Sex Trafficking of Minors in the U.S.: Implications for Policy, Prevention and Research

Context: Information currently available on the trafficking of minors in the U.S. for commercial sexual exploitation includes approximations of the numbers involved, risk factors that increase the likelihood of victimization and methods of recruitment and control. However, specific characteristics about this vulnerable population remain largely unknown. Objective: This article has two distinct purposes. The first is to provide the reader with an overview of available information on minor sex trafficking in the U.S. The second is to present findings and discuss policy, research, and educational implications from secondary data analysis of 115 cases of minor sex trafficking in the U.S. Design: Minor sex trafficking cases were identified through two main venues - a review of U.S. Department of Justice press releases of human trafficking cases and an online search of media reports. Searches covered the time period from October 28, 2000, which coincided with the passage of the VTVPA through October 31, 2009. Cases were included in analysis if the incident involved at least one victim under the age of 18, occurred in the U.S., and at least one perpetrator had been arrested, indicted, or convicted. Results: A total of 115 separate incidents involving at least 153 victims were located. These occurrences involved 215 perpetrators, with the majority of them having been convicted (n = 117, 53.4%), The number of victims involved in a single incident ranged from 1 to 9. Over 90% of victims were female who ranged in age from 5 to 17 years. There were more U.S. minor victims than those from other countries. Victims had been in captivity from less than 6 months to 5 years. Minors most commonly fell into exploitation through some type of false promise indicated (16.3%, n = 25), followed by kidnapping (9.8%, n = 15). Over a fifth of the sample (22.2%, n = 34) were abused through two commercial sex practices, with almost all (94.1%, n = 144) used in prostitution. One of every five victims (24.8%, n = 38) had been advertised on an Internet website. Conclusions: Results of a review of known information about minor sex trafficking and findings from analysis of 115 incidents of the sex trafficking of youth in the U.S. indicate a need for stronger legislation to educate various professional groups, more comprehensive services for victims, stricter laws for pimps and traffickers, and preventive educational interventions beginning at a young age.

Das Licht! : Verf. u. vorgetr. zur 2000 jährigen Chanuka-Feier ...

von Hirsch Berend Cohen

Tausendjähriger Umrechnungs-Kalender jüdischer und christlicher Daten, oder praktische Anleitung f. jedermann, auf einfache u. leichte Weise e. Doppel-Kalender jüd. u. christl. Zeitrechnung f. d. Jahre 1000 bis 2000 d. g. Z. anzufertigen

von L. Cohen

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 42 - Korrespondenzen u.a. mit Kurt Pinthus (p. I 21, 1-130)

1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Pierre van Paassen, 31.01.1944; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Frederick M. Padelford, 25.03.1941; 1 Exposé und Beilage von Karl O. Paetel sowie sowie Briefwechsel mit Karl A. Wittfogel; 2 Briefe zwischen Karl A. Wittfogel und Margot von Mendelssohn, 01.06.1941, 04.06.1941; 2 Briefe von Max Horkheimer an D. D. Paige, August 1944; 2 Briefe zwischen Maria Pape und Max Horkheimer, 23.07.1949, 29.07.1949; 1 Brief von Fritz Pappenheim an Max Horkheimer, 11.03.1939; 2 Briefe zwischen Claire Patek-Hohenadl und Max Horkheimer, 18.02.1945, 02.03.1945; 4 Briefe zwischen Wilhelm Pauck und Max Horkheimer, 1938; 2 Briefe von Max Horkheimer an Thomas Peardon, September 1941; 2 Briefe zwischen Christine Peck und Max Horkheimer, 01.02.1944, 16.02.1944; 2 Briefe zwischen Alexander H. Pekelis und Max Horkheimer, 20.10.1941, 29.10.1941; 4 Briefe zwischen Pendle Hill Wallingford und Max Horkheimer, 21.05.1940, 1940; 1 Einladung von The People Lobby an Max Horkheimer, April 1937; 1 Brief von Franz L. Neumann an Selig Perlman, 08.10.1941; 2 Briefe zwischen Florence Pfleger und Max Horkheimer, 30.10.1944, 06.11.1944; 2 Briefe zwischen The Philharmonic-Symphony Society of New York und Max Horkheimer, 11.06.1936, 22.06.1936; 2 Briefe zwischen Philosophical Library New York und Max Horkheimer, 09.09.1941; 2 Briefe von Max Horkheimer an Donald A. Piatt, Oktober 1940; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Alfred Pinkus, 27.08.1942; 20 Briefe und Beilage zwischen Kurt Pinthus und Max Horkheimer, 1940-1942; 1 Brief von Friedrich Pollock an das American Consul General Berlin, 20.05.1941; 1 Brief von Friedrich Pollock an den National Refugee Service New York, 30.04.1941; 4 Briefe zwischen The Emergency Committee in Aid of Displaced Foreign Scholars, New York und Friedrich Pollock, 27.09.1940-1941; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an John Simon Guggeheim von der Memorial Foundation, 08.11.1940; 3 Brief zwischen Robert Plank und Max Horkheimer, 12.07.1944, 1944; 4 Briefe und 1 Beilage zwischen Richard S. Plant und Max Horkheimer, Januar 1939; 2 Briefe zwischen Caroline S. Platt und Max Horkheimer, 06.05.1942, 08.05.1942; 1 Brief und 2 Beilagen vom Pledge for Peace Committee New York an Max Horkheimer, 10.04.1944; 1 Brief vom Popular Publications, Inc. New York an Mein, 23.10.1939; 2 Briefe von Else Heim an die Popular Publikations, Inc. New York, 1939; 1 Brief und 1 Beilage von Frederick Pollock an Leonard Powers, 03.06.1941; 2 Briefe zwischen S. Pressburger udn Max Horkheimer, 18.06.1939, 05.07.1939; 2 Briefe zwsichen dem Preston Hotel, Swampscott und Max Horkheimer, 28.04.1937, 08.05.1937; 1 Brief von Lucio José F. Weil an das Preston Hotel, Swampscott, 25.06.1936; 5 Briefe zwischen F. V. Preve und Max Horkheimer, 1937; 4 Briefe zwischen Rena Proulx und Max Horkheimer, 1934, 1937; 2 Briefe zwischen dem Psychatry Journal of the Biology and the Pathology of Interpersonal Relations Washington und Max Horkheimer, 21.08.1939, 11.09.1939;