894 resultados para Shifting Interior


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This paper addresses two aspects of the behavior of interior reinforced concrete waffle flat plate?column connections under lateral loads: the share of the unbalanced moment between flexure and excentric shear, and the effect of the transverse beams. A non-linear finite element model (benchmark model) was developed and calibrated with the results of quasi-static cyclic tests conducted on a 3/5 scale specimen. First, from this numerical model, the portion cv of the unbalanced moment transferred by the excentricity of shear about the centroid of the critical sections defined by Eurocode 2 (EC-2) and by ACI 318-11 was calculated and compared with the share-out prescribed by these codes. It is found that while the critical section of EC-2 is consistent with the cv provided by this code, in the case of ACI 318-11, the value assigned to cv is far below (about 50% smaller) the actual one obtained with the numerical simulations. Second, from the benchmark model, seven additional models were developed by varying the depth D of the transverse beam over the thickness h of the plate. It was found that the ductility of the connection and the effective width of the plate can respectively be increased up to 50% and 10% by raising D/h to 2 and 1.5.

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Evaluation of three solar and daylighting control systems based on Calumen II, Ecotect and Radiance simulation programs to obtain an energy efficient and healthy interior in the experimental building prototype SDE10

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In the late 60s it had become clear how the environment technification had allowed some typologies (supermarkets, car parks, factories) to reach potentially unlimited built depths becoming, therefore, independent from the outside. The No-Stop City is born from a very simple idea: to extend this technification to the totality of built reality encompassing, not only almost all functions, but ultimately, the whole city. This operation has paradoxical effects: as architecture grows, it loses most of the features that have traditionally defined it. A dissolution by hypertrophy that gives rise to an homogeneous, concave and potentially infinite space. But beyond the pure technical feasibility, there are two key influences, seemingly contradictory, that explain this endeavor for an interior and endless city: Marxism and Pop Art. The project is, in many senses, a built manifesto reflecting the militancy of the group members within the Italian Marxism. But it is also the embodiment of the groups declared interest in Pop Art, popular culture and mass society. The cross-influence of communism and consumerism explains this "quantitative utopia" in which the society and the factory, the production and consumption, would match. A city based on the centrality of consumer products and the subsequent loss of prominence of architecture, in which the urban phenomenon, while spreading endlessly over territory, ignoring its rural exteriority, dissolves the home as a sphere of privacy, ignoring its domestic interiority. A project, also in the wake of Marshall McLuhan, that illustrates like few others the conversion of the urbane into a virtually omnipresent "condition" and that still interrogates us with questions that are, on the other hand, eternal: What is a building? What is a city?

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Durante de la fecunda obra de Palazuelo, existen sendos viajes cruciales tanto para su formación como para la evolución de su obra. In 1933, continuó sus estudios arquitectónicos en la School of Arts and Crafts of the city of Oxford, donde el pintor español recibió la formación que le permitió adquirir no sólo nuevas herramientas gráficas, sino también un método proyectual que implementó a lo largo de su producción. El segundo viaje iniciático se produjo en Paría, donde aplicó las enseñanzas aprendidas en su incipiente carrera artística. Para ilustrar ambos momentos, el presente texto desvela archivos gráficos inéditos procedentes de los fondos de la Fundación Palazuelo que estuve catalogando. During Palazuelo successful career, two trips were crucial turning points for both his formation and the evolution of his work. In 1933, he continued his architectural studies at the School of Arts and Crafts of the city of Oxford, were this Spanish painter received an education that allowed him not only endow new graphical tools, but also a procedural method he implemented throughout his production. The second initiation voyage took place in Paris, where he applied the lessons learned in his fledgling artistic career. To illustrate both moments this text unveils unpublished graphic files from Palazuelo Foundation that I catalogued.

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La introducción de la automatización de servicios en los edificios de vivienda comenzó a implementarse a finales del siglo XX. Desde entonces, los edificios que incluyen instalaciones completas de automatización suelen conocerse como edificios domotizados o edificios inteligentes e implican la introducción en la arquitectura de tecnologías que hasta la fecha eran ajenas a ésta. El diseño de estos nuevos edificios de viviendas implica cada vez más el trabajo de equipos multidisciplinares y exige por parte del arquitecto la adquisición de nuevos conocimientos y herramientas proyectuales que aseguren la viabilidad constructiva de dichos servicios de automatización doméstica. La presente tesis tiene como objetivo determinar la influencia de la automatización de servicios domésticos en la fase de proyecto constructivo de los edificios para finalmente ofrecer al arquitecto herramientas, criterios y una metodología que le ayude a proyectar estos edificios satisfactoriamente. Esta influencia se evalúa y determina en función de los condicionantes constructivos, que se definen como aquellas consideraciones que el proyectista puede tener en cuenta en la fase de diseño o de concepción de un edificio. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación incluye el análisis conceptual y de contenidos de documentos normativos, técnicos, y de investigación así como un estudio de mercado de las aplicaciones más habituales en domótica. Finalmente la investigación se centra en la envolvente interior del edificio para determinar la influencia de los servicios de domotización no convencionales en el proyecto arquitectónico. Al margen de las aportaciones teóricas de esta investigación, las cuales se han propuesto para afianzar el marco teórico de la disciplina, los resultados obtenidos constatan que dicha influencia en la fase de proyecto existe y que es posible detectar qué condicionantes constructivos se derivan de la normativa de aplicación en este tipo de proyectos, de las nuevas tecnologías implicadas en las instalaciones de automatización y de los esfuerzos de estandarización de las asociaciones de empresas en el campo de la domótica. ABSTRACT The automation of services in residential buildings (also called home automation) began to be implemented in the late twentieth century. Since then, those buildings with full automation services are often known as intelligent buildings or smart buildings, and they imply the introduction into the architecture of technologies that where foreign to the field until then. The design of these new residential buildings increasingly involves the need of multidisciplinary teams and requires the architect to acquire new knowledge and project tools in order to ensure the constructability of such home automation services. This thesis pretends to determine the impact and influence of the introduction of home automation services in the design stage of residential buildings in order to, finally, provide the architect with the tools, criteria and methodology to help him design such projects successfully. This impact is evaluated and determined by the constructive constraints or factors implied, which are defined as those considerations that the designer may take into account in the conception and design stage of the project. The methodology used in this research includes conceptual and content analysis applied to normative and technical documents, regulatory standards and research papers, as well as a market survey of the most common applications and services in home automation. Finally, the investigation focuses on the inner partitions of the building to determine the influence of unconventional domotics services in the architectural design. Besides the theoretical contributions of this research, which have been proposed to strengthen the theoretical framework of the discipline, the achieved results find that such influence in the design stage exists and that it is possible to detect which constructive constraints are derived from the application of building regulations, from the new technologies involved in home automation facilities or from the standardization efforts of the joint ventures in the field of home automation.

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Arquitectura española contemporánea. El proyecto de reforma interior en Madrid del Sr. Oriol

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Estampado en la misma hoja con: "Plano de la Lonja de Valencia"

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En los últimos años, y a la luz de los retos a los que se enfrenta la sociedad, algunas voces están urgiendo a dejar atrás los paradigmas modernos —eficiencia y rendimiento— que sustentan a las llamadas prácticas sostenibles, y están alentando a repensar, en el contexto de los cambios científicos y culturales, una agenda termodinámica y ecológica para la arquitectura. La cartografía que presenta esta tesis doctoral se debe de entender en este contexto. Alineándose con esta necesidad, se esfuerza por dar a este empeño la profundidad histórica de la que carece. De este modo, el esfuerzo por dotar a la arquitectura de una agenda de base científica, se refuerza con una discusión cultural sobre el progresivo empoderamiento de las ideas termodinámicas en la arquitectura. Esta cartografía explora la historia de las ideas termodinámicas en la arquitectura desde el principio del siglo XX hasta la actualidad. Estudia, con el paso de los sistemas en equilibrio a los alejados del equilibrio como trasfondo, como las ideas termodinámicas han ido infiltrándose gradualmente en la arquitectura. Este esfuerzo se ha planteado desde un doble objetivo. Primero, adquirir una distancia crítica respecto de las prácticas modernas, de modo que se refuerce y recalibre el armazón intelectual y las herramientas sobre las que se está apoyando esta proyecto termodinámico. Y segundo, desarrollar una aproximación proyectual sobre la que se pueda fundamentar una agenda termodinámica para la arquitectura, asunto que se aborda desde la firme creencia de que es posible una re-descripción crítica de la realidad. De acuerdo con intercambios de energía que se dan alrededor y a través de un edificio, esta cartografía se ha estructurado en tres entornos termodinámicos, que sintetizan mediante un corte transversal la variedad de intercambios de energía que se dan en la arquitectura: -Cualquier edificio, como constructo espacial y material inmerso en el medio, intercambia energía mediante un flujo bidireccional con su contexto, definiendo un primer entorno termodinámico al que se denomina atmósferas territoriales. -En el interior de los edificios, los flujos termodinámicos entre la arquitectura y su ambiente interior definen un segundo entorno termodinámico, atmósferas materiales, que explora las interacciones entre los sistemas materiales y la atmósfera interior. -El tercer entorno termodinámico, atmosferas fisiológicas, explora los intercambios de energía que se dan entre el cuerpo humano y el ambiente invisible que lo envuelve, desplazando el objeto de la arquitectura desde el marco físico hacia la interacción entre la atmósfera y los procesos somáticos y percepciones neurobiológicas de los usuarios. A través de estos tres entornos termodinámicos, esta cartografía mapea aquellos patrones climáticos que son relevantes para la arquitectura, definiendo tres situaciones espaciales y temporales sobre las que los arquitectos deben actuar. Estudiando las conexiones entre la atmósfera, la energía y la arquitectura, este mapa presenta un conjunto de ideas termodinámicas disponibles —desde los parámetros de confort definidos por la industria del aire acondicionado hasta las técnicas de acondicionamiento pasivo— que, para ser efectivas, necesitan ser evaluadas, sintetizadas y recombinadas a la luz de los retos de nuestro tiempo. El resultado es un manual que, mediando entre la arquitectura y la ciencia, y a través de este relato histórico, acorta la distancia entre la arquitectura y la termodinámica, preparando el terreno para la definición de una agenda termodinámica para el proyecto de arquitectura. A este respecto, este mapa se entiende como uno de los pasos necesarios para que la arquitectura recupere la capacidad de intervenir en la acuciante realidad a la que se enfrenta. ABSTRACT During the last five years, in the light of current challenges, several voices are urging to leave behind the modern energy paradigms —efficiency and performance— on which the so called sustainable practices are relying, and are posing the need to rethink, in the light of the scientific and cultural shifts, the thermodynamic and ecological models for architecture. The historical cartography this PhD dissertation presents aligns with this effort, providing the cultural background that this endeavor requires. The drive to ground architecture on a scientific basis needs to be complemented with a cultural discussion of the history of thermodynamic ideas in architecture. This cartography explores the history of thermodynamic ideas in architecture, from the turn of the 20th century until present day, focusing on the energy interactions between architecture and atmosphere. It surveys the evolution of thermodynamic ideas —the passage from equilibrium to far from equilibrium thermodynamics— and how these have gradually empowered within design and building practices. In doing so, it has posed a double-objective: first, to acquire a critical distance with modern practices which strengthens and recalibrates the intellectual framework and the tools in which contemporary architectural endeavors are unfolding; and second, to develop a projective approach for the development a thermodynamic agenda for architecture and atmosphere, with the firm belief that a critical re-imagination of reality is possible. According to the different systems which exchange energy across a building, the cartography has been structured in three particular thermodynamic environments, providing a synthetic cross-section of the range of thermodynamic exchanges which take place in architecture: -Buildings, as spatial and material constructs immersed in the environment, are subject to a contiuous bidirectional flow of energy with its context, defining a the first thermodynamic environment called territorial atmospheres. -Inside buildings, the thermodynamic flow between architecture and its indoor ambient defines a second thermodynamic environment, material atmospheres, which explores the energy interactions between the indoor atmosphere and its material systems. -The third thermodynamic environment, physiological atmospheres, explores the energy exchanges between the human body and the invisible environment which envelopes it, shifting design drivers from building to the interaction between the atmosphere and the somatic processes and neurobiological perceptions of users. Through these three thermodynamic environments, this cartography maps those climatic patterns which pertain to architecture, providing three situations on which designers need to take stock. Studying the connections between atmosphere, energy and architecture this map presents, not a historical paradigm shift from mechanical climate control to bioclimatic passive techniques, but a range of available thermodynamic ideas which need to be assessed, synthesized and recombined in the light of the emerging challenges of our time. The result is a manual which, mediating between architecture and science, and through this particular historical account, bridges the gap between architecture and thermodynamics, paving the way to a renewed approach to atmosphere, energy and architecture. In this regard this cartography is understood as one of the necessary steps to recuperate architecture’s lost capacity to intervene in the pressing reality of contemporary societies.

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Frente a la colmatación indiscriminada de los territorios colindantes, emerge la posibilidad de realizar acciones concretas sobre el tejido urbano consolidado, recuperando espacios olvidados para dotarlos de nuevas cualidades. El objetivo del trabajo es estudiar el potencial de transformación de los interiores de manzana en lugares de relación entre los ciudadanos a través del estudio de tres casos de vivienda colectiva y descubrir los mecanismos proyectivos que impulsan las nuevas relaciones entre el ámbito público de la ciudad y el colectivo de la vivienda, cambiando así la percepción de que nada interesante ocurre en áreas de transición entre la calle, la vivienda y el interior de la manzana. ABSTRACT. Facing the indiscriminate fouling adjacent territories, it rises the possibility of acting on the consolidated urban fabric, recovering forgotten spaces to give them new qualities. The aim of this work is to study the potential of transforming the block interiors in places of relationship between citizens through the study of three cases of collective housing and find projective mechanisms that drive the new relationship between the public realm of the city and the collective sphere of housing, thus changing the perception that nothing interesting happens in areas of transition between the street, the housing and the interior of the block.

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Sign.: []4, b4, A-Z4, 2A-2L4