Predicción del parto pretérmino mediante la medición ecográfica de la longitud cervical

Programa de Patología Quirúrgica, Reproducción Humana,Factores Psicológicos y el Proceso de Enfermar

Efecto inmediato de la analgesia epidural sobre el estado fetal y el trabajo de parto

Programa de doctorado: Patología quirúrgica, reproducción humana, factores psicológicos y el proceso de enfermar.

Correlatos da participação no desporto escolar nos ensinos regular e militar, o papel do sexo, idade, estatuto socioeconómico e das atitudes

[POR] Introdução: Em Portugal, além das aulas de educação física, as escolas oferecem tempos destinados ao desporto escolar (DE), que poderão aumentar os níveis de actividade física dos alunos. Objectivo: Analisar os níveis e os correlatos da participação no DEnos ensinos regular e militar, identificando a su a relação com variáveis sociodomográficas e atitudes.

Relazione gestante-feto, modalità del parto e sviluppo fisico del bambino

Extensive literature outlined that the quality of the mother-foetus relationship is considered the main feature with regard to the quality of postnatal mother-infant interaction and also to the child’s psychical development. Nowadays the relationship between the pregnant woman and her foetus is viewed as the central factor of the somatic dialogue between the functioning of the maternal and the foetal organisms. This dialogue is responsible for the physic development of the child, as well as of its psychosomatic structure. Therefore the research area has necessarily had to extend to the analysis of psychological processes concerning: the pregnancy, the couple that is bound by parenthood, the influence of intergenerational dynamics. In fact, the formation of maternal identity, as well as that of the relationship between the woman and the foetus, refers to the pregnant woman’s relationship with her parents, especially with her mother. The same pregnancy, considered as a psychosomatic event, is directly influenced by relational, affective and social factors, particularly by the quality of the interiorized parental relations and the quality of the current relationships (such as that with her partner and with her family of origin). Some studies have begun to investigate the relationship between the pregnant woman and the foetus in term of “prenatal attachment” and its relationship with socio-demographic, psychological e psychopathological aspects (such as pre and post partum depression), but the research area is still largely unexplored. The present longitudinal research aimed to investigate the quality of the pregnant womanfoetus relationship by the prenatal attachment index, the quality of the interiorized relationship with woman’s parents, the level of alexithymic features and maternity social support, in relation with the modulation of the physiology of delivery and of postpartum, as well as of the physical development of the child. A consecutive sample of 62 Italian primipara women without any kind of pathologies, participated in the longitudinal study. In the first phase of this study (third trimester of the pregnancy), it has investigated the psychological processes connected to the affective investment of the pregnant women towards the unborn baby (by Prenatal Attachment Inventory), the mothers’ interiorized relationship with their own parents (by Parental Bonding Instrument), the social and affective support from their partner and their family of origin are able to supply (by Maternity Social Support Scale), and the level of alexithymia (by 20-Toronto Alexithymia Scale). In the second phase of this study, some data concerning the childbirth course carried out from a “deliverygram” (such as labour, induction durations and modalities of delivery) and data relative to the newborns state of well-being (such as Apgar and pH indexes). Finally, in the third phase of the study women have been telephoned a month after the childbirth. The semistructured interview investigated the following areas: the memory concerning the delivery, the return to home, the first interactions between the mother and the newborn, the breastfeeding, the biological rhythms achieved from newborns. From the data analysis a sample with a good level of prenatal attachment and of support social and a good capability to mental functioning emerged. An interesting result is that the most of the women have a great percentage of “affectionless control style” with both parents, but data is not sufficient to interpret this result. Moreover, considering the data relative to the delivery, medical and welfare procedures, that have been necessary, are coherent with the Italian mean, while the percentage of the caesarean section (12.9%) is inferior to the national percentage (30%). The 29% of vaginal partum has got epidural analgesia, which explains the high number (37%) of obstetrician operations (such as Kristeller). The data relative to the newborn (22 male, 40 female) indicates a good state of well-being because Apgar and pH indexes are superior to 7 at first and fifth minutes. Concerning the prenatal phase, correlation analysis showed that: the prenatal attachment scores positively correlated with the expected social support and negatively correlated with the “externally oriented thinking” dimension of alexithymia; the maternity social support negatively correlated with total alexithymia score, particularly with the “externally oriented thinking” dimension, and negatively correlated with maternal control of parental bonding. Concerning the delivery data, there are many correlations (after all obvious) among themselves. The most important are that the labour duration negatively correlated with the newborn’s index state of well-being. Finally, concerning the data from the postpartum phase the women’ assessments relative to the partum negatively correlated with the duration of the delivery and positively correlated with the assessment relative to the return to home and the interaction with the newborn. Moreover the length of permanence in the hospital negatively correlated with women’s assessments relative to the return to home that, in turn, positively correlated with the quality of breastfeeding, the interaction between the mother and the newborn and the biological regulation of the child. Finally, the women’ assessments relative to breastfeeding positively correlated with the mother-child interactions and the biological rhythms of children. From the correlation analysis between the variables of the prenatal phase and the data relative to the delivery, emerged that the prenatal attachment scores positively correlated with the dilatation stage scores and with the newborn’s Apgar index at first minute, the paternal care dimension of parental bonding positively correlated with the lengths of the various periods of childbirth like so the paternal control dimension with placental stage. Moreover, emerged that the expected social support positively correlated with the lengths of the various periods of childbirth and that the global alexithymia scores, particularly “difficulty to describe emotions” dimension, negatively correlated with total childbirth scores. From the correlation analysis between the variables of the prenatal phase and variable of the postpartum phase emerged that the total alexithymia scores positively correlated with the time elapsed from the childbirth to the breastfeeding of the child, the difficulty to describe emotions dimension of the alexithymia negatively correlated with the quality of the breastfeeding, the “externally oriented thinking” dimension of the alexithymia negatively correlated with mother-child interactions, and finally the paternal control dimension of the parental bonding negatively correlated with the time elapsed from the child to the breastfeeding of the child. Finally, from the analysis of the correlation between the data of the partum and the women’s assessments of the postpartum phase, emerged the negative correlation between the woman’s assessment relative to the delivery and the quantitative of obstetrician operations and the lengths of the various periods of childbirth, the positive correlation between the women’s assessment about the length of delivery periods and the real lengths of the same ones, the positive relation between woman’s assessment relative to the delivery and the Apgar index of children. In conclusion, there is a remarkable relation between the quality of the relationship the woman establishes with the foetus that influences the course of the pregnancy and the delivery that, in turn, influences the postpartum outcome, particularly relative to the mother-children relationship. Such data should be confirmed by heterogeneous populations in order to identify vulnerable women and to project focused intervention.

Factores pronósticos en la inducción del trabajo del parto

Programa de doctorado: Patología Quirúrgica, reproducción humana, factores psicológicos y el proceso de enfermar. Área de Obstetricia y Ginecología. La fecha de publicación es la fecha de lectura

Epidural en movimiento: estudios de los efectos de la anestesia epidural que permite la movilidad de la mujer embarazada durante la dinámica del parto

Programa de doctorado: Patología quirúrgica, reproducción humana y factores psicológicos y el proceso de enfermar

Guía de atención integral para la prevención, detección temprana y tratamiento de las complicaciones del embarazo, parto o puerperio

El Ministerio de la Protección Social ha encargado la Universidad Nacional de Colombia como parte del Consorcio Centro de Investigación y Evaluación de Tecnologías, el desarrollo de una guía clínica sobre Atención integral para la prevención, detección temprana y tratamiento de las complicaciones del embarazo, parto o puerperio. La guía proporcionará recomendaciones para la buena práctica basadas en la mejor evidencia clínica disponible (y en la racionalización de costos).

Guía para la implementación de la atención integrada materna y neonatal calificada con enfoque de género y con pertinencia cultural, en los servicios institucionales de atención del parto

El Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social de Guatemala presenta esta guía, la cual ha sido revisada y actualizada utilizando la evidencia científica actual y disponible, y que responde a la necesidad de fortalecimiento de las competencias del recurso humano en los servicios institucionales de atención del parto

Spot 2. Embarazo - Parto - Embarazo No deseado

Todas las mujeres, no importa su edad ni condición, tienen derecho a recibir una atención integral y humanizada frente a una situación de embarazo

Avaliação antropométrica de idosas participantes de grupos de atividades físicas para a terceira idade

Atualmente, cresce o número de idosos ativos no Brasil. Com o processo de envelhecimento ocorrem alteraçoes fisiológicas e na composiçao corporal podendo acarretar conseqüências para a saúde do idoso. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi o de avaliar o estado nutricional por meio de antropometria de idosas participantes de grupos de atividades físicas. Foram avaliadas 60 mulheres idosas fisicamente ativas, residentes no município de Santa Maria, que praticam atividades físicas regulares a mais de dois anos, duas vezes por semana nos projetos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS-Brasil. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. A idade média das idosas foi de 69,5±6,24 anos. A média obtida para Indice de Massa Corporal (IMC) foi de 27,35 ± 4,22kg/m2. A avaliaçao do IMC revelou 13de magreza, 32de normalidade e 55das idosas encontravam-se com sobrepeso. Segundo a circunferência do braço (CB) 15depleçao moderada ou leve, 65normalidade e 20sobrepeso ou obesidade. Quanto a área muscular do braço corrigida (AMBc) 7das idosas avaliadas apresentaram depleçao e 90eutrofia. Conclui-se importância de nao usar um parâmetro isolado na avaliaçao do idoso e que é necessária a constante avaliaçao dessa populaçao

Corporalidades transformadas : Embarazo, parto y puerperio

Fil: Tabak, Graciela. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.

La perspectiva de género en el estudio de la intervención médica en el parto

La presente ponencia expone algunas reflexiones sobre la perspectiva analítica asumida en una investigación referida a la intervención médica en el proceso de parto/nacimiento (que incluye el embarazo, parto y puerperio). Una de las decisiones en la investigación refiere al análisis de las relaciones de poder lo cual llevó a la consideración de las relaciones de género desde una perspectiva que incluya a las mujeres mujeres-madres y varones-padres y a las relaciones de poder/subordinación características de la práctica médica. Se trata en principio de un entramado de relaciones de poder que vincula a profesionales de la salud, mujeres-madres y varones-padres. En esta ponencia se aludirá aestudios que incorporaron la perspectiva de género para analizar la intervención médica en el parto (IMP). Así, se recuperan las principales conceptualizaciones y categorías analíticas utilizadas y producidas en estos trabajos (Camacaro Cuevas: 2008a, 2008b y 2009; Camavaro Gómez: 2009; Magnone Aleman: 2011 y 2013; Medina: 2010; Sadler: 2004 y 2007; Schwartz: 2010; Villanueva Egan: 2010) sobre la IMP. Además, se destaca el aporte de esta perspectiva relacional para incluir a los varones-padres en el estudio de la IMP, considerando que ha sido un aspecto poco profundizado

Un recorrido por los modos de estudiar intervención médica en el parto

La propuesta de trabajo es presentar un breve estado de la cuestión sobre las categorías analíticas que atraviesan el estudio de la intervención médica en el parto (IMP) entendida como la actuación médica en todo el proceso de embarazo, parto/nacimiento y puerperio, construido en base a una amplia revisión bibliográfica. Se presentan las conceptualizaciones principales a partir de las cuales se produjeron/producen y situaron/sitúan los distintos saberes sobre el tema, con el fin de contextualizar una nueva investigación sociológica sobre los sentidos y prácticas asociadas a la intervención médica en el proceso de parto/nacimiento por parte de mujeres-madres, varones-padres y profesionales de la salud en la actualidad

Colaboração interfederativa, política educacional e desigualdade no Brasil : Um estudo de caso sobre a implementação do pacto nacional pela alfabetização na idade certa

Esta comunicaçao oral apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa financiada pela representaçao da UNESCO no Brasil, no campo da análise de políticas públicas de educaçao, cujo objetivo foi compreender os processos de proposiçao, implementaçao e recontextualizaçao do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetizaçao na Idade Certa - PNAIC, política de estado brasileira iniciada em 2012 e adotada em praticamente todos municípios do país. Articulando fundamentos teóricos da sociologia política da educaçao e da ciência política e combinando metodologias qualitativa e quantitativa, o estudo de caso concluiu que o cruzamento entre um pacto federativo com graves indefiniçoes e um tecido social que ainda apresenta severas desigualdades sociais comprometeu, em parte, os resultados esperados nesta primeira fase de implementaçao da política. Também identificou a dificuldade da universidade em dialogar com o desafio do combate à desigualdade educativa e com sua responsabilidade no campo da formaçao de educadores. Por outro lado, a análise evidenciou a importância dos esforços de articulaçao entre as diferentes açoes no campo de políticas educacionais e diferentes instâncias federativas, bem como a centralidade da regulaçao dos interesses do mercado editorial para a diminuiçao das disparidades no que diz respeito ao direito pleno à educaçao

Intervenciones médicas en los procesos de embarazo y parto : Reflexiones conceptuales y análisis de relatos de partos de la ciudad de La Plata

La propuesta de trabajo es presentar dimensiones conceptuales y empíricas que emergen de (y en) la investigación doctoral que realizo. En dicha investigación se busca describir, analizar y problematizar las experiencias asociadas a las intervenciones médicas en la asistencia del embarazo, parto y puerperio (en tanto etapas del proceso de parto/nacimiento), para conocer de qué modos se re-producen, legitiman, resisten y cuestionan dichas intervenciones, recuperando la perspectiva de mujeres-madres, varones-padres y profesionales de la salud. El objetivo de esta ponencia es presentar algunas reflexiones conceptuales para pensar las intervenciones médicas en estos procesos y realizar un análisis de los relatos de embarazos y partos de un grupo de mujeres platenses publicitados en redes sociales