Sensibilização ao látex em pacientes com mielomeningocele na urologia do HC-FMUSP: prevalência e fatores associados

INTRODUÇÃO: A alergia ao látex é um importante problema de saúde pública, especialmente em grupos de risco que têm contato frequente com este potente alérgeno. Este estudo estimou a prevalência e os fatores de risco para sensibilização ao látex em pacientes com mielomeningocele (MMC) submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos urológicos no HC-FMUSP. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados pacientes com MMC submetidos a pelo menos uma cirurgia urológica, entre 2009 e 2014.Todos foram entrevistados e seus prontuários revisados. Uma amostra de sangue permitiu que a IgE específica ao látex, a K82, e seus recombinantes fossem investigados pelo método lmmunoCAP100 (kUa/L -1). A associação entre a exposição e o desfecho foi avaliada por meio de regressão logística de Poisson, Quiquadrado ou o teste exato de Fischer, para variáveis categóricas. O teste t de Student foi utilizado para comparar variáveis contínuas (nível de significância de 5%). Foram calculados a razão de prevalência (RP) e o intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados Duzentos e doze pacientes (51% do sexo masculino, 20,4 ± 6,4 anos de idade), 68 foram submetidos a pelo menos um procedimento urológico e 51 aceitaram participar (87,9%). Vinte e nove pacientes foram considerados não-sensibilizados (IgE específica para o látex :: a 0,7 kUa/L) e 22 sensibilizados ao látex com IgE > 0,7 kUa/L. Quando comparados os dois grupos, o sensibilizado apresentou um número de procedimentos cirúrgicos maior (11,6 ± 5,9 vs 7,2 ± 5,6) e dentre eles 48,3% apresentaram alguma alergia anterior contra 27,6% no grupo não sensibilizado. A sensibilização ao látex foi independentemente associada com alergia a produtos de látex (p = 0,014) e com o número de cirurgias anteriores (p = 0,032). A alergia ao látex tinha uma razão de prevalência de 2,87 (95% Cl: 1,24 a 6,65) ajustado para o número de cirurgias. Para cada procedimento cirúrgico, ajustado à alergia a produtos que contém látex, aumentou o risco para sensibilização em 4% (PR = 1,04; 95% CI: 1,00-1,09). CONCLUSÕES: A história de alergia ao látex e o número de cirurgias foram fatores de risco independentes para sensibilização ao látex

Atención quirúrgica en hombres y mujeres ¿Diferente o desigual?

Explorar la posible existencia de sesgos de género en procedimientos quirúrgicos (PQ) frecuentes y en sus estancias medias (EM) postquirúrgicas es objetivo del presente trabajo, mediante su comparación entre sexos en el Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva del Hospital General de Alicante (2000-2004). Se intervienen más hombres que mujeres en 4 de los 7 PQ estudiados, apuntando posibles sesgos de género en el patrón quirúrgico, como por apendicectomías agudas (1,36 Hombres/1 Mujer) y complicadas (1,79/1). La estancia postapendicectomías, a igual edad y comorbilidad, es de 2 días más en hombres (9,49) que en mujeres (7,5). No detectar diferencias por sexo en colecistectomías por colecistitis (más frecuentes en mujeres), puede indicar colelitiasis evolucionadas por no sospecha diagnóstica en hombres.

In vivo characterization of corneal biomechanics

Interest in corneal biomechanics has increased with the development of new refractive surgery techniques aimed at modifying corneal properties and a variety of surgical options for corneal ectasia management. The human cornea behaves as soft biological material. It is a viscoelastic tissue and its response to a force applied to it depends not only on the magnitude of the force, but also on the velocity of the application. There are concerns about the limitations to measuring corneal biomechanical properties in vivo. To date, 2 systems are available for clinical use: the Ocular Response Analyzer, a dynamic bidirectional applanation device, and the Corvis ST, a dynamic Scheimpflug analyzer device. These devices are useful in clinical practice, especially for planning some surgical procedures and earlier detection of ectatic conditions, but further research is needed to connect the clinical measurements obtained with these devices to the standard mechanical properties.

Student lecture notes on the Theory & Practice of Physic, and patient case histories, of Lyman Spalding, 1795-1799 (inclusive)

Contains notes taken by Harvard student Lyman Spalding from lectures delivered by Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Physic Benjamin Waterhouse (1754-1846) in 1795. The notes cover the history of medicine, theories of contemporary physicians like Herman Boerhaave, William Cullen, and John Brown, and topics like fetal growth, digestion, and circulation. The volume also contains six pages of patient case notes from Spalding’s medical practice in Walpole, New Hampshire, in 1799, which detail the patients’ symptoms and course of treatment he pursued. In the case of a young man who complained of pain in his breast following a wrestling match, Spalding bled him and prescribed a cathartic of soap and aloes. Spalding also operated on a man who cut off part of his ankle with an ax.

Desnervação simpática renal e sua utilização no tratamento da hipertensão resistente : caso clínico

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014

Influência da exposição à música na perceção da dor aguda pós-operatória : um estudo com crianças de 4 e 5 anos

Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia (Ciência Cognitiva), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Faculdade de Letras, Faculdade de Medicina, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2016

Hidatidose hepática complicada : revisão da literatura : a propósito de um caso clínico

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014

The first lines of the theory and practice of surgery : including the principle operations /

Mode of access: Internet.

Elements of surgery /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Centralblatt für die Grenzgebiete der Medizin und Chirurgie.

Mode of access: Internet.

A system of practical surgery /

Includes index.

Dog peritoneal and pleural cavities as bioreactors to grow autologous vascular grafts

Objective: The purpose of this study was to grow artificial blood vessels for autologous transplantation as arterial interposition grafts in a large animal model (dog). Method and results: Tubing up to 250 mm long, either bare or wrapped in biodegradable polyglycolic acid (Dexon) or nonbiodegradable polypropylene (Prolene) mesh, was inserted in the peritoneal or pleural cavity of dogs, using minimally invasive techniques, and tethered at one end to the wall with a loose suture. After 3 weeks the tubes and their tissue capsules were harvested, and the inert tubing was discarded. The wall of living tissue was uniformly 1-1.5 mm thick throughout its length, and consisted of multiple layers of myofibroblasts and matrix overlaid with a single layer of mesothelium. The myofibroblasts stained for a-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and desmin. The bursting strength of tissue tubes with no biodegradable mesh scaffolds was in excess of 2500 mm Hg, and the suture holding strength was 11.5 N, both similar to that in dog carotid and femoral arteries. Eleven tissue tubes were transplanted as interposition grafts into the femoral artery of the same dog in which they were grown, and were harvested after 3 to 6.5 months. Eight remained patent during this time. At harvest, their lumens were lined with endothelium-like cells, and wall cells stained for alpha-actin, smooth muscle myosin, desmin and smoothelin; there was also a thick adventitia containing vasa vasorum. Conclusion: Peritoneal and pleural cavities of large animals can function as bioreactors to grow myofibroblast tubes for use as autologous vascular grafts.

Quality assurance of paediatric cardiac surgery: A prospective 6-year analysis

Objective: To audit effective quality assurance methods to monitor outcomes following paediatric cardiac surgery at a single institution. Methods: All patients undergoing cardiac surgery from January 1996 to December 2001 were enrolled prospectively. Patients were stratified by complexity of surgical procedure into four groups, with Category 4 being the most complex procedure. Outcome measures included death, length of admission and morbidity from complications. Results: A total of 1815 patients underwent 1973 surgical procedures. Of these, 1447 (73.3%) were cardiopulmonary bypass procedures, and 543 (27.5%) were more complex (Category 3 and 4) procedures. Median patient age was 3.5 years (range, 1 day-20 years) and patient weight 15.0 kg (range, 900 g to 90 kg). Sixty-six patients (3.6%) died during the study period. Of the procedures in 1996, 22.7% were classified as complex compared with 29.2% of procedures in 2001. The annual surgical mortality ranged from 1.9-4.7% (P=0.20), and when mortality was adjusted for complexity of surgery, there was no significant yearly variation in the mortality rate (P=0.57). Analysis of individual surgeon's results showed no significant difference in the mortality rate by complexity of surgery performed (P=0.90). Mean ventilation times did not change significantly over time (P=0.79). The yearly incidence of significant neurological complications ranged from 0.6% to 4.5% and the incidence of arrhythmias from 4.2% to 8.0%. No difference was detected between the years. Conclusions: Stratifying complexity of surgery proved valuable in monitoring surgical outcomes and detecting differences in performance over time as large subgroups were created for analysis.

Laparoscopically-assisted resection rectopexy for rectal prolapse: Ten years' experience

PURPOSE: This study has been undertaken to audit a single-center experience with laparoscopically-assisted resection rectopexy for full-thickness rectal prolapse. The clinical Outcomes and long-term results were evaluated. METHODS: The data were prospectively collected for the duration of the operation, time to passage of flatus postoperatively, hospital stay, morbidity, and mortality. For follow-up, patients received a questionnaire or were contacted. The data were divided into quartiles over the study period, and the differences in operating time and length of hospital stay were tested using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: Between March 1992 and October 2003, a total of 117 patients underwent laparoscopic resection rectopexy for rectal prolapse. The median operating time during the first quartile (representing the early experience) was 180 minutes compared with 110 minutes for the fourth quartile (Kruskal-Wallis test for operating time = 35.523, 3 df, P < 0.0001). Overall morbidity was 9 percent (ten patients), with one death (< 1 percent). One patient had a ureteric injury requiring conversion. One minor anastomotic leak Occurred, necessitating laparoscopic evacuation of a pelvic abscess. Altogether, 77 patients were available for follow-up. The median follow-up was 62 months. Eighty percent of the patients reported alleviation of their symptoms after the operation. Sixty-nine percent of the constipated patients experienced an improvement in bowel frequency. No patient had new or worsening symptoms of constipation after Surgery. Two (2.5 percent) patients had full-thickness rectal prolapse recurrence. Mucosal prolapse recurred in 14 (18 percent) patients. Anastomotic dilation was performed for stricture in five (4 percent) patients. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopically-assisted resection rectopexy for rectal prolapse provides a favorable functional outcome and low recurrence rate. Shorter operating time is achieved with experience. The minimally invasive technique benefits should be considered when offering rectal prolapse patients a transabdominal approach for repair, and emphasis should now be on advanced training in the laparoscopic approach.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of a Kunitz-type inhibitor, textilinin-1 from Pseudonaja textilis textilis

Textilinin-1 (Txln-1), a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor, is a 59-amino-acid polypeptide isolated from the venom of the Australian Common Brown snake Pseudonaja textilis textilis. This molecule has been suggested as an alternative to aprotinin, also a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor, for use as an anti-bleeding agent in surgical procedures. Txln-1 shares only 47% amino-acid identity to aprotinin; however, six cysteine residues in the two peptides are in conserved locations. It is therefore expected that the overall fold of these molecules is similar but that they have contrasting surface features. Here, the crystallization of recombinant textilinin-1 (rTxln-1) as the free molecule and in complex with bovine trypsin (229 amino acids) is reported. Two organic solvents, phenol and 1,4-butanediol, were used as additives to facilitate the crystallization of free rTxln-1. Crystals of the rTxln-1-bovine trypsin complex diffracted to 2.0 angstrom resolution, while crystals of free rTxln-1 diffracted to 1.63 angstrom resolution.