaching an important role among several lines in Science, providing means for the improvement of several theories and procedures. Currently, its main application is related with the use of ionizing radiations, specially, in treatment procedures such as Radiotherapy. Radiosurgery is a Radiotherapy technique which consists in administering a single tumoricidal dose of radiation exclusively to the tumorous lesion. It becomes then an interesting alternative to surgical treatment, mainly in cerebral metastases, which are the most frequent cerebral tumors in the central nervous system. The radio neurosurgical team works out a planning for the Radiosurgery treatment, aiming for obtaining an appropriate ideal treatment for each case. For the working out of this treatment planning, Computed Tomography images of the region to be treated are obtained, digitalized and later, fused with nuclear magnetic resonance images. Through these images, critical structures, organs at risk and lesions are localized. After this, calculations are made to determine three-dimensional positions of isocenters, isodose curves, prescribed dose, collimators sizes, position, numbers and respective weight of isocentric conformal fields, and others. The treatment planning is commonly based in desired levels of dose for specific types of tumors and organs at risk concerning the irradiated region. Theses levels of dose are chosen in a way that a high probability of cure may be achieved and meanwhile, that the probability of complications, in whichever organ at risk, may be minimal. Thus, many researches have been carried out, showing that mathematical techniques may help to obtain an optimal planning for the treatment of cerebral metastases. Among the methods of optimization in the study...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Avalia����o dos aspectos dosim��tricos no tratamento de c��ncer de tire��ide com Iodo-131

The 131I (radioactive iodine) is one of the most used radionuclides in nuclear medicine for diagnosis and treatment. The present study evaluates the dosimetric aspects related to radioiodine therapy after thyroidectomy in patients with thyroid cancer. The samples were studied with 50 patients undergoing treatment, by assessing the exposures of workers (nursing assistants, staff hygiene, medical and physical), the general public (accompanying and family members) and on the environment. To evaluate the workers, was made a survey of the environmental conditions of the room radioiodine and routines adopted by them during the treatment period. Estimating the dose equivalent per month for each employee, we observed that the maximum levels obtained for nursing assistants, the team of hygiene, medical and physicians were considered low in relation to the extent permitted by law. In order to assess the public, some situations have been suggested for the calculation of equivalent doses in which it was possible to verify the fundamental importance of isolating the patient in the 2 days first. Regarding the environment, the radioactive waste generated by patient had volume of 1.0 m3 and activity estimated at 0.91 mCi, taking a decay time for eliminating them about 75 days to reach the allowable value of 2 ��Ci / kg system of collecting garbage. Therefore, all radioactive waste removed from the patient's room should be sent to the warehouse for temporary storage of radioactive waste, located away from normal work areas

C��ncer: guia de viv��ncia

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A tecnologia de microarray no estudo do c��ncer de cabe��a e pesco��o

(Microarray technology in study of head neck cancer). The microarray technology is a tool for global analysis of gene expression that allows investigating hundreds or thousands of genes in a sample using a hybridization reaction. This technology is based on hybridization between labeled targets derived from biological samples and an array of many DNA probes immobilized on a solid matrix, representing the genes of interest. The simultaneous study of hundreds of genes became the microarray technique a very important tool of global analysis, with applications in several areas, including the study of the development of cancer. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide, with a global annual incidence of 780,000 new cases. Large-scale studies involving microarrays have identified specific gene expression signatures associated with expression changes in HNSCC samples compared to normal tissue, as well as genes involved in clinical outcome and metastasis. However, the considerable heterogeneity among these studies occurs due to experimental design, number of samples, disease sites and stage, choice of microarray platform and results validation. Thus, there is much to be validated, before the technique has clinical utility. In relation to head and neck neoplasia, the large-scale gene analysis is very important, since the clinical and histopathological methods currently used appear to be insufficient to predict clinical progression and response to treatment. Thus, this approach could result in more effective diagnostic and prognostic and most appropriate therapy for this neoplasia.

Avalia����o do programa de medicina anti-estresse em mulheres com c��ncer de colo uterino submetidas �� radioterapia

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Cria����o de um banco de itens para avaliar o conhecimento do c��ncer de cabe��a e pesco��o

P��s-gradua����o em Odontologia Preventiva e Social - FOA

Avalia����o da circula����o na pesquisa do linfonodo sentinela p��s tratamento cir��rgico para o c��ncer de mama

P��s-gradua����o em Ginecologia, Obstetr��cia e Mastologia - FMB

Avalia����o da densidade mineral ��ssea em mulheres na p��s-menopausa tratadas de c��ncer e mama

P��s-gradua����o em Ginecologia, Obstetr��cia e Mastologia - FMB

An��lise comparativa da express��o de quimiocinas, citocinas e micropart��culas em pacientes com c��ncer de ov��rio e endometriomas

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Busca de novos alvos terap��uticos no tratamento de c��ncer de pulm��o utilizando ferramentas de biologia de sistemas

A quimioterapia e uma das formas de tratamentos para o c��ncer, cujo processo e pela aplica����o de medicamentos que alteram a s��ntese de DNA, interrompendo a divis��o celular. No caso do c��ncer de pulm��o, a dif��culdade est�� no fato de que as c��lulas cancer��genas criam quimiorresist��ncia ap��s um determinado per��odo de tempo. Se o indiv��duo desenvolver o c��ncer de pulm��o novamente, dever�� ser aplicado outro quimioter��pico no paciente, e assim por diante. Nos tratamentos atuais s��o utilizados combina����es de drogas para contornar o problema da quimiorresist��ncia. Este trabalho utilizou a biologia de sistemas para encontrar novos alvos prot��icos para auxiliar no desenvolvimento de novos quimioter��picos para o tratamento do c��ncer de pulm��o. Foi constru��da uma rede baseada nos alvos prot��icos j�� conhecidos. A rede foi expandida com o intuito de buscar quais s��o as prote��nas que interagem com os alvos prot��icos �� conhecidos. Ap��s a expans��o, foram utilizadas an��lises de centralidades para evidenciar as prote��nas mais importantes na rede, e correlacionamos com informa����o de express��o g��nica para verificar se as prote��nas mais importantes do ponto de vista topol��gico est��o diferencialmente sub ou super expressas. A an��lise de centralidade junto a mostra dos dados de express��o g��nica convergiu para um bom resultado, foi poss��vel evidenciar algumas prote��nas que podem ser utilizadas como novos alvos quimioter��picos

M��todos de pontos interiores e o planejamento de tratamento de c��ncer por radioterapia

O c��ncer �� uma doen��a que tem in��cio quando ocorre uma muta����o gen��tica no DNA da c��lula, onde o mecanismo de controle do crescimento normal do tecido celular �� alterado. O tratamento do c��ncer por radioterapia tem como objetivo a elimina����o das c��lulas cancer��genas ou al��vio dos sintomas. Este trabalho visa estudar conceitos envolvidos no planejamento do tratamento de c��ncer por radioterapia, o modelo de programa����o linear, os m��todos Primal-Dual-Afim-Escala e Primal-Dual-Cl��ssico e apresentar uma aplica����o dos m��todos para problemas gerais de otimiza����o

Efeito sin��rgico entre a terapia fotodin��mica e a cisplatina: uma nova abordagem para o c��ncer de colo uterino

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

M��todos de estimativa de peso e altura na avalia����o de desnutri����o de pacientes com c��ncer

To calculate the estimated and actual height and weight measures in cancer patients, evaluate the correlation and concordance of these measures and to identify the malnutrition patients. 62 cancer patients, treated at the Amaral Carvalho Hospital (Ja��- SP). For classifi cation of nutritional status, the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment, the Body Mass Index and the relationship with usual weight were used. For the estimated weight was used the algorithm Chumlea et al.7 and estimated height, the equation proposed by Chumlea et al.8 and Kwok & Whitelaw24. The Pearson Correlation Coeffi cient and the Intraclass Correlation Coeffi cient was calculated and simple linear regression was conducted. To compare the malnutrition detected by different methods, the Cochran���s Q test were performed. There was a strong and signifi cant correlation between the estimated and actual weight (r=0,95; CI95%=0,92-0,97; p<0,001) and excellent concordance (��=0,95). For height measurements, a signifi cant correlation was observed between the actual and estimated measurement the method Chumlea et al.8 (r=0,78; CI95%=0,66-0,86; p<0,001) and Kwok & Whitelaw24 (r=0,85; CI95%: 0,75-0,90; p<0,001). Concordance was ���Good��� (��=0,72) and ���Moderate��� (��=0,67) between the actual height and estimated by Chumlea et al.8 and Kwok & Whitelaw,24 respectively. There was a strong correlation between the actual and estimated weight and height measures. The reproducibility of the equation proposed by Chumlea et al.8 to calculate height was better. The nutritional status, the patients classifi ed as malnutrition was greater when using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment and the relationship with usual weight.