Sistema de reprodução, parentesco e tamanho efetivo em sementes de polinização livre de populações fragmentadas de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. por análise de locos microssatélites

Anthropogenic changes in the reproductive population density can affect the mating system and result in an increase in selfing and correlated matings. This study investigated the mating system in small fragmented populations of the insect pollinated tropical tree species Copaifera langsdorffii, using microsatellite loci and the mixed and correlated mating models. Open-pollinated seeds were collected from 15 seed-trees located in a small forest fragment (4.8 ha), denominated Bosque and from 14 other seed-trees located in other small forest fragments of the north-western region of São Paulo State. No significant differences were observed between the seed-trees from Bosque (tm=0.933±0.028) and other fragments (tm=0.971±0.032), although these estimates were significantly different from 1.0, suggesting that selfing was occurring. Differences between multilocus and unilocus outcrossing rate were significantly high in both seed-trees of Bosque (tm -ts=0.478±0.05) and other forest fragments (tm -ts=0.475±0.018), suggesting a spatial genetic structure in those stands. The results also showed high rates of correlated mating in the samples, indicating that a good part of the offspring were full-sibs. As a consequence of selfing, mating among relatives and correlated matings, the coancestry within families was equally high in the seed-trees of Bosque ((Θ=0.237) and in the seed-trees of the other forest fragments (Θ=0.241) and the effective population size was lower than expected in panmitic populations (Ne<4). The results were discussed, focusing on the sample size of seed-trees to collect seeds for genetic conservation and enviromental reforestation.

Política económica y procesos de desarrollo: la experiencia argentina entre 1976 y 1981

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Cooperación económica entre Brasil y el Grupo Andino: el caso de los minerales y metales no-ferrosos

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Crisis económica internacional y su repercusión en América Latina

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Estabilización y liberalización económica en el Cono Sur

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Planificación y la política económica en América Latina y el Caribe, 1980-1982

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De la previsión económica a la previsión de mano de obra; aplicación a la Argentina

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Agonistas do GnRH, antagonistas do GnRH e a reprodução assistida: Análogos do GnRH x fertilização in vitro

The agonists of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) were introduced in ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization to avoid a premature surge of luteinizing hormone. Although they are accompanied by some disadvantages, GnRH agonists have become well accepted in clinical practice, and their use is associated with increased rates of pregnancy. The development of GnRH antagonists capable of blocking the pituitary immediately offered a therapeutic option. Comparative studies between the two analogs have suggested that the use of antagonists is associated with a shorter duration of ovulatory stimulus and a decreased incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, while the type of GnRH analogues used show no significant effects on the rates of pregnancy and live birth. However, GnRH agonists have other applications in assisted reproductive technology cycles than the pituitary downregulation.

Metodología de evaluación de los recursos naturales para la planificación económica y social

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La evolución económica del Japón y su impacto en América Latina = The economic evolution of Japan and its impact on Latin America

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Perú 1968-1977: política económica en un proceso de cambio global

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Las proyecciones de población y la estructura económica y social

Analiza las necesidades en cuanto a proyecciones de población para la planificación en Colombia.

Cambios en el empleo, la edad de jubilación y la fecundidad: sus repercusiones sobre la dependencia económica y el ingreso per cápita

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Tendencias de la formación y la disolución marital frente a la crisis económica en México

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