Peripheral responses to attended and unattended angry prosody: a dichotic listening paradigm.

We investigated the effects of angry prosody, varying focus of attention, and laterality of presentation of angry prosody on peripheral nervous system activity. Participants paid attention to either their left or their right ear while performing a sex discrimination task on dichotically presented pseudo-words. These pseudo-words were characterized by either angry or neutral prosody and presented stereophonically (anger/neutral, neutral/anger, or neutral/neutral, for the left/right ear, respectively). Reaction times and physiological responses (heart period, skin conductance, finger and forehead temperature) in this study were differentially sensitive to the effects of anger versus neutral prosody, varying focus of attention, and laterality of presentation of angry prosody.

The European Network for Translational Research in Atrial Fibrillation (EUTRAF): objectives and initial results

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia in the general population. As an age-related arrhythmia AF is becoming a huge socio-economic burden for European healthcare systems. Despite significant progress in our understanding of the pathophysiology of AF, therapeutic strategies for AF have not changed substantially and the major challenges in the management of AF are still unmet. This lack of progress may be related to the multifactorial pathogenesis of atrial remodelling and AF that hampers the identification of causative pathophysiological alterations in individual patients. Also, again new mechanisms have been identified and the relative contribution of these mechanisms still has to be established. In November 2010, the European Union launched the large collaborative project EUTRAF (European Network of Translational Research in Atrial Fibrillation) to address these challenges. The main aims of EUTRAF are to study the main mechanisms of initiation and perpetuation of AF, to identify the molecular alterations underlying atrial remodelling, to develop markers allowing to monitor this processes, and suggest strategies to treat AF based on insights in newly defined disease mechanisms. This article reports on the objectives, the structure, and initial results of this network.

Die Blutzeugen der deutschen Volkserhebung, oder Scenen aus dem tragischen Ende der neu'sten Volksaufstände in Deutschland

Boberach: Knappen Darstellungen der Ereignisse in Baden, der Pfalz und Dresden 1849 und der Wiener Oktoberrevolution 1848 folgen Beiträge über Max Dortu, Gustav Schlöffel, Blum, August Bernigau, Messenhäuser [sic!], Lamartine, Bem, Graf Batthyani, Struve, Greiner, P. Fries, Reichard, Hepp, Hanitz, Nikolaus Schmitt, Cullmann [sic!], Goldmark, d'Ester, Franz Umbscheiden, Blenker, Raquillet [sic!], Sznayder [sic!], Zitz, Eisenstuck, Crzeriak, Fr. Ludwig Krahn, Dr. Sander, Jodokus Temme, Schulze-Delitzsch, Carl Vogt; eingefügt sind Briefe und Aufzeichnungen über die Prozesse in Rastatt, die Prager Unruhen im Juni 1848, die Kämpfe in Ungarn und die Lage der Emigranten, ferner Gedichte, u.a. von Herwegh

[Diagnosis and Treatment of Spondylodiscitis/Spondylitis in Clinical Practice].

BACKGROUND The clinical presentation of spondylsodiscitis/spondylitis are manifold. This commonly leads to a period of several months from initial symptoms to final diagnosis. A standardised treatment is difficult. The purpose of this study is to investigate the treatment carried out for patients with spondylodiscitis or spondylitis to develop an individualised standard care for better treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data of 90 patients were retrospective analysed. In particular documented data of the initial examination and the following treatments concerning identification of causes and systematically control of pathogens were examined. RESULTS In 91 % of patients a diagnostically conclusive MRI was conducted. The degree of spondylidiscitis/spondylitis was mainly ASA criteria I or II (86 %). In 96 % of patients different diagnostic methods for identification of pathogens were conducted and documented. RESULTS confirmed the most common pathogens mentioned in the literature. 75 % of patients were treated by surgery. In 93 % of patients an antibiotic treatment was documented. 50 patients (81 %) were successfully healed. CONCLUSION It is important to identify and treat spondylodiscitis/spondylitis as early as possible. Diagnosis by means of blood culture and MRI and treatment of the infection with antibiotics and possibly surgical interventions seem be very suitable, but need to be individualised to each and every patient.

Die Wanderheuschrecke und deren Vernichtung

Ludwig Sander

Die Wanderheuschrecke und deren Vernichtung

Ludwig Sander

The unruptured intracranial aneurysm treatment score: a multidisciplinary consensus.

OBJECTIVE We endeavored to develop an unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) treatment score (UIATS) model that includes and quantifies key factors involved in clinical decision-making in the management of UIAs and to assess agreement for this model among specialists in UIA management and research. METHODS An international multidisciplinary (neurosurgery, neuroradiology, neurology, clinical epidemiology) group of 69 specialists was convened to develop and validate the UIATS model using a Delphi consensus. For internal (39 panel members involved in identification of relevant features) and external validation (30 independent external reviewers), 30 selected UIA cases were used to analyze agreement with UIATS management recommendations based on a 5-point Likert scale (5 indicating strong agreement). Interrater agreement (IRA) was assessed with standardized coefficients of dispersion (vr*) (vr* = 0 indicating excellent agreement and vr* = 1 indicating poor agreement). RESULTS The UIATS accounts for 29 key factors in UIA management. Agreement with UIATS (mean Likert scores) was 4.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.1-4.3) per reviewer for both reviewer cohorts; agreement per case was 4.3 (95% CI 4.1-4.4) for panel members and 4.5 (95% CI 4.3-4.6) for external reviewers (p = 0.017). Mean Likert scores were 4.2 (95% CI 4.1-4.3) for interventional reviewers (n = 56) and 4.1 (95% CI 3.9-4.4) for noninterventional reviewers (n = 12) (p = 0.290). Overall IRA (vr*) for both cohorts was 0.026 (95% CI 0.019-0.033). CONCLUSIONS This novel UIA decision guidance study captures an excellent consensus among highly informed individuals on UIA management, irrespective of their underlying specialty. Clinicians can use the UIATS as a comprehensive mechanism for indicating how a large group of specialists might manage an individual patient with a UIA.

Ein Vorschlag zur wirthschaftlichen Erschließung Deutsch-Südwestafrikas

von Sander

Dictionnaire hébreu-français : contenant 1. La nomenclature et la traduction de tous les mots hébreux et chaldéens contenus dans la bible et dans le rituel des prières journalières ...

N. Ph. Sander et I. Trenel