Recueil de lettres originales et de copies de pièces indiquées comme telles dans le dépouillement qui suit.

Contient : 1 Bulle de PIE II pour la croisade contre les Turcs, vers 1464. Copie ; 2 « La joyeuse Entrée faicte à Bruges par... monseigneur le duc de Bourgogne [Philippe le Bon] et par madame [Agnès, duchesse] de Bourbon, sa seur, le jour de karesme prenant M.CCCC.LXII ». Copie ; 3 « Complainte piteable de Chasteté » contre « Le Fol amoureux » du Roman de la Rose, composée par JEAN DE GERSON, « l'an de grace mil quatre cens et deux, le XVIIIe jour de may » ; 4 « Advis des medecins demorans à Dijon » touchant une maladie épidémique, « rapporté à messrs les mayeur et eschevins dudict Dijon, le XIIIIe jour d'octobre, l'an mil IIII.C.LXVI » ; 5 « Autre Advis apporté de Paris sur la matiere avant dicte » ; 6 « Alter modus datus contra epidimiam per magistrum NAUDINUM, medicum in Avinione, tempore quo ibi vigebat epidimia » ; 7 « Alia recepta ad idem et eodem tempore per magistrum JACOBUM JUDEUM Avinione ordinata » ; 8 « Autre Remede contre l'impedimie » ; 9 « Remede baillé à aucuns pour les preserver de l'impedimie regnant l'an mil IIII.C.LXVII » ; 10 « Traictié fait à Bouloigne contre l'impedimie » de l'année « mil IIII.C.XXVII ou mois d'aoust », par « THIEBAULT LOUET D'AVRIGNY » ; 11 « Tractatus quidam contra pestem » ; 12 « Traictié » en vers « fait à Montpelier de pieça sur le fait de l'impedimie » ; 13 « Le Livre de SENEQUE des quatre vertus, translaté en françois par maistre JEHAN COURTE-CUISSE », dédié à « Jehan, filz de roy de France, duc de Berry » ; 14 « Traictié que ont fait, par le commandement du roy nostre sire Loys de Valois, monseigneur maistre JEHAN LE SELLIER et monseigneur maistre JEHAN HENRY, conseilliers en sa court de parlement, touchant la pramatique sanxion » ; 15 « HIERONIMI MANFREDI, celeberrimi vatis... pronosticon anni salutis M.CCCC.LXXVIII... Bononie » ; 16 Lettres patentes de LOUIS XI, portant défense de faire aucun commerce sur les terres du duc de Bourgogne. « Données au Montiz les Tours, le VIIIe jour d'octobre, l'an de grace mil CCCC.LXX ». Copie ; 17 « La Traïson faicte en Angleterre au roy Edouard [IV], comme l'a escript monseigneur le bailly de Dijon, qui est en Flandres, à monseigneur le president des parlemens de Bourgongne » par lettres « receues à Dijon, le XXVIe jour d'octobre mil IIII.C.LXX » ; 18 Double de la pièce portée sous le n° 16 ; 19 Lettres patentes de CHARLES LE TEMERAIRE, duc DE BOURGOGNE, portant défense à ses sujets de faire aucun commerce avec les sujets du roi de France. « Donné en nostre chastel de Hesdin, le VIIIe jour de novembre, l'an de grace mil CCCC. soixante et dix ». Copie ; 20 « Lectres escriptes » par CHARLES LE TEMERAIRE, duc DE BOURGOGNE, « à son bailly de Dijon ou à son lieutenant, et es mayeurs (sic), eschevins, conseil, manans et habitans de Dijon, sur la trayson que l'on luy a voulu faire... Escript en nostre chastel de Hesdin, le XIIe jour de decembre, l'an [MCCCC]LXX ». Copie ; 21 Lettres patentes de « CHARLES [LE TEMERAIRE], duc DE BOURGOINGNE », portant défense à tous ses sujets de recevoir les lettres du roi de France et d'avoir aucun rapport avec ses gens et officiers. « Donné en nostre chastel de Hesdin, le XIIIIe jour de janvier, l'an de grace mil CCCC.LXX » ; 22 Lettres closes de CHARLES LE TEMERAIRE, duc DE BOURGOGNE, au bailli de Dijon, pour convocation de troupes. « Donné en nostre ville de Dourlens, le XXe jour de jenvier, l'an de grace mil CCCC.LXX ». Copie ; 23 Lettre de GUI BERNARD, évêque de Langres, à « mon compere monseigneur de Talemer,... Escript à Lengres, le XIIIe jour de fevrier » 1471. Copie ; 24 Post-scriptum de la lettre portée plus bas sous le n° 32. Copie ; 25 Lettres patentes de LOUIS XI, par lesquelles il promet sa protection aux sujets du duc de Bourgogne qui feront leur soumission dans un mois. « Donné à Complaigne (Compiègne), le VIe jour de fevrier, l'an de grace mil IIII.C.LXX ». Copie ; 26 Lettre de GILBERT, comte DE MONTPENSIER, « daulphin d'Auvergne », et de JEAN, bâtard D'ARMAGNAC, comte « DE COMMINGE, mareschal de France... lieutenans generaulx du roy es pays, duchié et conté de Bourgongne... à messre Pierre de La Bussiere,... Donné à Villefranche en Beaujolais, le XXIIIIe jour de fevrier, l'an de grace mil IIII.C.LXX ». Copie ; 27 « Nouvelles de Flandres », envoyées à Dijon par messre FERRY DE CLUGNY,... Escript à Bruxelles, le XVIIIe de mars... mil IIII.C.LXX ». Copie ; 28 Lettre d'« A. MASILLES » à « monseigneur maistre Pierre Bonfeal,... Escript à Seurre, le XIXe jour d'avril ». Copie ; 29 Lettres closes de « CHARLES [LE TEMERAIRE], duc DE BOURGONGNE,... à noz amez et feaulx messe Jehan Joard, chief de nostre conseil et president de noz parlemens de Bourgongne, et les autres gens de nostre dit conseil et de noz comptes à Dijon », touchant la trêve avec le roi Louis XI. « Escript en nostre champ lez [C]orbie, le XIe d'avril, l'an [M.CCCC]LXX, avant Pasques ». Copie ; 30 « Advis fait par les capitaines et conseillers de monseigneur [Charles, duc de Bourgogne], qui sont esté assemblez à Dijon, dez le XXVIIIe jour d'avril jusques au IIIIe jour de may mil IIII.C.LXXI ». Copie ; 31 « Advis fait par les nobles es estas qui sont esté assemblez à Dijon, dez le XXVIIIe jour d'avril jusques au IIIe jour de may mil IIII.C.LXXI ». Copie ; 32 Lettres closes de « CHARLES [LE TEMERAIRE], duc DE BOURGONGNE,... à noz tres chiers et bien amez les mayeur et eschevins de nostre ville de Dijon », touchant la trêve. « Escript en nostre ville de Peronne, le XXVIIe jour d'avril mil IIII.C.LXXI ». Copie ; 33 Lettre de « JEHAN DE MOLESMES [secrétaire de Charles le Téméraire]... à messrs les mayeur et eschevins de la ville de Dijon... Escript à Peronne, le XXVIIe jour d'avril » 1471. Copie ; 34 « Les Noms de ceulx qui ont esté mors en la bataille [de Barnet], qui a esté entre le roy Edouard [IV] d'Engleterre et le conte de Verwic, le jour de Pasques, XIIIIe jour d'avril mil IIII.C.LXXI ». Copie ; 35 « Les premieres Trieves prinses entre le roy [Louis XI] et monseigneur [Charles, duc] de Bourgongne, publiées à Dijon, le XXVIe jour d'avril, l'an mil IIII.C.LXXI ». Copie ; 36 « Secondes Triefves, seur estat et abstinence de guerre entre le roy [Louis XI] et monseigneur de Bourgongne,... Receues en l'escriptore du bailliage à Dijon par Pierre Prevost, scribe en icelly, le IIIIe jour de juillet... mil IIII.C.LXXI ». Copie ; 37 « Mandement de l'ordonnance de gens de guerre que CHARLES [LE TEMERAIRE], duc DE BOURGOGNE, entend à mectre sus et entretenir à gaiges en ses pays... Donné en nostre ville d'Abbeville, le XXIXe jour de jung... mil IIII.C.LXXI ». Copie ; 38 « La Maniere comment monseigneur le duc [de Bourgogne] veult et entend que les hommes d'armes, costilliers et archiers qu'il retiendra pour son ordonnance de douze cens cinquante lances, qu'il met sus, soient habilliez... Publié à Dijon, le diemenche XIIIIe jour de juillet, l'an mil IIII.C.LXXI ». Copie ; 39 « Copie des aliances faictes par le roy Loys [XI] avec le prince de Galles et autres ses aliez en Engleterre, à l'encontre de monseigneur [le duc] de Bourgongne... A Amboise, le XXVIIIe jour de novembre, l'an de grace mil quatre cens soixante dix » ; 40 « Nouvelles du recouvrement fait par le roy Edouart IIIIe de son royaulme d'Angleterre et des victoires qu'il a eues contre ses rebelles » Copie ; 41 Lettre d'«EDOWARD [IV]... roy d'Engleterre... à tres hault et puissant prince... le duc de Bourgongne... De Canterbury, le XXVIIIe jour de may » 1471. Copie ; 42 Lettres closes de « CHARLES [LE TEMERAIRE], duc DE BOURGOGNE, [déclarant] ses pays et subgectz estre exempts de la coronne et ressort de France et de la court de parlement de France, par l'infraction faicte par le roy contre le traictié de Peronne... Donné en nostre ville de Saint Omer, le XIIe jour de novembre » 1471. Copie ; 43 Récapitulation des trêves conclues ou prorogées entre Louis XI et Charles le Téméraire, depuis le 14 octobre 1468 jusqu'au 13 septembre 1475 ; 44 Double du n° 35 ; 45 Double du n° 36 ; 46 « Tierce Treve » entre Louis XI et Charles le Téméraire, depuis le premier mai « jusques au XVe jour de jung... mil IIII.C???LXXII », publiée par Louis XI, « au Plesseys du Parc lez Tours, le XXIIe jour d'avril » 1472. Copie ; 47 Même Trêve publiée par Charles le Téméraire « en nostre ville de Bruges, le XXVIe jour d'avril » 1472. Copie ; 48 « Quatriesme Treve entre le roy [Louis XI] et monseigneur de Bourgogne ; 49 « Cinquiesme Treve, continuée de la precedente, depuis le premier jour d'avril avant Pasques mil IIII.C. LXXII jusques au premier jour d'avril.mil IIII.C.LXXIII avant Pasques ». Copie ; 50 Lettre de « J[EAN] JOARD DES CHAVANNES, chief du conseil et president des parlemens de monseigneur le duc de Bourgogne... à nostre tres chier Sr et especial amy le bailli de Dijon... Escript à Dole, ce XXIIIIe jour de mars M.IIII.C.LXXIII » ; 51 « Sixiesme Treve » entre Louis XI et Charles le Téméraire, « proroguée de la precedente jusques au XVe jour de may, l'an mil IIII.C.LXXIIII, ledit jour inclus ». Copie ; 52 Lettre d'«A. DE LUXEMBOURG, conte de Roussy et de Charny, mareschal de Bourgoingne... à nostre tres chier et especial ami le bailli de Dijon... Escript à Dijon, le XXVIIIe jour de jung [MCCCC]LXXIIII » ; 53 « Septiesme Treve entre le roy [Louis XI] et monseigneur de Bourgongne, depuis le XVe jour de jung mil IIII.C.LXXIIII jusques au premier jour de may mil IIII.CLXXV ». Copie ; 54 « Huictiesme Treve entre le roy [Louis XI] et monseigneur [le duc de Bourgogne], leurs pays, subgectz et aliez, à neuf ans, qui finistront ou mois de septembre que l'on dira mil IIII.C.IIII.XX. et IIII, et sont communicatives et marchandes... Publiées à Dijon... le venredi XXVIIe jour d'octobre » 1475. Copie ; 55 Trêve pour un an, du 11 juillet 1478 au 11 juillet 1479, conclue entre Louis XI, d'une part, et Maximilien d'Autriche et sa femme Marie de Bourgogne, d'autre part. « Donné en nostre cité d'Arras, le XIe jour du mois de juillet » 1478. Copie ; 56 Manifeste de CHARLES LE TEMERAIRE, duc DE BOURGOGNE, contre Louis XI, 1472. Copie ; 57 « Nouvelles de monseigneur le duc » de Bourgogne. « Escript les Falvy à trois lieux de Peronne, le XXVIIIe jour de septembre, l'an [MCCCC]LXXII ». Copie ; 58 « Places prinses » par Charles le Téméraire, duc de Bourgogne, « depuis le dernier jour de septembre jusques au IXe jour d'octobre mil IIII.C.LXXII » ; 59 « De sancto Nicolao salus » ; 60 « Salus sancti Nicolai » ; 61 Confirmation par EUDES III, duc DE BOURGOGNE, d'une donation de 500 sous à prendre chaque année sur le péage de Dijon, faite par Hugues III son père à l'abbaye de Saint-Bénigne de Dijon. 1192. Copie ; 62 Charte d'EUDES III, duc DE BOURGOGNE, contenant : 1° confirmation des priviléges accordés à l'abbaye de Saint-Bénigne de Dijon par les ducs Robert le Vieux, Eudes II et Hugues III ; 2° concession de la justice haute et basse à ladite abbaye. 1193. Copie ; 63 « Lettres de vidimus et extraction » des lettres de « PHILIPPE [LE BON], duc DE BOURGONGNE,... touchant la fondacion de la messe de l'ordre de la Toison d'or, et des quatre prebendes par lui fondées en la chappelle à Dijon », en 1431. Vidimus donné en 1478 par « HUGUES NOBLET, lieutenant general » du bailli de Dijon. Copie ; 64 Lettre de « J. JAQUELIN, president, et les autres gens du conseil du roy à Dijon... à nostre tres chier Sr et especial ami le bailly de Dijon... Escript à Dijon, ce VIIe jour de janvier [MCCCC]LXXVIII ». Copie ; 65 « Coppie des lectres escriptes à Rodez le XIIIe de septembre mil IIII.C.IIII.XX., du siege qui a esté devant Rodes par les Turs, et de la levation d'icellui par les chevaliers dudit Rode ». Copie ; 66 « En brief ce qui a esté respondu es ambaxadeurs du roy » de France Louis XI par CHARLES LE TEMERAIRE, touchant l'appel du ban et arrière-ban, etc. Copie ; 67 Chanson en l'honneur des Bourguignons ; 68 Ordonnance de LOUIS XI portant convocation du ban et de l'arrière-ban. « Donné à Amboise, le IIIIe jour de fevrier, l'an de grace mil IIII.C.LXIX ». Copie ; 69 Lettres closes de CHARLES LE TEMERAIRE, duc DE BOURGOGNE, par lesquelles il prescrit aux gens de son conseil du duché de Brabant d'indemniser ses sujets de ce pays des pertes et dommages subis à la suite des incursions des duc de Clarence et comte de Warwick. « De Middelbourg en Zellande, le XIIe jour de jung, l'an de grace mil IIII.C.LXX ». Copie ; 70 « Nouvelles envoyées par... monseigneur le duc DE BOURGONGNE [CHARLES LE TEMERAIRE]... à madame la duchesse sa mere estant à Aire... Escript à Midelbourg en Zellande, le IIIe jour de jung, l'an [MCCCC]LXX ». Copie ; 71 Récit de l'entrevue de Louis XI et de son frère Charles, duc de Guyenne, au Pont de Bray (Charente), les 7 et 8 septembre 1469. Copie ; 72 « Nouvelles envoyées de la conté de Ferrete par ceulx qui en sont esté prendre la possession pour monseigneur [le duc] de Bourgogne », Charles le Téméraire. Juin 1469. Copie ; 73 Lettres patentes de LOUIS XI, portant exemption de service personnel pour la defense du royaume, en faveur des vassaux, sujets et serviteurs du duc de Bourgogne. « Donné à Peronne, le XIIIIe jour d'octobre, l'an de grace mil CCCC. soixante et huit ». Copie ; 74 Lettres patentes de LOUIS XI, concernant la juridiction que le bailli de Sens exerçait sur les habitants de Villeneuve-le-Roi. « Donné à Peronne, le XIIIIe jour d'octobre, l'an de grace mil CCCC. soixante huit ». Copie ; 75 Lettres patentes de LOUIS XI, par lesquelles il défend au bailli de Sens de recevoir les appellations des jugements rendus par les officiers du duc de Bourgogne, et ne permet de les porter qu'au parlement de Paris. « Donné à Peronne, le XIIIIe jour d'octobre » 1468. Copie ; 76 Lettres patentes de LOUIS XI réglant la connaissance des complaintes dans le duché de Bourgogne. « Donné à Peronne, le XIIIIe jour d'octobre » 1468. Copie ; 77 « Nouvelles escriptes par maistre ANTHOINE DE LOISEY, licencié es lois, à monseigneur le president de Bourgongne », sur la prise de Liége. « Escript en la cité de Liege, le jeudi au soir, IIIe jour de novembre » 1468. Copie ; 78 Lettre de « JEHAN DE MASILLES, eschansson de monseigneur le duc de Bourgongne et capitaine de Saulx », sur la prise de Liége. « Escript en la cité du Liege, le VIIIe jour de novembre mil IIII.C.LXVIII ». Copie ; 79 Vers « pour trouver le millenaire, le jour et le mois de l'an de la prinse et destruction de Liege... 1468, [31] octobre ». En latin. Copie ; 80 « Nouvelles de JEHAN DE MAZILLES » sur la prise de Liége. Copie ; 81 Lettres patentes de LOUIS XI, portant défense à tous ses sujets de proférer des menaces ou des paroles injurieuses contre Charles le Téméraire et contre la maison de Bourgogne. « Donné à Cressy-sur-Cere, le Xme jour de novembre, l'an de grace mil CCCC. soixante et huit ». Copie ; 82 « Nouvelles escriptes par ROBERT VION à Girart de Saint Legier, son beaul pere, touchant la paix du roy [Louis XI] et de monseigneur le duc [de Bourgogne] et la prinse de Liege... A Bruxelles, le XIIe jour de novembre mil CCCC. soixante et huit ». Copie ; 83 « Traitté d'Arras » entre le roi Charles VII et Philippe le Bon, duc de Bourgogne. 1435. Copie ; 84 Requête de « MICHAUS DE CHANGEY, seigneur DE CHISSEY,... au roy » Louis XI, concernant, « le don de la terre et chastellenie de Rossillon ». Copie ; 85 « Epitaphe de feu le duc [de Bourgogne], Phelippe [le Bon], derrenier trespassé », 1467 ; 86 « Extracta ex certis processibus et examinibus factis in causa fidei super quadam... secta que Valdesia nuncupatur ». En latin. Copie ; 87 « Le Testament de maistre PIERRE DE NESSON » ; 88 Ballade ; 89 Autre ballade. Refrain (fol. 224) ; 90 Discours de GUILLAUME FILLATRE, évêque de Tournai, au pape Pie II, de la part de Philippe le Bon, duc de Bourgogne, 1463 ; 91 « Le Livre du saulvement d'umainne creature » ; 92 « L'Ave Maria en françois » ; 93 « Tres bonne Oroison à la benoiste et glorieuse Vierge » ; 94 « Bonne Oroison contre les sept pechiez mortelz »

1977 Board of Trustees Session

Pictured here from left to right are: R. Nairn, W. Jolly, M. Miller, C. Shaver, C. Slemon, O. Loberg, W. Thompson.

1977 Board of Trustees Session

Pictured here from left to right are: W. Thompson, M. Williams, M. Stevens, C. McMillan.

Mr. Guy Gauthier

At the time the language lab at the Glenridge Campus was state of the art. It was equiped with 18 individual student cubicles and a main console. In this photograph Mr. Guy Gauthier, Instructor in French, demonstrates the equipment manufactured by Thompson-Ramo-Wooldridge Corp. to one of his French classes. Mr. Gauthier was one of the original Brock faculty members.

1977 Men's Varsity Crew

From left to right. Top: Sean Dowd, Dave Muirhead, Mike Thompson, Rick Cicchine, Mark Thomas, John Ahlstedt, Mark Reynolds, Tom Kent, and Tony Biernacki (Coach). Bottom: Bob Nguyen (Coxie).

Men's Rugby (1981-82)

Back Row: J.B. Owens, Ross Smith (Head Coach), Adam Frost, Derrick Harwood, Dave DeRose, Bill Arniel, Danny Mazor, Alan Ross, Randy McKeller, Pete McDougall, Ray D'Archi, Kelvin Oda, Mark Pelletier, Eric Thompson, Marty Houston, Ken White (Asst. Coach) Front Row: Peter Love, Chris Peskett, Duff Porteous, Bart Ward, Dave Sohmer, Gary Gautier, Ken Murray, Dave Tamowski, Steve Shaughnessy, Jeff Wood Absent: Alfred Esmaily, Luc Gignac, Fred Kovacs, Andrew Norman

From Fordism to neoconservatism : free trade and Canadian industrial policy in an era of globalism /

Nothing today affects the lives of people in countries throughout the industrialized and developing world as much as international trade. Nowhere is this more true than in Canada. Canada's involvement in international trade has a long history dating back to 1854 when it was a British colony. As a major trading country, Canada has always adopted a proactive industrial policy which has been largely responsible for its relative economic prosperi ty. But, wi th businesses now free to invest and divest under the terms of the CUFTA and the NAFTA, the most fundamental concerns for Canadians, in a borderless world, are what powers will the Canadian government have to shape industrial policy, and to what extent can Canada continue as a viable nationstate if it can no longer control its national economy? These are important concerns because, in world without borders, the adjustment process becomes more volatile and more difficult to manage. The CUFTA and the NAFTA not only create the rules for conducting trade, but they also establish a set of new rules for the Canadian government that will diminish its power. As a member of a new North American trading bloc, Canada will find itself subject to a set of forces requiring analysis beyond participation in a conventional free trade area. Because many of the traditional levers of government will now be subject to external control imposed by these agreements, Canada will not be able to mount certain policies in the future that it has relied on in the past. This reality limits the pro-active role of the Canadian state to use policies and programmes for the country's immediate national development. What this thesis attempts is an examination of the evolution of Canadian industrial policy, in effect, the transi tion from Fordism to Neoconservatism, and an assessment of Canada's future as a nation-state as it tries to find security and improved access in a free trade arrangement. Unless Canada takes steps to neutralize the asymmetry of power between itself and the United States through adjustment programmes, it is the contention of this thesis that its economic future is anything but stable.

The effects of quinpirole in eliciting 50 kHz calls from the rat nucleus accumbens /

Fifty kHz rat vocalizations are theorized to reflect a positive affective state, and index the reward value of stimuli (Knutson, Burgdorf & Panksepp, 2002; Panksepp & Burgdorf, 2003; Brudzynski,2005). Previous studies have identified the neurochemical substrate of this behaviour to be dependent on dopaminergic activity at the nucleus accumbens shell (Burgdorf, Knutson, Panksepp & Ikemoto, 2001; Thompson, Leonard & Brudzynski, 2006). The utilization of d-amphetamine (a non-selective dopamine agonist) in these studies does not address the specific dopamine receptor types involved. The present study aims to identify the role of the D2- like family of receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell in the production of 50 kHz vocalizations in adult rats. Single injections of quinpirole in a saline vehicle were administered to the nucleus accumbens shell of 57 rats, and the number of 50 kHz vocalizations were recorded. An inverted V-shaped relationship was found between quinpirole dose (0.5 ~g, 3 ~g, 6 ~g, 1 0 ~g and 20 ~g, all in 0.2~1 saline) and the mean number of 50 kHz calls produced. Quinpirole successfully elicited significantly more 50 kHz calls than did a saline control at the 6 ~g dose, as did 7 ~g/0.2 ~l of d-amphetamine injections into the same brain site. To test whether a selective D2 antagonist could reverse elicited 50 kHz calling, double injections were given that used either saline or raclopride as a pretreatment before quinpirole injections. Saline followed by 6 ~g/0.2 ~l of quinpirole elicited significantly more 50 kHz vocalizations than did a double injection of saline, while pretreatment with an equimolar dose of raclopride reduced elicited calls to control levels. Raclopride was also used as a pretreatment of 7 ~g/0.2 ~l d-amphetamine, which elicited significantly fewer 50 kHz vocalizations than saline followed by amphetamine, replicating the finding of Thompson, Leonard & Brudzynski (2006).Subcutaneous injections of 0.5 mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg of quinpirole produced a similar number of 50 kHz vocalizations as subcutaneous injection of saline. Wider dose ranges may be explored in fiiture research. Thus, direct activation of the Da-like receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell was sufficient to elicit 50 kHz vocalizations in adult rats, an effect which was reversed with selective local antagonism of Da-like receptors. The Da-like receptor family also appears necessary for pharmacological activation of 50 kHz calling, as d-amphetamine was no longer able to effectively elicit these vocalizations from the nucleus accumbens shell when the Da-receptor family was antagonized with raclopride. The acoustic parameters of elicited vocalizations remained typical of rat 50 kHz calls. Detailed analyses of the acoustic characteristics of elicited calls indicated significant increases in call duration and peak frequency across drug injection groups, particularly among quinpirole dose groups. The implications of these findings are not yet clear, but may represent an important direction for future research into the coding of semiotic content into affective signals in rats.

Onondaga chert : geological and palynological studies as applied to archaeology /

Cherts from the Middle Devonian Onondaga Formation of the Niagara Peninsula in Southern Ontario and Western New York State can now be distinguished from those of the Early Devonian Bois Blanc Formation of the same area based on differences in petrology, acritarchs, spores, and "Preservation Ratio" values. The finely crystalline, carbonate sediments of the Bois Blanc Formation were deposited under shallow, low energy conditions characterised by the acritarchs Leiofusa bacillum and L. minuta and a high relative abundance of the spore, Apiculiretusispora minor. The medio crystalline and bioclastic carbonate sediments of the Onondaga Formation were deposited under shallow, high energy conditions except for the finely crystalline lagoonal sediments of the Clarence Member which is characterised by the acritarchs Leiofusa navicula, L. sp. B, and L. tomaculata . The author has subdivided and correlated the Clarence Member of the Onondaga Formation using the "Preservation Ratio" values derived from the palynomorphs contained in the cherts. Clarence Member cherts were used by the Archaic people of the Niagara Peninsula for chipped-stone tools. The source area for the chert is considered to be the cobble beach deposits along the north shore of Lake Erie from Port Maitland to Nanticoke

Localization of the mechanism of pH-dependent non- photochemical fluorescence quenching in thylakoid membranes

Higher plants have evolved a well-conserved set of photoprotective mechanisms, collectively designated Non-Photochemical Quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (qN), to deal with the inhibitory absorption of excess light energy by the photosystems. Their main contribution originates from safe thermal deactivation of excited states promoted by a highly-energized thylakoid membrane, detected via lumen acidification. The precise origins of this energy- or LlpH-dependent quenching (qE), arising from either decreased energy transfer efficiency in PSII antennae (~ Young & Frank, 1996; Gilmore & Yamamoto, 1992; Ruban et aI., 1992), from alternative electron transfer pathways in PSII reaction centres (~ Schreiber & Neubauer, 1990; Thompson &Brudvig, 1988; Klimov et aI., 1977), or from both (Wagner et aI., 1996; Walters & Horton, 1993), are a source of considerable controversy. In this study, the origins of qE were investigated in spinach thylakoids using a combination of fluorescence spectroscopic techniques: Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM) fluorimetry, pump-probe fluorimetry for the measurement of PSII absorption crosssections, and picosecond fluorescence decay curves fit to a kinetic model for PSII. Quenching by qE (,..,600/0 of maximal fluorescence, Fm) was light-induced in circulating samples and the resulting pH gradient maintained during a dark delay by the lumenacidifying capabilities of thylakoid membrane H+ ATPases. Results for qE were compared to those for the addition of a known antenna quencher, 5-hydroxy-1,4naphthoquinone (5-0H-NQ), titrated to achieve the same degree of Fm quenching as for qE. Quenching of the minimal fluorescence yield, F0' was clear (8 to 130/0) during formation of qE, indicative of classical antenna quenching (Butler, 1984), although the degree was significantly less than that achieved by addition of 5-0H-NQ. Although qE induction resulted in an overall increase in absorption cross-section, unlike the decrease expected for antenna quenchers like the quinone, a larger increase in crosssection was observed when qE induction was attempted in thylakoids with collapsed pH gradients (uncoupled by nigericin), in the absence of xanthophyll cycle operation (inhibited by DTT), or in the absence of quenching (LlpH not maintained in the dark due to omission of ATP). Fluorescence decay curves exhibited a similar disparity between qE-quenched and 5-0H-NQ-quenched thylakoids, although both sets showed accelerated kinetics in the fastest decay components at both F0 and Fm. In addition, the kinetics of dark-adapted thylakoids were nearly identical to those in qEquenched samples at F0' both accelerated in comparison with thylakoids in which the redox poise of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex was randomized by exposure to low levels of background light (which allowed appropriate comparison with F0 yields from quenched samples). When modelled with the Reversible Radical Pair model for PSII (Schatz et aI., 1988), quinone quenching could be sufficiently described by increasing only the rate constant for decay in the antenna (as in Vasil'ev et aI., 1998), whereas modelling of data from qE-quenched thylakoids required changes in both the antenna rate constant and in rate constants for the reaction centre. The clear differences between qE and 5-0H-NQ quenching demonstrated that qE could not have its origins in the antenna alone, but is rather accompanied by reaction centre quenching. Defined mechanisms of reaction centre quenching are discussed, also in relation to the observed post-quenching depression in Fm associated with photoinhibition.

The effectiveness of a computer program on career planning for university students

This study investigated the effectiveness of a computer program, PERSONAL CAREER DIRECTIONS (PC DIRECTIONS) (Anderson, Welborn, & Wright, 1983) on career planning and exploration for twenty-four Brock University students (18 women and 6 men) who requested career planning assistance at the Career/Placement Services of the Counselling Centre. A one-group pretest/posttest design was used in the study_ Progress in career planning and exploration was measured by Career Planning (CP) and Career Exploration (CE) scales of the Career Development Inventory (College and University Form) (Super, Thompson, Lindeman, Jordaan, & Myers, 1981). A paired samples 2-tailed t test for Career Development Attitudes (CDA) , the combined CP and CE scales, revealed the posttest scores were significantly higher than the pretest scores, t(23) = 3.74, 2 < .001. Student progress was also assessed by self-report lists of job titles which reflected positive changes after students used PC DIRECTIONS. In response to several questions, students' attitudes were more positive than negative toward the program. Implications are that PC DIRECTIONS is an effective component in promoting career planning for university students. Further studies may reveal that different types of students may benefit from different interventions in the career planning process.

Learning styles and achievement in postsecondary classrooms

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between learning styles and academic achievement in postsecondary education. It was the intent of the study to establish if there was a relationship between student learning style, teacher style, learner/teacher matching and/or mismatching, student gender and age, to the academic grades of students. This study was basically a replication of a study completed by Mary J. Thompson and Terrance P. O'Brien in 1991 on two campuses of a southeast community college in the United States. In the present study, 243 students and 18 teachers from two different campuses of a community college in the Province of Ontario participated in the research. All participants were administered the Gregorc Style Delineator and students identified by program, age and gender. Data were tested by two analysis of variance (ANOVA) models. In the first ANOVA model considered in this study, significant main effects were manifested in regard to the teaching style, age group and gender. With the exception of gender, these findings were very similiar to those of the original study. Duncan's multiple range test revealed that Concrete Sequential (CS) teachers assigned significantly lower grades than did teachers dominant in any of the other three learning styles. Post hoc testing revealed that students 25 years of age and older received significantly higher grades than did younger students. Female students also received significantly higher grades than did male students. In the second ANOVA model student/teacher learning style match/mismatch did emerge as a significant main effect. However, Duncan's multiple range test and Chi square analysis did not substantiate the relationship. Forty-eight references are cited.

Comics carnet : the graphic novelist as global nomad

An interdisciplinary approach is used to identify a new graphic novel genre, 'comics camet', and its key features. The study situates comics camet in a historical context and shows it to be the result of a cross-pollination between the American and French comics traditions. Comics camet incorporates features from other literary genres: journalism, autobiography, ethnography and travel writing. Its creators, primarily European rriales, document their experiences visiting countries that Europe has traditionally defined as belonging to the 'East'. A visual and narrative analysis, using theoretical perspectives derived from cultural and postcolonial studies, examines how comics camet represents the non-European other and identifies the genre's ideological assumptions. Four representative texts are examined: Joe Sacco's Palestine (2001), Craig Thompson's, Camet de Voyage (2004), Guy Delisle's Pyongyang (2005) and Mrujane Satrpi's Persespolis 2 (2004). The study concludes that the comics camet genre simultaneously reinforces and challenges stereotypical assumptions about non-European people and places.

Social comparison and body image in non or infrequent exercisers and exercisers

Body image refers to an individual's internal representation ofhis/her outer self (Cash, 1994; Thompson, Heinberg, Altabe, & Tantleff-Dunn, 1999). It is a multidimensional construct which includes an individual's attitudes towards hislher own physical characteristics (Bane & McAuley, 1998; Cash, 1994; Cash, 2004; Davison & McCabe, 2005; Muth & Cash, 1997; Sabiston, Crocker, & Munroe-Chandler, 2005). Social comparison is the process of thinking about the self in relation to others in order to determine if one's opinions and abilities are adequate and to assess one's social status (Festinger, 1954; Wood, 1996). Research investigating the role of social comparisons on body image has provided some information on the types and nature of the comparisons that are made. The act of making social comparisons may have a negative impact on body image (van den Berg et ai., 2007). Although exercise may improve body image, the impact of social comparisons in exercise settings may be less positive, and there may be differences in the social comparison tendencies between non or infrequent exercisers and exercisers. The present study examined the nature of social comparisons that female collegeaged non or infrequent exercisers and exercisers made with respect to their bodies, and the relationship of these social comparisons to body image attitudes. Specifically, the frequency and direction of comparisons on specific tal-gets and body dimensions were examined in both non or infrequent exercisers and exercisers. Finally, the relationship between body-image attitudes and the frequency and direction with which body-related social comparisons were made for non or infrequent exercisers and exercisers were examined. One hundred and fifty-two participants completed the study (n = 70 non or ill infrequent exercisers; n = 82 exercisers). Participants completed measures of social physique anxiety (SPA), body dissatisfaction, body esteem, body image cognitions, leisure time physical activity, and social comparisons. Results suggested that both groups (non or infrequent exercisers and exercisers) generally made social comparisons and most frequently made comparisons with same-sex friends, and least frequently with same-sex parents. Also, both groups made more appearance-related comparisons than non-appearance-related comparisons. Further, both groups made more negative comparisons with almost all targets. However, non or infrequent exercisers generally made more negative comparisons on all body dimensions, while exercisers made negative comparisons only on weight and body shape dimensions. MANOV As were conducted to examine if any differences on social comparisons between the two groups existed. Results of the MANOVAs indicated that frequency of comparisons with targets, the frequency of comparisons on body dimensions, and direction of comparisons with targets did not differ based on exercise status. However, the direction of comparison of specific body dimensions revealed a significant (F (7, 144) = 3.26,p < .05; 1]2 = .132) difference based on exercise status. Follow-up ANOVAs showed significant differences on five variables: physical attractiveness (F (1, 150) = 6.33,p < .05; 1]2 = .041); fitness (F(l, 150) = 11.89,p < .05; 1]2 = .073); co-ordination (F(I, 150) = 5.61,p < .05; 1]2 = .036); strength (F(I, dO) = 12.83,p < .05; 1]2 = .079); muscle mass or tone (F(l, 150) = 17.34,p < .05; 1]2 = 1.04), with exercisers making more positive comparisons than non or infrequent exercisers. The results from the regression analyses for non or infrequent exercisers showed appearance orientation was a significant predictor of the frequency of social comparisons N (B = .429, SEB = .154, /3 = .312,p < .01). Also, trait body image measures accounted for significant variance in the direction of social comparisons (F(9, 57) = 13.43,p < .001, R2adj = .68). Specifically, SPA (B = -.583, SEB = .186, /3 = -.446,p < .01) and body esteem-weight concerns (B = .522, SEB = .207, /3 = .432,p < .01) were significant predictors of the direction of comparisons. For exercisers, regressions revealed that specific trait measures of body image significantly predicted the frequency of comparisons (F(9, 71) = 8.67,p < .001, R2adj = .463). Specifically, SPA (B = .508, SEB = .147, /3 = .497,p < .01) and appearance orientation (B = .457, SEB = .134, /3 = .335,p < .01) were significant predictors of the frequency of social comparisons. Lastly, for exercisers, the results for the regression of body image measures on the direction of social comparisons were also significant (F(9, 70) = 14.65,p < .001, R2adj = .609) with body dissatisfaction (B = .368, SEB = .143, /3 = .362,p < .05), appearan.ce orientation (B = .256, SEB = .123, /3 = .175,p < .05), and fitness orientation (B = .423, SEB = .194, /3 = .266,p < .05) significant predictors of the direction of social comparison. The results indicated that young women made frequent social comparisons regardless of exercise status. However, exercisers m,a de more positive comparisons on all the body dimensions than non or infrequent exercisers. Also, certain trait body image measures may be good predictors of one's body comp~son tendencies. However, the measures which predict comparison tendencies may be different for non or infrequent exercisers and exercisers. Future research should examine the effects of social comparisons in different populations (i.e., males, the obese, older adults, etc.). Implications for practice and research were discussed.

Mechanisms for sustainable accountability : a case study of a nonprofit educational organization

A qualitative case study of the capacity to be accountable in one nonprofit intennediary educational organization yielded an emergent conceptual framework of four mechanisms: structural, governing, communicative, and educative mechanisms to build and sustain the capacity of accountability. Drawing attention to the purposeful creation of structures that support accountability, purposeful navigation of the complex matrix of accountability relationships, and purposeful transfer of knowledge to infonn future accountability, this study calls for mindfulness in practice in broader educational contexts. Protocols to pass on knowledge gained in building the four capacities reveal a new dimension of accountability: continuity. In this model, the educative mechanism is the life force that feeds the other three mechanisms to increase accountability and sustain it over time.