Evaluación de la reacción de doce variedades híbridas de sorgo granífero (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) a la inoculación artificial con Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid

El presente estudio fue realizado para evaluar resistencia a la pudrición Carbonosa del Tallo, causada por el hongo Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., en doce variedades híbridas de sorgo granifero. El ensayo se condujo en los campos de cultivo de la Escuela Nacional de Agricultura y Ganadería (ENAG), en el departamento de Managua, Nicaragua. El método de inoculacion usado fue el de los palillos (mondadientes) de Young (33). El hongo fue colectado de residuos de cosecha de los campos de la Calera, se cultivo en PDA y se inoculo cuando las plantas tenían 21 días de florecidas, haciendo la evaluación 20 días después de la inoculacion. El diseño utilizado fue el de Latice rectangular, con 3 repeticiones, los tratamiento fueron distribuidos en parcelas subdivididas utilizando en cada repetición 5 plantas inoculadas con el hongo y 5 con ausencia de este. En el análisis estadístico se encontró diferencia entre las variedades al nivel del 5%, y la prueba de Duncan permite la separación de las variedades de acuerdo a la susceptibilidad, considerándose en este estudio preliminar como resistente al hongo el grupo formado por las variedades C-42A, E-57, Dorado Tx y P 8202.

Validación once líneas de tomate (Solanum esculentum Mill) en la Comarca el Tule Departamento de Boaco. En el periodo de Junio a Agosto del 2015

El estudio se realizó en la finca SAN JERONIMO entre los meses de Mayo a Agosto del 2015 propiedad de Sergio Urbina Rodríguez; la cual se localiza en la Comarca el Tule Central a 10 Km norte de Camoapa, los municipios de Boaco. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo de generar información sobre el comportamiento agronómico de 11 líneas de tomate (Solanum esculentum Mill), cultivados en condiciones de campo abierto. El método de recolección de información dicho cultivo (tomate) se realizó mediante la recolección de datos en el campo donde se seleccionaron 10 plantas muestreadas para cada línea donde se realizaron recuentos semanales, además se observó y se le dio seguimiento en todas las etapas del cultivo. El diseño metodológico es un ensayo preliminar sin replica, utilizando un área rectangular de 10 m x 12m. Los datos se analizaron a través de estadística descriptiva. Se observó la presencia de Bemisia tabacia partir de los 15 días después del trasplante (ddt) en todas las líneas establecidas. La población más alta se encontró en las líneas (1078) con promedio de 2.9 mosca /planta, línea (1031) con 1.4 mosca /planta y la línea (3125) con 1.4 mosca /planta y la de menor población correspondió a la línea (1143) con 0.5 mosca /planta y la línea (1005) con 0.33 mosca /planta. Se observó que en las 11 líneas evaluadas hubo incidencia de hongo y bacteria, la que presentó mayor incidencia de hongo en las línea (1005) con 1.33 %, la línea (1031) con 1.08 %, las de menor incidencia fue la línea (1005) con 0.83 %, la línea (1059) con 0.83 %. La incidencia de bacteria fue mayor la línea (1143) con 1.66 %, la línea (1X10) con 0.75 % y las que presentaron menor incidencia de bacteria fueron las líneas (1059) y línea (1203) con 0 % respectivamente. En cuanto a altura la líneas que obtuvieron mayor tamaño fue la línea (1038) con una altura 130.7 cm y la línea (1032) con una altura 110.6 cm y las de menor altura fueron línea (1143) con una altura 96.5cm y la línea (1005) con una altura 95cm. Las líneas que mostraron mejores característica productiva fueron: mayor diámetro polar y ecuatorial fue línea (1083) con 110 mm y la línea (1058) con 105mm y con 60mm, rendimientos fueron la línea (1032) con 15 toneladas y la línea (1005) con 11.93 toneladas y las líneas de menor rendimientos fue la línea (3125) con 3.53 toneladas y la línea (1059) con 2.78 toneladas.

Vortex dynamics in the studies of looping in tropical cyclone tracks

This paper proposes criteria for predicting the tendency of looping in tropical cyclone tracks using the approach of vortex dynamics. We model the asymmetric structure of a cyclone by a system of vortex patches. The evolution of such system of vortices is simulated by the method of contour dynamics. A new set of exact analytic formulas for contour dynamics calculations is derived, which is shown to be more computationally effective. Based on point-vortex models, we derive analytic formulas for the criteria of looping in a cyclone track. From numerical experiments, the simulated trajectories obtained from the point-vortex system and vortex patch system agree quite well. Hence, the looping criteria obtained from the point-vortex system can be applied by forecasters to stay alert for tendency of looping in a cyclone track. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed criteria, the trajectory of Typhoon Yancy (9012), whose field data are available from ''TCM-90'', is simulated. The case study shows that the asymmetric structure similar to the pattern of a beta gyre is responsible for its recurvature when Yancy landed Fujian Province, China on 20 August 1990.

Sidewall flow stability in the MHD channel flows

The velocity distribution between two sidewalls is; M-shaped for the MHD channel flows with rectangular cross section and thin conducting walls in a strong transverse magnetic field. Assume that the dimensionless numbers R(m) much less than 1, M, N much greater than 1, and sigma

Concentration distribution in crystallization from solution under microgravity

Concentration distribution in crystallization from solution under microgravity is numerically studied. A quasi-steady state growth and dissolution in a 2D rectangular enclosure filled with sodium chlorate (NaClO3) aqueous solution, in which one wall is the growth surface of the crystal and the opposite one is the dissolution surface, is considered. The solute transport process at the growth surface is described by the diffusion-reaction theory with finite interface kinetics coefficient. The results show that the concentration at the growth surface is supersaturated and the supersaturation distribution is of non-uniformity, i.e. the supersaturation in a region facing an incoming flow is high. On the other hand, the non-uniformity of supersaturation at the growth surface is closely related to the gravity level even under microgravity, it exponentially increases as the thermal Rayleigh number on behalf of the gravity level rises.

Saturation impulses for dynamically loaded structures with finite-deflections

The concept of ''Saturation Impulse'' for rigid, perfectly plastic structures with finite-deflections subjected to dynamic loading was put forward by Zhao, Yu and Fang (1994a). This paper extends the concept of Saturation Impulse to the analysis of structures such as simply supported circular plates, simply supported and fully clamped square plates, and cylindrical shells subjected to rectangular pressure pulses in the medium load range. Both upper and lower bounds of nondimensional saturation impulses are presented.

A finite-element analysis of viscoelastically damped sandwich plates

A finite element analysis associated with an asymptotic solution method for the harmonic flexural vibration of viscoelastically damped unsymmetrical sandwich plates is given. The element formulation is based on generalization of the discrete Kirchhoff theory (DKT) element formulation. The results obtained with the first order approximation of the asymptotic solution presented here are the same as those obtained by means of the modal strain energy (MSE) method. By taking more terms of the asymptotic solution, with successive calculations and use of the Padé approximants method, accuracy can be improved. The finite element computation has been verified by comparison with an analytical exact solution for rectangular plates with simply supported edges. Results for the same plates with clamped edges are also presented.

Slightly slanting impact on an elastic cantilever column-an experimental study

Experiments concerning slightly slanting impact between a flat-ended rigid body and a flat-ended elastic cantilever column with a rectangular cross-section have been performed. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical ones. The small angle of incidence was measured by using an optical method. The impact process was studied by using a split disc for the rigid body, with the two halves bonded together and electrically insulated from each other. The disc and the column were parts of an electric circuit. Different contact states could be distinguished according to different voltage levels. Reasonably good agreement between theory and experiment was found. Thus, the impact duration has its minimum under perfectly axial impact as predicted by the theory. Also, the predicted process of alternating line and surface contact was observed. Furthermore, the existence of a small critical angle of incidence was verified. This critical angle of incidence divides the impact processes into two categories: (1) The rigid body and the column end come into surface contact before separation. (2) They separate without surface contact. Comparison of axial strains between theory and experiment shows good agreement.

Dynamic-response of a laminated plate with friction damping

Static equilibrium of horizontal ring prominence

In 1980 the Beijing Observatory had successively observed sevesal rare completely closed ring prominences whose ring plane was approximately parallel to the solar surface with a characteristic life about 1—2 days. In this paper we discuss the static equilibrium of this kind of horizontal ring plasma under the simultaneous actions of magnetic force, gravity and pressure gradients. Assuming ring plasma with axisymmetry and rectangular plasma cross-section and adopting closed magnetic field boundary condition from the basic equations we obtain the exact zero order general solutions for magnetic field (force-free field) and density (pressure). We further obtain an eigen-solution for the zero order magnetic field and density as well as the first order magnetic field, thus giving a kind of the possible distribution of magnetic field and density for the horizontal closed ring prominence. The closed magnetic structure of ring prominence as presented in this paper, has no link with the force lines of the outside corona magnetic field. This is helpful to explain the great temperature difference between prominenee and corona.

矩形微槽道气体流动的速度分布

矩形微槽道的各个流向截面可以局部近似为平面Poiseuille流动，应用信息保存（IP）方法和直接模拟Monte Carlo（DSMC）方法计算了从连续介质区到自由分子流区的平面Poiseuille流动，利用其结果对Beskok-Karniadakis公式和质量流率动理论因子进行修正和重新拟合，给出在整个稀薄气体流动领域都适用的微槽道气体流动速度分布.

[B_Muskiz_Muñatones] Documentación geométrica de la muralla interior del Castillo de Muñatones (Muskiz, Bizkaia)

[ES] Este proyecto corresponde a una continuación del que documenta la torre central y que se realizó en 2005. Dicho trabajo puede consultarse también es este repositorio:

Report of the 2004 Workshop on In Situ Iron Enrichment Experiments in the Eastern and Western Subarctic Pacific

Foreword 1. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES (pdf, 0.1 Mb) 2. 2004 WORKSHOP SUMMARY (pdf, < 0.1 Mb) 2.1. What have we learned from the enrichment experiments? 2.2 What are the outstanding questions? 2.3 Recommendations for SEEDS-II 3. EXTENDED ABSTRACTS OF THE 2004 WORKSHOP 3.1 Synthesis of the Iron Enrichment Experiments: SEEDS and SERIES (pdf, 0.5 Mb) Iron fertilization experiment in the western subarctic Pacific (SEEDS) by Atsushi Tsuda The response of N and Si to iron enrichment in the Northeast Pacific Ocean: Results from SERIES by David Timothy, C.S. Wong, Yukihiro Nojiri, Frank A. Whitney, W. Keith Johnson and Janet Barwell-Clarke 3.2 Biological and Physiological Responses (pdf, 0.2 Mb) Zooplankton responses during SEEDS by Hiroaki Saito Phytoplankton community response to iron and temperature gradient in the NW and NE subarctic Pacific Ocean by Isao Kudo, Yoshifumi Noiri, Jun Nishioka, Hiroshi Kiyosawa and Atsushi Tsuda SERIES: Copepod grazing on diatoms by Frank A. Whitney, Moira Galbraith, Janet Barwell-Clarke and Akash Sastri The Southern Ocean Iron Enrichment Experiment: The nitrogen uptake response by William P. Cochlan and Raphael M. Kudela 3.3 Biogeochemical Responses (pdf, 0.5 Mb) What have we learned regarding iron biogeochemistry from iron enrichment experiments? by Jun Nishioka, Shigenobu Takeda and W. Keith Johnson Iron dynamics and temporal changes of iron speciation in SERIES by W. Keith Johnson, C.S. Wong, Nes Sutherland and Jun Nishioka Dissolved organic matter dynamics during SEEDS and SERIES experiments by Takeshi Yoshimura and Hiroshi Ogawa Formation of transparent exopolymer particles during the in-situ iron enrichment experiment in the western subarctic Pacific (SEEDS) by Shigenobu Takeda, Neelam Ramaiah, Ken Furuya and Takeshi Yoshimura Atmospheric measurement by Mitsuo Uematsu 3.4 Prediction from Models (pdf, 0.3 Mb) Modelling iron limitation in the North Pacific by Kenneth L. Denman and M. Angelica Peña A proposed model of the SERIES iron fertilization patch by Debby Ianson, Christoph Voelker and Kenneth L. Denman 4. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS FOR THE 2004 WORKSHOP (pdf, < 0.1 Mb) APPENDIX 1 Report of the 2000 Planning Workshop on Designing the Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Subarctic Pacific (pdf, 1 Mb) APPENDIX 2 Terms of Reference for the Advisory Panel on Iron fertilization experiment in the subarctic Pacific Ocean (pdf, < 0.1 Mb) APPENDIX 3 Historical List of Advisory Panel Members on Iron fertilization experiment in the subarctic Pacific Ocean (pdf, < 0.1 Mb) APPENDIX 4 IFEP-AP Annual Reports (pdf, 0.1 Mb) APPENDIX 5 PICES Press Articles (pdf, 0.6 Mb) (194 page document)

Experimental Study on Bénard-Marangoni Convection in Double Immiscible Liquid Layer

An experimental investigation of Bénard-Marangoni convection has been performed in double immiscible liquid layers of rectangular configuration on the ground. The two kinds of liquid are 10cst silicon oil and FC-70 respectively. The size of rectangular chamber is 100mm×40mm in horizontal cross-section. The evolution processes of convection are observed in the differential thickness ratio of two liquid layers. The critical temperature difference was measured via the detections of fluid convection by a particle image velocimetry (PIV) in the vertical cross-section of the liquid layer. The critical temperature difference or the critical Marangoni number was given. And the influence of the thickness ratio of two liquid layers on the convection instability was discussed. The evolution processes of patterns and temperature distributions on the interface are displayed by using thermal liquid crystal. The velocity distributions on the interface were also obtained. In comparison with the thermocapillary effect, the effect of buoyancy convection will relatively increase when the depth of the liquid layer increases. Because of the coupling of buoyancy and thermocapillary effect, the convection instability is much more complex than that in the microgravity environment. And the critical convection depends on the change of the thickness of liquid layers and also the change of thickness ratio of two liquid layers.

[R_Cornago_Castillo] Documentación Geométrica y Modelado Virtual del Castillo de Cornago (La Rioja)

[ES] El Castillo se encuentra coronando, junto a la iglesia de San Pedro, el cerro sobre el que se asienta el caserío de Cornago. Actualmente está formado por un patio interior de forma rectangular y rematado por cuatro torres en las esquinas, de las cuales tres son circulares de diferentes radios y una cuarta (NE) cuadrada, la superficie total ocupada es de unos 50 x 30 metros al exterior.