Desarrollo y Aplicación de Herramientas Teóricas, Numéricas y Códigos Computacionales en Dinámica de Gases para Ingeniería Aeronáutica

Objetivos generales: • Desarrollo de un código utilizando programación orientada objeto y Fortran 2003 para simulación de flujos de gases de alta entalpía incluyendo efectos químicos. • Mejora de técnicas numéricas con la finalidad de simular flujos gas dinámicos con alta entalpía y químicamente activos. • Mejora de la comprensión del fenómeno de intermitencia caótica. • Mejorar en la comprensión, implementación y utilización del código openFOAM para la simulación de flujos de interés en la industria aeroespacial. Objetivos específicos: • Poseer la capacidad de simular las ecuaciones de la dinámica de gases tridimensionales, químicamente activas y dependientes del tiempo usando volúmenes finitos mediante códigos propios. • Continuar con el desarrollo de la nueva teoría que permite una descripción más adecuada y precisa del fenómeno de intermitencia como una de las rutas hacia el caos. • Adaptar el código openFoam para la simulación de la dinámica del flujo de gases con elevada entalpía y/o reactivos. • Aplicación de los códigos desarrollados a la simulación de flujos de interés aeronáutico tales como chorros supersónicos, flujos supersónicos alrededor de objetos en vuelo atmosférico y procesos de combustión difusiva. Resultados esperados • Obtención de un código numérico en volúmenes finitos mediante programación orientada a objeto desarrollado en la UNC con la capacidad de simular flujos gas-dinámicos, tridimensionales, viscosos, químicamente activos y dependientes del tiempo. Este código será la base para un programa de multifísica en flujos gaseosos que en un futuro deberá incluir ionización y simulación de flujos magnetohidrodinámicos compresibles. • Desarrollo y/o mejora de técnicas numéricas para la solución de flujos gas-dinámicos químicamente activos. Se continuará con la investigación que usa distintas funciones limitadoras para distintas ondas. • Mejora del conocimiento sobre fenómenos que presentan intermitencia caótica. Se continuará con la teoría que está actualmente en desarrollo por integrantes del grupo en colaboración con investigadores de universidades de España. Principalmente se pondrá énfasis para obtener una formulación más general de la teoría mediante el desarrollo de una técnica de perturbación que permita aproximar cualquier función no lineal que gobierna el proceso de reinyección. • Implementación del código openFOAM para simular flujos supersónicos y procesos de combustión. Se generarán librerías específicas para utilizar este software en aplicaciones de flujos compresibles. • Se espera alcanza una mejor descripción numérica del fenómeno de chorros supersónicos sub-expandidos que impactan sobre paredes sólidas.

Estudo do comportamento térmico de edifícios : análise da influência da orientação e inércia térmica

A recente transposição da directiva europeia relativa ao Desempenho Energético dos Edifícios (2002/91/CE) e posteriormente a (2010/31/EU) pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 118/2013 de 20 de Agosto, incluiu num único diploma o Sistema de Certificação Energética dos Edifícios (SCE), o Regulamento do Desempenho Energético dos Edifícios de Habitação (REH) e o Regulamento de Desempenho Energético dos Edifícios de Comércio e Serviços (RECS), introduzindo desta forma novos parâmetros de conforto interior para os edifícios a construir em Portugal. A necessidade e a curiosidade em aprofundar o estudo do desempenho energético de edifícios, em particular em dois parâmetros que influenciam o cálculo, a inércia térmica e a orientação solar, esteve na base da escolha deste trabalho. Neste sentido foram estudadas várias soluções construtivas correntes da nossa construção para se conseguir compreender a variação da inércia térmica das duas moradias em estudo e assim determinar a influência que tem a inércia térmica no conforto interior. Foi também tido em conta neste estudo, a variação da orientação solar e a sua influência nos ganhos térmicos para a estação de aquecimento e arrefecimento. Deste modo conseguiu-se aferir a influência que a energia solar tem nos cálculos do conforto interior para as várias orientações solares. Por curiosidade calcularam-se também os dados das moradias sem obstruções solares de modo a fazer uma comparação com e sem os elementos que provocam sombreamento nos vãos solares. Por último utilizou-se o software Design Builder para fazer a simulação dinâmica das moradias e comparar com os resultados obtidos do cálculo regulamentar do REH.

Estrategias para interpelar e incluir a estudiantes no tradicionales en carreras de Ingeniería : El caso de la Facultad de Informática de la UNLP (2010 y 2016)

En este trabajo presentamos algunos avances de una investigación orientada a comprender cómo inciden las perspectivas de actores en el moldeamiento de políticas y programas de abordaje de la heterogeneidad estudiantil implementados en el tramo inicial de la Facultad de Informática de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, en la que se dicta una carrera de Ingeniería en Computación . El relevamiento permitió reconocer quiénes tienen papeles protagónicos en la definición y desarrollo de estrategias de atención a la diversidad estudiantil. Nuestro trabajo pretende dar cuenta de las conceptualizaciones que los actores indagados construyen acerca de la heterogeneidad y la diferencia en el marco de la implementación de políticas institucionales. Presentaremos análisis basados en el relevamiento efectuado y en debates del campo educativo. Esbozaremos algunas conclusiones provisorias referidas a las perspectivas de la heterogeneidad y la diferencia prevalecientes entre los informantes clave y al contraste entre éstas y las culturas y tradiciones que orientan el trabajo en las aulas

Estrategias para interpelar e incluir a estudiantes no tradicionales en carreras de Ingeniería : El caso de la Facultad de Informática de la UNLP (2010 y 2016)

En este trabajo presentamos algunos avances de una investigación orientada a comprender cómo inciden las perspectivas de actores en el moldeamiento de políticas y programas de abordaje de la heterogeneidad estudiantil implementados en el tramo inicial de la Facultad de Informática de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, en la que se dicta una carrera de Ingeniería en Computación . El relevamiento permitió reconocer quiénes tienen papeles protagónicos en la definición y desarrollo de estrategias de atención a la diversidad estudiantil. Nuestro trabajo pretende dar cuenta de las conceptualizaciones que los actores indagados construyen acerca de la heterogeneidad y la diferencia en el marco de la implementación de políticas institucionales. Presentaremos análisis basados en el relevamiento efectuado y en debates del campo educativo. Esbozaremos algunas conclusiones provisorias referidas a las perspectivas de la heterogeneidad y la diferencia prevalecientes entre los informantes clave y al contraste entre éstas y las culturas y tradiciones que orientan el trabajo en las aulas

Revista minera, metalúrgica y de ingeniería

Mode of access: Internet.

Estrategias para interpelar e incluir a estudiantes no tradicionales en carreras de Ingeniería : El caso de la Facultad de Informática de la UNLP (2010 y 2016)

En este trabajo presentamos algunos avances de una investigación orientada a comprender cómo inciden las perspectivas de actores en el moldeamiento de políticas y programas de abordaje de la heterogeneidad estudiantil implementados en el tramo inicial de la Facultad de Informática de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, en la que se dicta una carrera de Ingeniería en Computación . El relevamiento permitió reconocer quiénes tienen papeles protagónicos en la definición y desarrollo de estrategias de atención a la diversidad estudiantil. Nuestro trabajo pretende dar cuenta de las conceptualizaciones que los actores indagados construyen acerca de la heterogeneidad y la diferencia en el marco de la implementación de políticas institucionales. Presentaremos análisis basados en el relevamiento efectuado y en debates del campo educativo. Esbozaremos algunas conclusiones provisorias referidas a las perspectivas de la heterogeneidad y la diferencia prevalecientes entre los informantes clave y al contraste entre éstas y las culturas y tradiciones que orientan el trabajo en las aulas

Síntese e caracterização estrutural, magnética e térmica da hidroxiapatita dopada com ferro

In this work, composites were prepared using high energy mechanical milling from the precursors hydroxyapatite - HAp (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) and metallic iron ( -Fe ). The main goal here is to study composites in order to employ them in magnetic hyperthermia for cancer therapy. The produced samples were characterized by X-ray di raction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), magnetization curves as a function of applied eld (MxH), and nally measurements of magnetic hyperthermia. The XRD patterns of the milled samples HAp/Fe revealed only the presence of precursor materials. The SEM showed clusters with irregular shapes. The magnetization curves indicated typical cases of weak ferromagnetic behavior. For samples submitted to grinding and annealing, the identi ed phases were: HAp (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), hematite (Fe2O3) and Calcium Iron Phosphate (Ca9Fe(PO4)7). Analyzing the results of MxH, there was a reduction of the saturation magnetization, given that the Fe was incorporated into HAp. Hysteresis curves obtained at 300 K are characteristics of samples possessing over a phase. At 77 K, the behavior of the hysteresis curve is in uenced by the presence of hematite, which is antiferromagnetic. Already at T = 4.2 K, it is observed a weak ferromagnetic behavior. Furthermore, there is the e ect of exchange bias. Regarding the magnetic hyperthermia, the results of temperature measurements as a function of the alternating eld are promising for applications in magnetic hyperthermia and other biomedical applications.

Estimativa do fluxo de calor e da difusividade térmica do solo, baseado na solução da derivada temporal fracionária de meia ordem em ferramenta de software

The soil heat flux and soil thermal diffusivity are important components of the surface energy balance, especially in ar id and semi-arid regions. The obj ective of this work was to carry out to estimate the soil heat flux from th e soil temperature measured at a single depth, based on the half-order time derivative met hod proposed by Wang and Bras (1999), and to establish a method capable of es timating the thermal diffusivity of the soil, based on the half order derivative, from the temporal series of soil temperature at two depths. The results obtained in the estimates of soil heat flux were compared with the values of soil heat flux measured through flux plates, and the thermal di ffusivity estimated was compared with the measurements carried out in situ. The results obtained showed excellent concordance between the estimated and measured soil heat flux, with correlation (r), coeffici ent of determination (R 2 ) and standard error (W/m 2 ) of: r = 0.99093, R 2 = 0.98194 and error = 2.56 (W/m 2 ) for estimated period of 10 days; r = 0,99069, R 2 = 0,98147 and error = 2.59 (W/m 2 ) for estimated period of 30 days; and r = 0,98974, R 2 = 0,97958 and error = 2.77 (W/m 2 ) for estimated period of 120 days. The values of thermal di ffusivity estimated by the proposed method showed to be coherent and consis tent with in situ measured va lues, and with the values found in the literature usi ng conventional methods.

Avaliação térmica e desempenho do processo de secagem de misturas de graviola e leite em secador de leito de jorro

The soursop (A. muricata) is a fruit rich in minerals especially the potassium content. The commercialization of soursop in natura and processed has increased greatly in recent years. Drying fruit pulp in order to obtain the powdered pulp has been studied, seeking alternatives to ensure the quality of dehydrated products at a low cost of production. The high concentration of sugars reducing present in fruits causes problems of agglomeration and retention during fruit pulp drying in spouted bed dryers. On the other hand in relation to drying of milk and fruit pulp with added milk in spouted bed, promising results are reported in the literature. Based on these results was studied in this work drying of the pulp soursop with added milk in spouted bed with inert particles. The tests were based on a 24 factorial design were evaluated for the effects of milk concentration (30 to 50% m/m), drying air temperature (70 to 90 °C), intermittency time (10 to 14 min), and ratio of air velocity in relation to the minimum spout (1.2 to 1.5) on the rate of production, of powder moisture, yield, rate of drying and thermal efficiency of the process. There were physical and chemical analysis of mixtures, of powders and of mixtures reconstituted by rehydration powders. Were adjusted statistical models of first order to data the rate of production, yield and thermal efficiency, that were statistically significant and predictive. An efficiency greater than 40% under the conditions of 50% milk mixture, at 70 ° C the drying air temperature and 1.5 for the ratio between the air velocity and the minimum spout has been reached. The intermittency time showed no significant effect on the analyzed variables. The final product had moisture in the range of 4.18% to 9.99% and water activity between 0.274 to 0.375. The mixtures reconstituted by rehydration powders maintained the same characteristics of natural blends.

Caracterização mecânica, térmica e acústica de um compósito que utiliza rejeitos de mármore, granito e EPS para a fabricação de blocos para a construção civil

The use of composite materials for the construction industry has been the subject of numerous scientific papers in Brazil and in the world. One of the factors that motivate this quest is the housing deficit that countries especially the third world face. In Brazil this deficit reaches more than 6.5 million homes, around 12% of all US households . This paper presents a composite that was obtained from waste generated in processes for the production of granite and marble slabs, cement, gypsum, sand, crushed EPS and water. These wastes cause great damage to the environment and are thrown into landfi lls in bulk. The novelty of the work is in the combined study thermal, mechanical and acoustic composite obtained in real situation of rooms that are part of an experimental housing. Many blocks were made from cement compositions, plaster, foam, sand, marb le and / or granite, preliminary tests of mechanical and thermal resistance were made by choosing the most appropriate proportion. Will be given the manufacturing processes and assembly units 500 units 10 x 80 x 28 cm produced for the construction of an ex perimental home. We studied what kind of block and residue, marble or granite, made it more feasible for the intended purpose. The mechanical strength of the produced blocks were above 3.0 MPa. The thermal resistance of the blocks was confirmed by the maxi mum temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of rooms built around 8.0 ° C. The sound absorption for optimal room was around 31%. Demonstrated the feasibility of using the blocks manufactured with composite material proposed for construction.

Modelos de condutividade térmica em rochas silicáticas, com ênfase em rochas da província Borborema, NE do Brasil

A practical approach to estimate rock thermal conductivities is to use rock models based just on the observed or expected rock mineral content. In this study, we evaluate the performances of the Krischer and Esdorn (KE), Hashin and Shtrikman (HS), classic Maxwell (CM), Maxwell-Wiener (MW), and geometric mean (GM) models in reproducing the measures of thermal conductivity of crystalline rocks.We used 1,105 samples of igneous and metamorphic rocks collected in outcroppings of the Borborema Province, Northeastern Brazil. Both thermal conductivity and petrographic modal analysis (percent volumes of quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, and sum of mafic minerals) were done. We divided the rocks into two groups: (a) igneous and ortho-derived (or meta-igneous) rocks and (b) metasedimentary rocks. The group of igneous and ortho-derived rocks (939 samples) covers most the lithologies de_ned in the Streckeisen diagram, with higher concentrations in the fields of granite, granodiorite, and tonalite. In the group of metasedimentary rocks (166 samples), it were sampled representative lithologies, usually of low to medium metamorphic grade. We treat the problem of reproducing the measured values of rock conductivity as an inverse problem where, besides the conductivity measurements, the volume fractions of the constituent minerals are known and the effective conductivities of the constituent minerals and model parameters are unknown. The key idea was to identify the model (and its associated estimates of effective mineral conductivities and parameters) that better reproduces the measures of rock conductivity. We evaluate the model performances by the quantity  that is equal to the percentage of number of rock samples which estimated conductivities honor the measured conductivities within the tolerance of 15%. In general, for all models, the performances were quite inferior for the metasedimentary rocks (34% <  < 65%) as compared with the igneous and ortho-derived rocks (51% <  < 70%). For igneous and ortho-derived rocks, all model performances were very similar ( = 70%), except the GM-model that presented a poor performance (51% <  < 65%); the KE and HS-models ( = 70%) were slightly superior than the CM and MW-models ( = 67%). The quartz content is the dominant factor in explaining the rock conductivity for igneous and ortho-derived rocks; in particular, using the MW-model the solution is in practice vi UFRN/CCET– Dissertação de mestrado the series association of the quartz content. On the other hand, for metasedimentary rocks, model performances were different and the performance of the KEmodel ( = 65%) was quite superior than the HS ( = 53%), CM (34% <  < 42%), MW ( = 40%), and GM (35% <  < 42%). The estimated effective mineral conductivities are stable for perturbations both in the rock conductivity measures and in the quartz volume fraction. The fact that the metasedimentary rocks are richer in platy-minerals explains partially the poor model performances, because both the high thermal anisotropy of biotite (one of the most common platy-mineral) and the difficulty in obtaining polished surfaces for measurement coupling when platyminerals are present. Independently of the rock type, both very low and very high values of rock conductivities are hardly explained by rock models based just on rock mineral content.