Assigning Refugees to Landlords in Sweden: Stable Maximum Matchings

This version: August 15, 2017 (original version: December 7, 2016)

Predicting the concentration of residual methanol in industrial formalin using machine learning

In this thesis, a machine learning approach was used to develop a predictive model for residual methanol concentration in industrial formalin produced at the Akzo Nobel factory in Kristinehamn, Sweden. The MATLABTM computational environment supplemented with the Statistics and Machine LearningTM toolbox from the MathWorks were used to test various machine learning algorithms on the formalin production data from Akzo Nobel. As a result, the Gaussian Process Regression algorithm was found to provide the best results and was used to create the predictive model. The model was compiled to a stand-alone application with a graphical user interface using the MATLAB CompilerTM.

Förväntningsgapet i Sverige : Påverkar storleken på revisionsbyrån?

I ett aktiebolag är det viktigt att företagets intressenter kan lita på den finansiella information som styrelsen och verkställande direktören ger ut. För intressenternas räkning utses en revisor för att granska verkställande direktörens och styrelsens arbete samt verifiera att den huvudsakliga delen av redovisningen stämmer. Forskning visar att revisorns fokus inte är i balans med intressenternas förväntningar. Vad som ingår i revisorns arbetsuppgifter finns det många uppfattningar om och revisorerna anklagas ofta för att inte upptäcka bedrägerier. Forskning visar också att kvaliteten på revisionen skiljer sig åt mellan stora och små revisionsbyråer, vilken påverkar vilka förväntningar klienten har på revisorn. Forskning visar att allmänheten anser att det finns en kvalitetsskillnad på revisionen mellan stora och små revisionsbyråer vilket kan leda till att klienternas förväntningar skiljer sig beroende på vilken revisionsbyrå de använder. Teoretisk referensram Kapitlet förklarar att förväntningsgapet kan delas upp i flera olika gap, och att dessa gap orsakar problem för revisorn om vilken roll denne ska ta. Kapitlet visar att utbildning och större ansvar är tänkbara åtgärder för revisorn.  Kapitlet beskriver också att det råder delade meningar bland forskarna om det existerar en kvalitetsskillnad på revisionen mellan stora och små revisionsbyråer. Vissa forskare anser att större revisionsbyråer har högre kvalitet, samtidigt som andra anser att det inte råder någon skillnad alls vilket kan påverka gapet mellan klienten och revisorn. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka om ett förväntningsgap existerar i Sverige och om gapet påverkas av storleken på revisionsbyrån samt att undersöka möjliga åtgärder till förväntningsgapet. Metod I uppsatsen har en kvantitativ metod använts. Enkäter skickades ut via mejl till verkställande direktörer och ekonomiansvariga då de har kontakt med företagets revisor. I studien tillfrågades totalt 750 företag där endast 70 ekonomiansvarige och verkställande direktörer fyllde i en fullständig enkät. Resultat Kapitlet sammanställer resultatet från studien. Resultatet visar att det existerar ett förväntningsgap hos uppsatsens respondenter och deras respektive revisorer. Studien visade inte någon signifikant skillnad på förväntningsgapet mellan stora och små revisionsbyråer. Studien visar att verkställande direktörerna och ekonomiansvariga som deltog i studien har otillräckliga kunskaper om revisorns arbetsuppgifter och att utbildning kan reducera förväntningsgapet. Analys Alla delar i förväntningsgapet som presenteras i teorikapitlet existerar bland respondenterna och deras revisorer. Storleken på revisionsbyrån påverkar inte om det uppstår ett förväntningsgap eller storleken på förväntningsgapet. Studien visar att respondenterna har bristande kunskaper i revisorns arbete. Ett sätt att minska förväntningsgapet är utbildning vilket både forskare och studien bekräftar. Slutsats Den slutsats som kan dras är att det existerar ett förväntningsgap bland uppsatsens respondenter och deras revisorer. Studien bekräftar också att det inte finns något samband mellan förväntningsgapet och storleken på revisionsbyrån. Förväntningsgapet uppstår när företagen inte har tillräckliga kunskaper om revisorns arbete och när revisorn inte uppfyller sina skyldigheter. Förväntningsgapet kan åtgärdas genom mer utbildning, bättre presterande revisorer och genom utveckling av revisionsstandarderna.

Regionen och EU? : Uppfattningar och attityder till EU-relaterade frågor i Västsverige

This thesis explores perceptions and preferences on regional action in EU-related frameworks among regional actors in Western Sweden. Building upon the literature on Europeanisation and the Fusion approach, three dimensions of Europeanisation are clarified and explored– download, upload and crossload – and together with a set of five variables that constitute the Micro Fusion Framework; a comprehensive analytical tool is developed. The thesis analyses the intense debate among the members of West Sweden that took place from 2011 to 2013 that focused on how to functionally organise the regional office in Brussels in order to meet future challenges. Surprisingly, the members eventually decided to terminate their cooperation and close the jointly owned office in Brussels in spite of the fact that it has been widely regarded as successful and effective. Diverging perceptions and preferences is understood in terms of three positions on regional action; a download-, upload- and a coherent oriented position. Finally, the thesis presents the empirical findings and discusses in relation to three fusion scenarios, infusion, defusion and clustered fusion. In terms of Micro Fusion Framework, the dynamics shaping why West Sweden was finally regarded as a dysfunctional arena for regional action are explained by a shift of attention and action among regional actors in Western Sweden that led to pressure for further institutional adaptation in order to meet the demand of how ‘to get the best out of the EU’. Further, this redefinition of how to handle EU-affairs within the upload-oriented position was accompanied by positive attitudes towards the potential to bypass the state and thereby pursue regional priorities directly in Brussels given the compound nature of the EU. In contrast, those regional actors that are found to be more download-oriented often question the benefits of uploading activities in practice and advocate close relations to the state. A coherent oriented position recognises the importance of activities related to both of the vertical dimensions of Europeanisation.

Reflexiones sobre los cuidados de larga duración en Suecia [Reflections on Long-term care in Sweden]

La provisión de cuidados de larga duración que se ofrecen en Suecia y en el conjunto de los países nórdicos provienen de un recorrido histórico basado en la construcción territorial a través de parroquias y en las redes de solidaridad creadas a partir de la relación entre familias y amigos, por un lado, y estos con el Estado, por otro.

L’importation de la littérature française : un triple détournement de capital. Réflexions à partir d’une étude de réception journalistique en Suède

The background material of the study consists of articles about French literature gathered between 2010 and 2014 in the Swedish press. The aim of the article is to isolate the most widely discussed French literature from France in the Swedish press during the period, in order to explore why the transfer of this literature persists over time, how it is perceived, and which type of mediators bring about this transmission. The study raises questions about the image of French literature in Swedish media, Sweden���s impact on the transnational circulation of literature, and the use of French literature to place Sweden on the literary map. The results of the reception study show that French literature is presented as both aesthetically disruptive with innovative features and as a normative and traditional model. It incarnates an image of tradition as well as of modernity. French literature from France is principally mediated by orthodox journalists with a consistent symbolic capital, and the posture of these journalists is analyzed through Sapiro’s model, inspired by Bourdieu. The orthodox journalists manage to redirect the symbolic capital inherent to consecrated French literature at three levels: national, personal, and transnational. Firstly, the importation of French literature increases Swedish literature’s symbolic capital. Secondly, this transfer allows for an auto-consecration of the orthodox journalists themselves. Thirdly, this use of highly valued imported literature engenders a supplementary consecration (surconsecration) of a national literature and its dominating language. In conclusion, these observed bilateral literary exchanges show the often overlooked importance of peripheral countries in transnational literary transmission. The results modify Casanova’s (2002) model, since they display the impact on the market from the margins. The transfer of central national literatures in dominating languages towards peripheral countries allows for dominated languages and minor national literatures to take an active part in the construction and reconstruction of the relations on the global literary map.

Sociala kartor över utbildningslandskapet : Installationsföreläsning, professuren i utbildningssociologi vid Uppsala universitet, 11 november 2015

Sociologisk Forsknings digitala arkiv

Carers in the welfare state : on informal care and support for carers in Sweden

  The general aim of this dissertation is to describe and analyse patterns of informal care and support for carers in Sweden. One specific aim is to study patterns of informal care from a broad population perspective in terms of types of care and types of carer. A typology of four different care categories based on what carers do revealed that women were much more likely than men to be involved at the ‘heavy end’ of caring, i.e. providing personal care in combination with a variety of other caring tasks. Men were more likely than women to provide some kind of practical help (Study I). Another aim is to investigate which support services are received by which types of informal caregiver. Relatively few informal caregivers in any care category were found to be receiving any kind of support from municipalities or voluntary organizations, for example training or financial assistance (Study II). The same study also examines which kinds of help care recipients receive in addition to that provided by informal carers. It appears that people in receipt of personal care from an informal caregiver quite often also receive help from the public care system, in this case mostly municipal services. However, the majority of those receiving personal, informal care did not receive any help from the public care system or from voluntary organizations or for-profit agencies (Study II). The empirical material in studies I and II comprises survey data from telephone interviews with a random sample of residents in the County of Stockholm aged between 18 and 84. In a number of countries there is a growing interest among social scientists and social policymakers in examining the types of support services that might be needed by people who provide informal care for older people and others. A further aim of the present dissertation is therefore to describe and analyse the carer support that is provided by municipalities and voluntary organizations in Sweden. The dissertation examines whether this support is aimed directly or indirectly at caregivers and discusses whether the Swedish government’s special financial investment in help for carers actually led to any changes in the support provided by municipalities and voluntary organisations. The main types of carer support offered by the municipalities were payment for care-giving, relief services and day care. The chief forms of carer support provided by the voluntary organizations were support groups, training groups, and a number of services aimed primarily at the elderly care recipients (Study III). Patterns of change in municipal carer support could be discerned fairly soon. The Swedish government’s special allocation to municipalities and voluntary organisations appears to have led to an increase in the number of municipalities providing direct support for carers, such as training, information material and professional caregiver consultants. On the other hand, only minor changes could be discerned in the pattern of carer support services provided by the voluntary organizations. This demonstrates stability and the relatively low impact that policy initiatives seem to have on voluntary organizations as providers (Study IV). In studies III and IV the empirical material consists of survey data from mail questionnaires sent to municipalities and voluntary organizations in the County of Stockholm. In the fields of social planning and social work there appears to be a need to clarify the aims of support services for informal carers. Should the support be direct or indirect? Should it be used to supplement or substitute caregivers? In this process of reappraisal it will be important to take the needs of both caregivers and care recipients into account when developing existing and new forms of support. How informal caregivers and care recipients interact with the care system as a whole is undeniably a fertile field for further research.

Storskalig vindkraft i skogen : Om rationell planering och lokalt motstånd

The global climate threat has intensified Sweden���s ambitions to build wind power stations. This thesis explores the planning of, and opposition to, wind power in the inland rural and forest regions of Sweden. It is in these autonomous communities that the plans are implemented and the aim of the thesis was to, from a local perspective, understand and analyse the planning and acceptance challenges that large-scale wind power development faces in places that are both sparsely populated and have good wind conditions. This thesis is based on qualitative methods and was conducted as two studies. The case study area comprises four municipalities in Dalarna County. The first study analyses the planning and establishment process in three municipalities using interviews and an analysis method called process tracing. The second study analyses one wind power establishment, in which the interviews form the basis for a discourse analytical approach. One striking finding highlights the relationship between the global and the local. Global environment and energy aspects are absent in the local process, and wind power becomes a technical land issue that clashes with other local land interests. Another finding of the study reveals that planning for wind power establishment follows a rational planning tradition. The feelings and memories of the individual – different views regarding the landscape – play a background role in the formal permit process, while measurable observable conditions have a more prominent role. Wind power developers thereby acquire a more significant position than what they probably would have had if the planning had included local residents’ views on wind power in the landscape at an early stage.

Ana's tragedy - and Europe's a contemplation over Romani, belonging and citizenship making in a Europe of migration

This article deals with the notion of belonging in today’s multi-ethnic Sweden and hints at perpectives of future European identity-building. On the basis of Frantz Fanon’s understanding of colonialism and the colonized mentality as theoretical, the article deals with the situation of Roma in Sweden – and Europe. With the story of a young Roma woman that has migrated to Sweden from Hungary as point of departure, the article addresses the situation for Romani people, but also for other migrants in Europe, with particular focus on who are allowed to belong to the community of Swedish and European citizens, and who are not

Assigning Refugees to Landlords in Sweden: Stable Maximum Matchings

The member states of the European Union received 1.2 million first time asylum applications in 2015 (a doubling compared to 2014). Even if asylum will be granted for many of the refugees that made the journey to Europe, several obstacles for successful integration remain. This paper focuses on one of these obstacles, namely the problem of finding housing for refugees once they have been granted asylum. In particular, the focus is restricted to the situation in Sweden during 2015–2016 and it is demonstrated that market design can play an important role in a partial solution to the problem. More specifically, because almost all accommodation options are exhausted in Sweden, the paper investigates a matching system, closely related to the system adopted by the European NGO “Refugees Welcome”, and proposes an easy-to-implement algorithm that finds a stable maximum matching. Such matching guarantees that housing is provided to a maximum number of refugees and that no refugee prefers some landlord to their current match when, at the same time, that specific landlord prefers that refugee to his current match.