Technology News, July 1994

Technology News is a newsletter produced by the Iowa Department of Transportation to provide information to the transportation specialist in Iowa's cities and counties. Technology News is one of CTRE's primary avenues for exchanging transportation-related information with local agencies. The bimonthly newsletter gives an up-to-date look to the up-to-date information our 2,500+ readers have grown to expect.

Technology News, June 1994

Technology News is a newsletter produced by the Iowa Department of Transportation to provide information to the transportation specialist in Iowa's cities and counties. Technology News is one of CTRE's primary avenues for exchanging transportation-related information with local agencies. The bimonthly newsletter gives an up-to-date look to the up-to-date information our 2,500+ readers have grown to expect.

Technology News, March 1994

Technology News is a newsletter produced by the Iowa Department of Transportation to provide information to the transportation specialist in Iowa's cities and counties. Technology News is one of CTRE's primary avenues for exchanging transportation-related information with local agencies. The bimonthly newsletter gives an up-to-date look to the up-to-date information our 2,500+ readers have grown to expect.

Technology News, October 1994

Technology News is a newsletter produced by the Iowa Department of Transportation to provide information to the transportation specialist in Iowa's cities and counties. Technology News is one of CTRE's primary avenues for exchanging transportation-related information with local agencies. The bimonthly newsletter gives an up-to-date look to the up-to-date information our 2,500+ readers have grown to expect.

Efeito do retardamento da secagem na qualidade fisiológica de sementes armazenadas de azevém anual

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do retardamento da secagem e do armazenamento aberto na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), cultivar Comum-RS. Compararam-se períodos de retardamento da secagem (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 36 e 48 horas) e períodos de armazenamento (0, 4 e 8 meses). Enquanto submetidas aos períodos de retardamento da secagem, 24 kg de sementes ficaram acondicionadas em 18 caixas de poliestireno. A secagem foi realizada sobre piso de concreto, à sombra, por 12 horas, sendo completada em estufa a 35ºC com circulação forçada de ar. As sementes mantiveram o nível inicial de germinação durante os oito meses de armazenamento, mesmo com até 12 horas de retardamento da secagem; entretanto, com seis horas de retardamento, o vigor das sementes foi reduzido aos oito meses de armazenamento, mas se manteve praticamente inalterado aos quatro meses, com até 11 horas de retardamento. Sementes com germinação acima de 70% mantiveram este valor até oito meses de armazenamento, independentemente do período de retardamento da secagem.

Summary of FY 1995 Budget and Governor's Recommendations, January 1994

The purpose of this document is to provide the General Assembly with information related to FY General Fund estimated receipts and the Governor’s recommendations. This information provides an overall summary of the State budget and is intended to help the General Assembly take a proactive approach toward the budgeting process.

State of Iowa FY 1994 Governor's Recommendations Summary, January 1993

The purpose of this document is to provide the General Assembly with information related to FY General Fund estimated receipts and the Governor’s recommendations. This information provides an overall summary of the State budget and is intended to help the General Assembly take a proactive approach toward the budgeting process.

Are we living longer but less healthy? Trends in mortality and morbidity in Catalonia (Spain), 1994-2011

Evidence on trends in prevalence of disease and disability can clarify whether countries are experiencing a compression or expansion of morbidity. An expansion of morbidity as indicated by disease have appeared in Europe and other developed regions. It is likely that better treatment, preventive measures and increases in education levels have contributed to the declines in mortality and increments in life expectancy. This paper examines whether there has been an expansion of morbidity in Catalonia (Spain). It uses trends in mortality and morbidity from major causes of death and links of these with survival to provide estimates of life expectancy with and without diseases and functioning loss. We use a repeated cross-sectional health survey carried out in 1994 and 2011 for measures of morbidity; mortality information comes from the Spanish National Statistics Institute. Our findings show that at age 65 the percentage of life with disease increased from 52% to 70% for men, and from 56% to 72% for women; the expectation of life unable to function increased from 24% to 30% for men and 40% to 47% for women between 1994 and 2011. These changes were attributable to increases in the prevalences of diseases and moderate functional limitation. Overall, we find an expansion of morbidity along the period. Increasing survival among people with diseases can lead to a higher prevalence of diseases in the older population. Higher prevalence of health problems can lead to greater pressure on the health care system and a growing burden of disease for individuals.

Ganho genético decorrente da substituição anual de cultivares de milho

Cultivares de milho (Zea mays) são normalmente substituídas alguns anos após a indicação para cultivo. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram desenvolver e avaliar um teste de hipótese para determinar se as substituições anuais de cultivares, nos ensaios de competição de cultivares indicadas de milho, resultam em ganho genético para produtividade de grãos. Os ensaios de competição de cultivares de milho superprecoce, precoce e normal foram conduzidos nos anos agrícolas de 1998/1999, 1999/2000, 2000/2001 e 2001/2002. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Cada parcela foi formada por duas fileiras de 5 m de comprimento, com espaçamento de 0,8 m. O ganho genético, quanto à produtividade de grãos, foi estimado pelo método proposto por Vencovsky et al., e a significância verificada pelo teste de hipótese proposto neste trabalho. As substituições anuais de cultivares de milho são dinâmicas e nem sempre resultam em ganho genético para produtividade de grãos.

Totes les vacances són diferents. És més beneficiós fer el descans anual sempre a la mateixa època i recordar-lo

Les vacances, el descans mensual, ens influeixen des del punt de vista psicològic i fisiològic, en vista de dos treballs científics recents que analitzen minuciosament els seus efectes.

Image Analysis of PCC and AC Pavements Using SEM Images, HR-346, 1994

The major objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of image analysis for characterizing air voids in Portland cement Concrete (PCC), voids and constituents of Asphalt Concrete (AC) and aggregate gradation in AC. Images for analysis were obtained from a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Sample preparation techniques are presented that enhance signal differences so that backscattered electron (BSE) imaging, which is sensitive to atomic number changes, can be effectively employed. Work with PCC and AC pavement core samples has shown that the low vacuum scanning electron microscope (LVSEM) is better suited towards rapid analyses. The conventional high vacuum SEM can also be used for AC and PCC analyses but some distortion within the sample matrix will occur. Images with improved resolution can be obtained from scanning electron microscope (SEM) backscatter electron (BSE) micrographs. In a BSE image, voids filled with barium sulfate/resin yield excellent contrast in both PCC and AC. There is a good correlation between percent of air by image analysis and linear traverse.

Precast Concrete Panel Thickness for Epoxy-Coated Prestressing Strands, Volume 2, HR-353, 1994

This final report for Phase 1 of the research on epoxy-coated, prestressing strands in precast prestressed concrete (PC) panels has been published in two volumes. Volume 1--Technical Report contains the problem description, literature review, and survey results; descriptions of the test specimens, experimental tests, and analytical models; discussions of the analytical and experimental results; summary, conclusions, and recommendations; list of references; and acknowledgments. Volume 2--Supplemental Report contains additional information in the form of appendix material for Volume 1 on the questionnaires, strand forces, geometry of the specimens, concrete crack patterns that formed in the strand transfer length and strand development length specimens, concrete strains in the strand transfer length specimens, and load-point deflections and strand-slip measurements for the strand development length specimens. Appendix A contains the questionnaires that were sent to the design agencies and precast concrete producers. A summary of the results to the questions on the surveys are given as the number of respondents who provided the same answers and as paraphrased comments from the respondents. Appendix B contains graphs of strand force versus time, strand force versus temperature, and strand force versus strand cutting sequence for the concrete castings. Appendix C contains figures that show the location of each specimen in the prestress bed, the geometrical configurations for the strand transfer length (T-type) specimens and strand development length (D-type) specimens, and the concrete cracks that developed in some of the T-type specimens when they were prestressed. Appendix D contains figures that show the concrete cracks that developed in the D-type specimens during the strand development length tests. For each of these tests, the sequence of the failure for the specimen is specified. Appendix E contains graphs of concrete strain versus distance from the end of the T-type specimens that were instrumented with internal embedment strain gages. Appendix F contains graphs of load versus load-point deflection and load versus strand-slip for the strand development length tests of the D-type specimens.

The Role of Magnesium in Concrete Deterioration, HR-355, Appendix, 1994

In the main report concerning the role that magnesium may have in highway concrete aggregate, over 20,000 electron microprobe data were obtained, primarily from automated scans, or traverses, across dolomite aggregate grains and the adjacent cement paste. Representative traverses were shown in figures and averages of the data were presented in Table II. In this Appendix, detailed representative and selected analyses of carbonate aggregate only are presented. These analyses were not presented in the main report because they would be interesting to only a few specialists in dolomite· rocks. In this Appendix, individual point analyses of mineral compositions in the paste have been omitted along with dolomite compositions at grain boundaries and cracks. Clay minerals and quartz inclusions in the aggregate are also not included. In the analyses, the first three column headings from left to right show line number, x-axis, and y-axis (Line number is an artifact of the computer print-out for each new traverse. Consecutive line numbers indicate a continuous traverse with distances between each point of 1.5 to a few μ-m. X-axis and y-axis are coordinates on the electron microscope stage). The next columns present weight percent oxide content of FeO, K20, CaO, Si02, Al203, MgO, SrO, BaO, MnO, Na20, and C02 (calculated assuming the number of moles of C02 is equal to the sum of moles of oxides, chiefly CaO and MgO), TOTAL (the sum of all oxides), and total (sum of all oxides excluding COi). In many of the analyses total is omitted.

Erosividade mensal e anual da chuva no Estado de Minas Gerais

Este trabalho objetivou estimar e mapear a erosividade média (EI30) mensal e anual, analisar a distribuição espacial da precipitação, durante o período chuvoso, e identificar zonas similares quanto a EI30 no Estado de Minas Gerais. Foram levantadas séries históricas de precipitação diária de 248 estações climatológicas para estimativa do coeficiente de chuva de Fournier (Rc). Baseado na relação EI30 x Rc, verificada em algumas localidades do Estado, o índice EI30 mensal foi estimado para as 248 estações. A geoestatística foi aplicada no mapeamento dos dados. O Estado de Minas Gerais pôde ser dividido em três zonas, com erosividade anual variando de 5.000 a 12.000 MJ mm ha-1 ano-1 : erosividade média-alta, nas regiões central, nordeste e parte da Zona da Mata; alta, no Triângulo Mineiro (extremo da região), e parte do nordeste e sul do Estado; e muito alta, na maior parte do Triângulo Mineiro, Alto Paranaíba, noroeste e leste. A erosividade não apresentou relação com a latitude e longitude e foi influenciada por efeitos orográficos e características climáticas de cada região.