999 resultados para Topelius, Eva
Resumo:
El presente trabajo propone una reflexión sobre la relación entre el sistema de enseñanza-aprendizaje y el grado de presencialidad tomando como punto de partida la experiencia desarrollada en tres asignaturas obligatorias de la licenciatura de Ciencias Actuariales y Financieras (CAF) de la Universidad de Barcelona: Matemática Actuarial Vida (MAV), Matemática Actuarial No Vida (MANV) y Análisis Numérico (AN). Todas son asignaturas obligatorias en la licenciatura y constan de 9 créditos en el caso de las dos primeras (6 teóricos y 3 prácticos) y de 6 créditos el Análisis Numérico (3 teóricos y 3 prácticos). La implantación de un sistema de evaluación continuada a partir del curso 2004-05 ha supuesto un cambio de enfoque del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje que ha afectado tanto al profesorado implicado como al alumnado, se ha basado en el control de la asistencia del estudiante, en la valoración conjunta teoría-práctica, en el trabajo en grupo y en el portafolio docente como herramientas de trabajo del estudiante y de evaluación para el profesor. A partir del curso 2007-08 la Universidad de Barcelona establece un cambio en las normas reguladoras de la evaluación y de la calificación de los aprendizajes, de manera que se considerará que la evaluación será continuada como norma general. Debido a este cambio y a la valoración que habían realizado los alumnos respecto al sistema de evaluación continuada aplicado en cursos anteriores, mediante la realización de encuestas de opinión, se toma la decisión de introducir modificaciones en dicho sistema. Al finalizar el primer semestre del curso 2007-08 se analizan cómo han afectado estos cambios en los resultados académicos y nos planteamos el enfoque que hay que dar a estas asignaturas que, debido a sus contenidos, exigen un alto grado de presencialidad de los alumnos. Debido a que muchos estudiantes están compaginando trabajo y estudios, los profesores implicados se plantean si sería conveniente tender hacia un nuevo sistema de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el cual el grado de presencialidad requerido no fuese tan elevado.
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Background: Attention to patients with acute minor-illnesses requesting same-day consultation represents a major burden in primary care. The workload is assumed by general practitioners in many countries. A number of reports suggest that care to these patients may be provided, at in least in part, by nurses. However, there is scarce information with respect to the applicability of a program of nurse management for adult patients with acute minor-illnesses in large areas. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a program of nurse algorithm-guided care for adult patients with acute minor illnesses requesting same-day consultation in primary care in a largely populated area. Methods: A cross-sectional study of all adult patients seeking same day consultation for 16 common acute minor illnesses in a large geographical area with 284 primary care practices. Patients were included in a program of nurse case management using management algorithms. The main outcome measure was case resolution, defined as completion of the algorithm by the nurse without need of referral of the patient to the general practitioner. The secondary outcome measure was return to consultation, defined as requirement of new consultation for the same reason as the first one, in primary care within a 7-day period. Results: During a two year period (April 2009-April 2011), a total of 1,209,669 consultations were performed in the program. Case resolution was achieved by nurses in 62.5% of consultations. The remaining cases were referred to a general practitioner. Resolution rates ranged from 94.2% in patients with burns to 42% in patients with upper respiratory symptoms. None of the 16 minor illnesses had a resolution rate below 40%. Return to consultation during a 7-day period was low, only 4.6%. Conclusions: A program of algorithms-guided care is effective for nurse case management of patients requesting same day consultation for minor illnesses in primary care.
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BACKGROUND: The Thai-Cambodian border has been known as the origin of antimalarial drug resistance for the past 30 years. There is a highly diverse market for antimalarials in this area, and improved knowledge of drug pressure would be useful to target interventions aimed at reducing inappropriate drug use. METHODS: Baseline samples from 125 patients with falciparum malaria recruited for 2 in vivo studies (in Preah Vihear and Pursat provinces) were analyzed for the presence of 14 antimalarials in a single run, by means of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. RESULTS: Half of the patients had residual drug concentrations above the lower limit of calibration for at least 1 antimalarial at admission. Among the drugs detected were the currently used first-line drugs mefloquine (25% and 35% of patients) and piperaquine (15% of patients); the first-line drug against vivax malaria, chloroquine (25% and 41% of patients); and the former first-line drug, quinine (5% and 34% patients). CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate that there is high drug pressure and that many people still seek treatment in the private and informal sector, where appropriate treatment is not guaranteed. Promotion of comprehensive behavioral change, communication, community-based mobilization, and advocacy are vital to contain the emergence and spread of parasite resistance against new antimalarials.
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Objective: To determine the variation in prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), other side effects, and technical complications during 5 years of sleep apnea treatment with a mandibular advancement device. Materials and Methods: Forty patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea received an adjustable appliance at 70% of the maximum protrusion. The protrusion was then progressively increased. TMD (diagnosed according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD), overjet, overbite, occlusal contacts, subjective side effects, and technical complications were recorded before and a mean of 14, 21, and 58 months after treatment and analyzed by the Wilcoxon test (P Less-than .05). Results: Fifteen patients still used the oral appliance at the 5-year follow-up, and no significant variation in TMD prevalence was observed. Subjective side effects were common, and a significant reduction was found in overjet, overbite, and in the number of occlusal contacts. Furthermore, the patients made a mean of 2.5 unscheduled dental visits per year and a mean of 0.8 appliance repairs/relines per year by a dental technician. The most frequent unscheduled visits were needed during the first year and were a result of acrylic breakage on the lateral telescopic attachment, poor retention, and other adjustments to improve comfort. Conclusions: Five-year oral appliance treatment does not affect TMD prevalence but is associated with permanent occlusal changes in most sleep apnea patients during the first 2 years. Patients seek several unscheduled visits, mainly because of technical complications.
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OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of maternal and child characteristics with early pregnancy maternal concentrations of testosterone, androstenedione, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and estradiol (E2). METHODS: We analyzed these hormones among 1,343 women with singleton pregnancies who donated serum samples to the Finnish Maternity Cohort from 1986 to 2006 during the first half of pregnancy (median 11 weeks). The associations of maternal and child characteristics with hormone concentrations were investigated by correlation and multivariable regression. RESULTS: Women older than age 30 years had lower androgen and E2 but higher progesterone concentrations than women younger than that age. Multiparous women had 14% lower testosterone, 11% lower androstenedione and 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 9% lower progesterone, and 16% lower E2 concentrations compared with nulliparous women (all P<.05). Smoking mothers had 11%, 18%, and 8% higher testosterone, androstenedione, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels, respectively, but 10% lower progesterone compared with nonsmoking women (all P<.05). E2 concentrations were 9% higher (P<.05) among women with a female fetus compared with those with a male fetus. CONCLUSION: Parity, smoking, and, to a lesser extent, maternal age and child sex are associated with sex steroid levels during the first half of a singleton pregnancy. The effects of smoking on the maternal hormonal environment and the possible long-term deleterious consequences on the fetus deserve further evaluation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.
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Introducción: La adhesión de las resinas dentales al esmalte no depende solamente del grabado ácido del esmalte. Otros factores, como el pulido de la superficie del esmalte pueden influir en la fuerza de adhesión de las resinas. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la adhesión de un sellador de fisuras fotopolimerizable tras la utilización previa de distintos métodos de profilaxis y dos diferentes tiempos de grabado. Material y método: Ochenta terceros molares extraídos quirúrgicamente se seccionaron en dos mitades (vestibular y lingual). Los dientes se dividieron en ocho grupos de 20 muestras cada uno, de acuerdo con los métodos de profilaxis: polvo de piedra pómez, pasta fluorada, espray de bicarbonato y control (sin profilaxis); y dos tiempos de grabado: 15 y 30 segundos. Se midió la fuerza de adhesión mediante una prueba de tracción en una máquina de ensayos universal INSTRON. Resultados y conclusión: Se utilizó el test estadístico ANOVA, detectándose diferencias significativas en la resistencia a la tracción; el posterior test de Dunnett encontró estas diferencias entre los grupos control y de profilaxis con piedra pómez para 15 y 30 segundos de grabado respecto de los grupos tratados con pasta fluorada y espray de bicarbonato, para los mismos tiempos de grabado (p<0,05), siendo esta diferencia mayor en el grupo de espray con bicarbonato.
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La implementació dels nous graus requereix la integració dels conceptes i metodologies relacionades amb la seguretat, la prevenció de riscos laborals i la protecció del medi ambient. En aquest context, un equip de professorat de les facultats de Belles Arts (UB, UPV, UCLM) ha desenvolupat un projecte d'innovació docent, una de les parts fonamentals del qual, ha estat la ideació i la creació d'un model de procediment normalitzat de treball (PNT) i la seva aplicació en experiències pilot realitzades en diverses pràctiques als tallers i laboratoris. El PNT s'ha mostrat com una eina bàsica per a l'autoaprenentatge, que, així mateix, garanteix l'adquisició de les competències transversals relacionades amb la seguretat i la sostenibilitat.
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The aim of this paper is to analyse how learning assessment, particularly the Continuous Assessment system, has been defined in the Public Administration and Management Diploma Course of the University of Barcelona (Spain). This course was a pioneering experiment at this university in implementing the guidelines of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), and thus represents a good case study for verifying whether one of the cornerstones of the EHEA has been accomplished with success. Using data obtained from the Teaching Plans elaborated by the lecturers of each subject, we are able to establish that the CA system has been progressively accepted to such an extent that it is now the assessment formula used by practically all of the lecturers, conforming in this way to the protocols laid down by the Faculty of Law in which this diploma course is taught. Nevertheless, we find that high dispersion exists in how Continuous Assessment is actually defined. Indeed, it seems that there is no unified view of how Continuous Assessment should be performed. This dispersion, however, seems to diminish over time and raises some questions about the advisability of agreement on criteria, considering the potential which CA has as a pedagogical tool. Moreover, we find that the Unique Assessment system, which students may also apply for, is an option chosen only by a minority, with lecturers usually defining it as merely a theoretical and/or practical test, of little innovation in relation to traditional tests.
Resumo:
La gran diversitat lingüística i cultural present en la nostra societat sovint no s'ha fet gaire visible. Determinats aspectes més aparents, com la nacionalitat, imposen estereotips que amaguen realitats complexes. D'altra banda, persisteix una actitud assimiladora basada en la idea que la integració ha de voler dir la renúncia a bona part del bagatge cultural dels nouvinguts. Tanmateix, Catalunya té una llengua molt poc coneguda en altres societats, i per això la consciència que és important reconèixer l'altre aquí és molt habitual: la nacionalitat diu massa poc de nosaltres, i el mateix passa amb molts altres. Aquest projecte de recerca pretén reunir en format de fitxes una sèrie de dades molt bàsiques, especialment sobre la diversitat lingüística, i oferirles a qualsevol persona que tingui contacte amb persones immigrades per tal de posar a disposició algun element senzill que permeti expressar reconeixement i sensibilitat cap a la diversitat.
Resumo:
Mitjançant una metodologia qualitativa basada en entrevistes obertes en profunditat, l'article pretén mostrar exemples de projecció de representacions lingüístiques de parlants provinents d'altres àrees lingüístiques sobre la situació sociolingüística del català. S'observen diferents aspectes d'aquestes representacions i es constata que hi ha nombrosos fenòmens de reinterpretació de la pròpia llengua i de la situació sociolingüística d'origen a partir de l'experiència amb el català. Així mateix, es veu com les llengües com el català, amb capacitat identitària, es constitueixen en elements clau tant d'integració en una nova comunitat com de valoració de la pròpia herència cultural i lingüística, especialment en els casos de llengües minoritzades.
Resumo:
La gran diversitat lingüística i cultural present en la nostra societat sovint no s'ha fet gaire visible. Determinats aspectes més aparents, com la nacionalitat, imposen estereotips que amaguen realitats complexes. D'altra banda, persisteix una actitud assimiladora basada en la idea que la integració ha de voler dir la renúncia a bona part del bagatge cultural dels nouvinguts. Tanmateix, Catalunya té una llengua molt poc coneguda en altres societats, i per això la consciència que és important reconèixer l'altre aquí és molt habitual: la nacionalitat diu massa poc de nosaltres, i el mateix passa amb molts altres. Aquest projecte de recerca pretén reunir en format de fitxes una sèrie de dades molt bàsiques, especialment sobre la diversitat lingüística, i oferirles a qualsevol persona que tingui contacte amb persones immigrades per tal de posar a disposició algun element senzill que permeti expressar reconeixement i sensibilitat cap a la diversitat.
Resumo:
Mitjançant una metodologia qualitativa basada en entrevistes obertes en profunditat, l'article pretén mostrar exemples de projecció de representacions lingüístiques de parlants provinents d'altres àrees lingüístiques sobre la situació sociolingüística del català. S'observen diferents aspectes d'aquestes representacions i es constata que hi ha nombrosos fenòmens de reinterpretació de la pròpia llengua i de la situació sociolingüística d'origen a partir de l'experiència amb el català. Així mateix, es veu com les llengües com el català, amb capacitat identitària, es constitueixen en elements clau tant d'integració en una nova comunitat com de valoració de la pròpia herència cultural i lingüística, especialment en els casos de llengües minoritzades.
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[spa] El presente estudio versa sobre la evaluación de competencias transversales en el Grado de Derecho a través del uso del portafolio digital. A tal fin son definidos los objetivos a alcanzar, las fases en su aplicación; la selección de las competencias a evaluar, así como una tabla de equivalencias entre actividades y competencias. Dicho portafolio electrónico nos ha permitido hacer el seguimiento, monitorización y evaluación de las competencias de los estudiantes. Se ha escogido deliberadamente llevar a cabo únicamente la evaluación de las competencias genéricas o transversales. La implantación del portafolio se ha hecho como experiencia piloto en un grupo de 90 estudiantes de doble titulación en la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Barcelona.
Resumo:
There is nothing as amazing and fascinating as children learning process. Between 0 and 6 years old, a child brain develops in a waythat will never be repeated. At this age, children are eager to discover and they have great potential of active and affective life.Because of this, their learning capacity in this period is incalculable. (Jordan-Decarbo y Nelson, 2002; Wild, 1999).Pre-school Education is a unique and special stage, with self identity, which aims are:attending children as a whole,motivate them to learn,give them an affective and stable environment in which they can grow up and get to be balanced and confident people and inwhich they can relate to others, learn, enjoy and be happy.Arts, Music, Visual Arts and Drama (Gardner, 1994) can provide a framework of special, even unique, personal expression.With the aim of introducing qualitative improvements in the education of children and to ensure their emotional wellbeing, and havingnoticed that teachers had important needs and concerns as regards to diversity in their student groups, we developed a programbased on the detection of needs and concerns explained by professionals in education.This program of Grupo edebé, object of our research, is a multicultural, interdisciplinary and globalizing project the aims of which are:developing children's talent and personality,keeping their imagination and creativity and using these as a learning resource,promoting reasoning, favouring expression and communication,providing children with the tools to manage their emotions,and especially, introducing Arts as a procedure to increase learning.We wanted to start the research by studying the impact (Brice, 2003) that this last point had on the learning of five-year-old childrenschooled in multicultural environments.Therefore, the main goal of the research was the assessment of the implementation of a child education programme attending todiversity in a population of five-year-old children, specifically in the practice of procedures based on the use of Arts (music, arts andcrafts and theatre) as a vehicle or procedure for learning contents in Pre-school stage.Because children emotional welfare was a subject of our concern, and bearing in mind that the affective aspects are of vitalimportance for learning and child development (Parke and Gauvain, 2009), Grupo Edebé has also evaluated the starting, evolving andfinal impact in five-year-old children given that they finish Pre-school education at that age.