Análisis multivariable: Una nueva vía para la caracterización cerámica.

En los estudios sobre comercio en la antigüedad, la determinación del lugar de procedencia de un recipiente es imprescindible. Esta caracterización se ha resuelto siempre con el análisis fisico-químico de las pastas cerámicas o el estudio epigráfico. Sin embargo, creo que existe una tercera vía: la clasificación tipológica de las cerámicas a través de parámetros numéricos. Es un procedimiento mucho más barato que el análisis fisico-químico, y es por ello que sería de gran utilidad para yacimientos en los que la cantidad de material hace imposible esos análisis para todos los fragmentos de cerámica.

Tenascin-W, a new marker of cancer stroma, is elevated in sera of colon and breast cancer patients.

Tenascins are extracellular matrix proteins present during the development of organisms as well as in pathological conditions. Tenascin-W, the fourth and last member of the tenascin family remains the least well-characterized one. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential significance of tenascin-W as cancer biomarker by monitoring its presence in the serum of colorectal and breast cancer patients and its expression in colorectal tumor tissues. To measure serum tenascin-W levels, a sensitive sandwich-ELISA was established. Mean tenascin-W concentration in sera of patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer at time of diagnosis was highly increased compared to that of healthy volunteers. A similar tendency was observed for tenascin-C in the same patient cohort. However, the increase was much more striking for tenascin-W. We also detected elevated tenascin-W levels in sera of breast cancer patients. Furthermore, we could show a prominent expression of tenascin-W in extracts from colorectal tumor tissues by immunoblot analysis, whereas tenascin-W was not detectable in the corresponding normal colon mucosa. To confirm the western blot results, we performed immunohistochemistry of frozen sections of the same patients as well as of an additional, independently chosen collection of colorectal cancer tissues. In all cases, similarly to tenascin-C, tenascin-W was detected in the tumor stroma. Our results reveal a clear association between elevated levels of tenascin-W and the presence of cancer. These results warrant further studies to evaluate the potential value of serum and tissue tenascin-W levels as diagnostic, prognostic or monitoring biomarker in colorectal, breast and possibly other solid cancers.

The views of rich Europeans are more likely to be reflected by political parties than those of poorer citizens

How does income inequality affect political representation? Jan Rosset, Nathalie Giger and Julian Bernauer examine whether politicians represent the views of poorer and richer citizens equally. They find that in 43 out of the 49 elections included in their analysis, the preferences of low-income citizens are located further away from the policy positions of the closest political party than those with mid-range incomes. This suggests that income inequality may spill-over into political inequalities, although it is less clear whether this effect is likely to get better or worse as a result of the Eurozone crisis.

Free-breathing 3D coronary MRA: the impact of "isotropic" image resolution.

During conventional x-ray coronary angiography, multiple projections of the coronary arteries are acquired to define coronary anatomy precisely. Due to time constraints, coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) usually provides only one or two views of the major coronary vessels. A coronary MRA approach that allowed for reconstruction of arbitrary isotropic orientations might therefore be desirable. The purpose of the study was to develop a three-dimensional (3D) coronary MRA technique with isotropic image resolution in a relatively short scanning time that allows for reconstruction of arbitrary views of the coronary arteries without constraints given by anisotropic voxel size. Eight healthy adult subjects were examined using a real-time navigator-gated and corrected free-breathing interleaved echoplanar (TFE-EPI) 3D-MRA sequence. Two 3D datasets were acquired for the left and right coronary systems in each subject, one with anisotropic (1.0 x 1.5 x 3.0 mm, 10 slices) and one with "near" isotropic (1.0 x 1.5 x 1.0 mm, 30 slices) image resolution. All other imaging parameters were maintained. In all cases, the entire left main (LM) and extensive portions of the left anterior descending (LAD) and the right coronary artery (RCA) were visualized. Objective assessment of coronary vessel sharpness was similar (41% +/- 5% vs. 42% +/- 5%; P = NS) between in-plane and through-plane views with "isotropic" voxel size but differed (32% +/- 7% vs. 23% +/- 4%; P < 0.001) with nonisotropic voxel size. In reconstructed views oriented in the through-plane direction, the vessel border was 86% more defined (P < 0.01) for isotropic compared with anisotropic images. A smaller (30%; P < 0.001) improvement was seen for in-plane reconstructions. Vessel diameter measurements were view independent (2.81 +/- 0.45 mm vs. 2.66 +/- 0.52 mm; P = NS) for isotropic, but differed (2.71 +/- 0.51 mm vs. 3.30 +/- 0.38 mm; P < 0.001) between anisotropic views. Average scanning time was 2:31 +/- 0:57 minutes for anisotropic and 7:11 +/- 3:02 minutes for isotropic image resolution (P < 0.001). We present a new approach for "near" isotropic 3D coronary artery imaging, which allows for reconstruction of arbitrary views of the coronary arteries. The good delineation of the coronary arteries in all views suggests that isotropic 3D coronary MRA might be a preferred technique for the assessment of coronary disease, although at the expense of prolonged scan times. Comparative studies with conventional x-ray angiography are needed to investigate the clinical utility of the isotropic strategy.

Catalogue d'une remarquable réunion de 14 tableaux... ayant formé le cabinet de feu M. le chevalier W. J. Junius Van Hemert,... / [expert] Ferdinand Laneuville

[Vente. Art. 1859-04-18. Paris]

L'art de prolonger la vie / par le Dr C.-W. Hufeland ; [édité par le Dr J. Pellagot]

Collection : Bibliothèque médicale variée

Evaluating effects of spectral training data distribution on continuous field mapping performance

Continuous field mapping has to address two conflicting remote sensing requirements when collecting training data. On one hand, continuous field mapping trains fractional land cover and thus favours mixed training pixels. On the other hand, the spectral signature has to be preferably distinct and thus favours pure training pixels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of training data distribution along fractional and spectral gradients on the resulting mapping performance. We derived four continuous fields (tree, shrubherb, bare, water) from aerial photographs as response variables and processed corresponding spectral signatures from multitemporal Landsat 5 TM data as explanatory variables. Subsequent controlled experiments along fractional cover gradients were then based on generalised linear models. Resulting fractional and spectral distribution differed between single continuous fields, but could be satisfactorily trained and mapped. Pixels with fractional or without respective cover were much more critical than pure full cover pixels. Error distribution of continuous field models was non-uniform with respect to horizontal and vertical spatial distribution of target fields. We conclude that a sampling for continuous field training data should be based on extent and densities in the fractional and spectral, rather than the real spatial space. Consequently, adequate training plots are most probably not systematically distributed in the real spatial space, but cover the gradient and covariate structure of the fractional and spectral space well. (C) 2009 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Durability of Concrete as Affected by Variations in Air and W/C Ratio, R-258, 1975

Many times during the past four years we have seen ranges in the durability factor for a single coarse aggregate source that were too great to be explained by variations in the coarse aggregate alone. The durability test (ASTM C 666 Method B) as presently used is a test of the concrete system rather than that of a particular coarse aggregate. An informal study of current durability factor data indicates that w/c ratio and/or percentage of air may be critical to beam growth and durability factor. The purpose of this project, R-258, is to determine the extent w/c ratio and air content variations have on beam growth and durability factor when other factors including coarse aggregate gradation are held constant.

Canino mandibular incluido: presentación de un caso atípico de abordaje quirúrgico por vía lingual

Se presenta el caso de un paciente varón que tenía el canino temporal inferior derecho no exfoliado a los 15 años de edad; a la exploración se descubrió que existía el canino permanente totalmente incluído, con la particularidad de que estaba asociado a un quiste folicular y que la posible causa de inclusión era la presencia de un premolar supernumerario también retenido; otra rareza a destacar es que se hizo un abordaje quirúrgico mixto, vestibular para el premolar supernumerario y lingual para el canino permanente siendo esta última eventualidad realmente excepcional. Se discuten los aspectos referentes al diagnóstico y a la estrategia quirúrgica adoptadas en este caso poco habitual.

La Planificación centrada en la persona (PCP): una vía para la construcción de proyectos personalizados con personas con discapacidad intelectual

A pesar de la progresiva incorporación de los planteamientos inclusivos, la realización de proyectos de vida deseados constituye aún un reto en la acción socioeducativa con personas con discapacidad intelectual. En este sentido, la Planificación Centrada en la Persona (PCP) constituye una perspectiva innovadora que aporta nuevas luces para orientar las actuaciones a realizar conjuntamente con las personas con discapacidad para facilitar la proyección y logro de los estilos de vida deseados. En este artículo se pretende dar a conocer los planteamientos y posibilidades de la PCP que, a pesar de los avances en la última década, aún es insuficientemente conocida e incorporada fuera del ámbito anglosajón. Tres son los ejes básicos que articulan este documento: en primer lugar, las bases que fundamentan la PCP (los diferentes elementos que confluyen en su origen); en segundo lugar se incide en mostrar los aspectos que diferencian la PCP de las programaciones habituales que se realizan con personas con discapacidad intelectual. Por último, se plantean los retos que genera incorporar los procesos de planificación centrados en la persona en la cultura organizativa y profesional de los servicios donde se trabaja con personas con discapacidad. A lo largo del documento se muestra que, a pesar de que su implementación es compleja, la PCP constituye, en estos momentos, un modelo que permite avanzar decididamente en la construcción de una sociedad más solidaria e inclusiva